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    Malaria in Children: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Mbarara University

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    Mwanja Moses
    This document discusses malaria in children in Uganda. It notes that malaria accounts for about 70% of outpatient visits and 50% of admissions of children under 5 in Uganda. Malaria is also a major cause of mortality, responsible for between 70,000-110,000 child deaths per year in Uganda. The clinical presentation and recognition of malaria in children is discussed, noting that fever is a common symptom but can be difficult to distinguish from other infections in young children. Important complications of malaria in children include cerebral malaria, seizures, anemia, metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia, and pulmonary edema.

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    Malaria in Children: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Mbarara University

    Uploaded by

    Mwanja Moses
    14 views13 pages
    This document discusses malaria in children in Uganda. It notes that malaria accounts for about 70% of outpatient visits and 50% of admissions of children under 5 in Uganda. Malaria is also a major cause of mortality, responsible for between 70,000-110,000 child deaths per year in Uganda. The clinical presentation and recognition of malaria in children is discussed, noting that fever is a common symptom but can be difficult to distinguish from other infections in young children. Important complications of malaria in children include cerebral malaria, seizures, anemia, metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia, and pulmonary edema.

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    04 Malaria in children.pptx

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    This document discusses malaria in children in Uganda. It notes that malaria accounts for about 70% of outpatient visits and 50% of admissions of children under 5 in Uganda. Malaria is also a major cause of mortality, responsible for between 70,000-110,000 child deaths per year in Uganda. The clinical presentation and recognition of malaria in children is discussed, noting that fever is a common symptom but can be difficult to distinguish from other infections in young children. Important complications of malaria in children include cerebral malaria, seizures, anemia, metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia, and pulmonary edema.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    14 views13 pages

    Malaria in Children: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Mbarara University

    Uploaded by

    Mwanja Moses
    This document discusses malaria in children in Uganda. It notes that malaria accounts for about 70% of outpatient visits and 50% of admissions of children under 5 in Uganda. Malaria is also a major cause of mortality, responsible for between 70,000-110,000 child deaths per year in Uganda. The clinical presentation and recognition of malaria in children is discussed, noting that fever is a common symptom but can be difficult to distinguish from other infections in young children. Important complications of malaria in children include cerebral malaria, seizures, anemia, metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia, and pulmonary edema.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Malaria in

    Children
    Department of Paediatrics -and
    a brief
    Childoverview
    Health,
    Mbarara University
    Outline
     Theburden and public health impact of malaria in children
     Clinical
    presentation
     Recognition/clinical diagnosis
     Approach to treatment
    Burden
     In Uganda, U5 child can have 6 episodes of
    clinical malaria
     Malaria accounts for about 70% of outpatient
    attendances in children under 5
     Accounts for 50% of admissions in under 5 in
    Uganda
     In MRRH malaria accounts for about 60% of
    paediatric admissions
    Mortality
     Especially in children, malaria is a rapidly progressive and
    frequently fatal illness.
     Case fatality rate for severe malaria is 10-25%
     Majority of the deaths occur within 1-2 days of the onset of
    symptoms
     Although there may be background co-morbidity, malaria
    frequently kills previously healthy children
    Mortality
     Malaria is the main killer of children in Uganda
     Or 70,000-110,000 child deaths per year
     In MRRH malaria was the recorded diagnosis in 57.6% of
    deaths registered over the 12-month period March 2006 – Feb
    2007
    Mortality
     Malaria also contributes to infant mortality
    through its impact on birth weight: low birth
    weight (LBW) is a major factor in infant mortality
     In hyperendemic areas, maternal malaria is the
    main cause of low birth weight
     The excess risk of LBW among PGs over that in
    MGs is directly proportional to the level of malaria
    transmission in the area.
    Other impact
     Malaria is also an important cause of chronic morbidity
     Recurrent – chronic anaemia
     Associated with growth restriction (stunting)
     Associated with retardation of cognitive development in
    children
     Numerous neurological sequelae following cerebral malaria
    Clinical presentation
     Age:
     Congenital malaria extremely rare
     Clinical malaria generally rare below 2 months
     Highest incidence is 3 months to 5 years
    2 broad categories: uncomplicated and
    complicated malaria
    Clinical recognition
     Early childhood is the period of highest incidence of infections
    generally. Fever can be due to a wide range of infections
     Most infections present with non-specific features, in a way
    that is difficult to distinguish from malaria
     In young children (asymptomatic) malaria parasitaemia
    prevalence can be as high as 50-80%, and 20-50% in older
    children.
    Common symptoms
     Fever:
     Typically acute onset, short history
     Variable, can be moderate or high grade
     Classical patterns of tertian or quartan variation
    unusual in children
     Often have clear fever-free periods
     Shivering/rigors also unusual especially in infants
     May be associated with febrile seizures
    Common symptoms and signs
     Symptoms generally non-specific
     Vomiting
     Reduced appetite
     Cough
     Diarrhoea
     Often a degree of pallor (anaemia)
     Frequently enlarged spleen and liver
     Other symptoms/signs reflect the emergence of
    various complications
    Important complications
     Cerebral malaria
     Seizures; due to various factors
     Anaemia (haemolytic)
     Metabolic acidosis
     Hypoglycaemia
     Pulmonary oedema
    Thank you

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