Bioremediation
Bioremediation
Bioremediation
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contents
What is BIOREMEDIATION
uDefination
uMicrobes Involved
uTypes
uProcess
uApproaches
uAdvantages
uDisadvantages
It is the completely
safe and natural
process of cleaning up
organic contaminants
through the use of
microbes.
Process to transform
harmful substances
into non-toxic carbon
dioxide, water and
fatty acids.
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HOW
V OBE OLED
Aerobic Bacteria
An-aerobic Bacteria
Ligninolytic fungi
Methylotrophs
ES OF B OEVED O
Biotransformation
Biodegradation
Mineralization
OESS
The bacteria involved in the process of
bioremediation are placed within the
contaminated site in which they immediately
begin to start breaking down the organic
contaminant.
This "breaking down" process consists of these
microbes breaking the carbon chains of which
make up all organic molecules.
The microbes thus work on breaking down the
carbon chains until the contaminant is eliminated
and no longer an environmental threat.
As a result of this process carbon dioxide and
water are left behind as by-products with trace
elements of fatty acid.
OHES
Situ
iatio
Bioventing
In situ biodegradation
Biosparging
Bioaugmentation
Exitu
iatio
uLandfarming
uComposting
uBiopiles
uBioreactors
PHYTOREMEDIATION
Phytoextraction
Phytotransformation
Phytostabilization
Phytodegradation
Rhizofiltration
Microbes as Biodegraders
Aerobic
Ex:-Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes,
Sphingomonas, Rhodococcus &
Mycobacterium
Anaerobic
bioremediation of polychlorinat-
edbiphenyls (PCBs) in river
sediments, dechlorination of the
solvent trichloroethylene (TCE), &
chloroform.
Ex:-Ligninolytic fungi. Fungi such as
the white rot fungusPhanaerochaete
chrysosporium.
D
E
Bioremediation is a natural process
and is directly related to microbes.
It is useful for the complete destruction of
a wide variety of contaminants & many
compounds that are legally considered to
be hazardous.
Natural treatment and environmentally
safe.
Exposure risks are at minimal.
Costeffective.
D SD
E
Incomplete transformation.
There are some concerns that the products
of biodegradation may be more persistent or
toxic than the parent compound.
Biological processes are often highly specific.
Technology still at its infancy.
Bioremediation often takes longer than other
treatment options.
Regulatory uncertainty remains regarding
acceptable performance criteria for
bioremediation.
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