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    Carbohydrates: Dr. Shahab Uddin

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    Shahab
    This document discusses carbohydrates. It defines carbohydrates as polyhydroxy alcohols that are the most abundant biomolecules found in plants and animals. The main sources of carbohydrates are plants, with foods like cereals, wheat, rice, potatoes, sugarcane and fruits being rich sources. Carbohydrates play important roles like energy storage, structure formation, and synthesis of other compounds. Diseases related to carbohydrate metabolism include diabetes mellitus, galactosemia, and dental caries.

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    Carbohydrates: Dr. Shahab Uddin

    Uploaded by

    Shahab
    113 views12 pages
    This document discusses carbohydrates. It defines carbohydrates as polyhydroxy alcohols that are the most abundant biomolecules found in plants and animals. The main sources of carbohydrates are plants, with foods like cereals, wheat, rice, potatoes, sugarcane and fruits being rich sources. Carbohydrates play important roles like energy storage, structure formation, and synthesis of other compounds. Diseases related to carbohydrate metabolism include diabetes mellitus, galactosemia, and dental caries.

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    carbo

    Original Title

    2A. CARBOHYDRATES

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    This document discusses carbohydrates. It defines carbohydrates as polyhydroxy alcohols that are the most abundant biomolecules found in plants and animals. The main sources of carbohydrates are plants, with foods like cereals, wheat, rice, potatoes, sugarcane and fruits being rich sources. Carbohydrates play important roles like energy storage, structure formation, and synthesis of other compounds. Diseases related to carbohydrate metabolism include diabetes mellitus, galactosemia, and dental caries.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    113 views12 pages

    Carbohydrates: Dr. Shahab Uddin

    Uploaded by

    Shahab
    This document discusses carbohydrates. It defines carbohydrates as polyhydroxy alcohols that are the most abundant biomolecules found in plants and animals. The main sources of carbohydrates are plants, with foods like cereals, wheat, rice, potatoes, sugarcane and fruits being rich sources. Carbohydrates play important roles like energy storage, structure formation, and synthesis of other compounds. Diseases related to carbohydrate metabolism include diabetes mellitus, galactosemia, and dental caries.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    CARBOHYDRATES

    Dr. Shahab Uddin


    Senior Lecturer
    United College of Physical Therapy
    CONTENTS:
     Introduction
     Role of Carbohydrates
     Sources of Carbohydrates
     Biochemical Functions and

    Biochemistry- 7th Edition


    Lippincott Illustrated Reviews,
    Significance of Carbohydrates
     Diseases related to carbohydrates

    2
    INTRODUCTION:
     Carbohydrates are Most Abundant class of
    Biomolecules.
     widely distributed in the nature, both in
    Animal and Plant Kingdoms.
     Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

    Biochemistry- 7th Edition


    Lippincott Illustrated Reviews,
     Functional groups present include hydroxyl
    groups
     -ose indicates sugar.
     About 65% of the foods in our diet consist of
    carbohydrates.
    3
    DESCRIPTION:
     Carbohydrates are Polyhydroxy Alcohols with
    potentially active (Free) aldehyde (CHO) or Ketone
    (C=O) group.
     Carbohydrate= Alcohol (Poly-OH Alcohols) or they
    are derived from Alcohols.
     I.e. Poly-OH-Alcohols on oxidation from Alcohols

    Biochemistry- 7th Edition


    Lippincott Illustrated Reviews,
    yield carbohydrates.
     Hydroxyl Group is a functional group of
    carbohydrates.
     OXIDATION: Addition of Oxygen or Removal of
    hydrogen.

    4
    CONTINUED:
     Some Carbohydrates also contain nitrogen,
    phosphorus, or sulfur.
     This is the best source of energy.
     60-65% energy is obtained from carbohydrates.
     They form only 1% of the body mass.

    Biochemistry- 7th Edition


    Lippincott Illustrated Reviews,
     Carbohydrates are also called Saccharide.

    5
    ROLE OF CARBOHYDRATES IN LIVING ORGANISM

     Various Types of Carbohydrates are involved


    in Vital and Important Functions of Body.
     Various Types of Carbohydrates are Major

    Biochemistry- 7th Edition


    Lippincott Illustrated Reviews,
    Components Of Our Food.
     A variety of Diseases result in Abnormalities
    of Carbohydrate metabolism.

    6
    MAIN SOURCES OF CARBOHYDRATES
     Produced by plants during photosynthesis.
     After eating plant foods, humans convert the
    carbohydrates into glucose.
     Some Common Sources are:
     Cereals

    Biochemistry- 7th Edition


    Lippincott Illustrated Reviews,
     Wheat
     Rice
     Potatoes
     Sugarcane
     Fruits
     Bread 7
    CARBOHYDRATE RICH FOOD

    Lippincott Illustrated Reviews,


    8

    Biochemistry- 7th Edition


    SOURCES OF CARBOHYDRATES
    TYPES OF
    SOURCES
    CARBOHYDRATE
    Rice, wheat, Potato
    Glucose
    Starch (Polymer of Glucose)

    Biochemistry- 7th Edition


    Lippincott Illustrated Reviews,
    Sucrose Sugar Cane

    Lactose Milk

    Fructose Honey

    Glucose & Fructose Fruits

    Cellulose Green Vegetables 9


    BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF
    CARBOHYDRATES

     Generation & Storage of Energy.


     Structure formation of various tissues.
     Synthesis of other vital compounds such as Amino Acids, Fats,
    Co-Enzymes, Nucleic Acids.

    Biochemistry- 7th Edition


    Lippincott Illustrated Reviews,
     Detoxification of toxic metabolic products, drugs and
    exogenous harmful products.
     Major source of energy for the cell
     Major structural component of plant cell
     Immediate energy in the form of GLUCOSE
     Reserve or stored energy in the form of GLYCOGEN 10
    DISEASES RELATED TO CARBOHYDRATE

     Diabetes Mellitus
     Galactosemia
     Hypoglycemia
     Dental caries

    Biochemistry- 7th Edition


    Lippincott Illustrated Reviews,
     Von Gierks Disease
     Lactose Intolerance

    11
    Lippincott Illustrated Reviews,
    12

    Biochemistry- 7th Edition

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