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    Tools On Solid Waste

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    Apollinaire Nkeshimana
    This document discusses solid waste management challenges in cities. It notes that rapid urbanization is increasing the amount of solid waste generated in cities, which many lack the capacity to manage properly. Uncollected solid waste poses health and environmental risks. While collection rates have increased, around 2 billion people still lack regular collection services. The document defines key terms like municipal solid waste and collected vs uncollected waste. It outlines criteria for evaluating waste collection and disposal mechanisms and notes limitations in waste data collection across countries.

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    Tools On Solid Waste

    Uploaded by

    Apollinaire Nkeshimana
    23 views15 pages
    This document discusses solid waste management challenges in cities. It notes that rapid urbanization is increasing the amount of solid waste generated in cities, which many lack the capacity to manage properly. Uncollected solid waste poses health and environmental risks. While collection rates have increased, around 2 billion people still lack regular collection services. The document defines key terms like municipal solid waste and collected vs uncollected waste. It outlines criteria for evaluating waste collection and disposal mechanisms and notes limitations in waste data collection across countries.

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    Tools on Solid Waste

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    This document discusses solid waste management challenges in cities. It notes that rapid urbanization is increasing the amount of solid waste generated in cities, which many lack the capacity to manage properly. Uncollected solid waste poses health and environmental risks. While collection rates have increased, around 2 billion people still lack regular collection services. The document defines key terms like municipal solid waste and collected vs uncollected waste. It outlines criteria for evaluating waste collection and disposal mechanisms and notes limitations in waste data collection across countries.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    23 views15 pages

    Tools On Solid Waste

    Uploaded by

    Apollinaire Nkeshimana
    This document discusses solid waste management challenges in cities. It notes that rapid urbanization is increasing the amount of solid waste generated in cities, which many lack the capacity to manage properly. Uncollected solid waste poses health and environmental risks. While collection rates have increased, around 2 billion people still lack regular collection services. The document defines key terms like municipal solid waste and collected vs uncollected waste. It outlines criteria for evaluating waste collection and disposal mechanisms and notes limitations in waste data collection across countries.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    SOLID WASTE

    MANAGEMENT IN CITIES

    Capacity Development Workshop on Implementing, Monitoring


    and Reporting the New Urban Agenda and SDG 11 in Africa -
    Western and Central Africa
     

    Alain Ngono 24-26 April 2019


    Regional Office for Africa
    (ROAF) Dakar - Senegal
    UN-HABITAT
    •TARGET 11.6: By 2030, reduce the
    adverse per capita environmental impact
    of cities, including by paying special
    attention to air quality and municipal
    INTRODUCT and other waste management.

    ION •Indicator 11.6.1: Proportion of urban


    solid waste regularly collected and with
    adequate final discharge out of total
    urban solid waste generated by cities.
    BACKGROUND
    Urban households and businesses produce substantial amounts of solid waste that must be collected regularly,
    recycled or treated and disposed properly in order to maintain healthy and sanitary living conditions. Many cities
    are increasingly facing solid waste management challenges due to rapid urbanization, lack of technical and financial
    capacity or low policy priority. As urbanization and population growth will continue, it is expected that municipal
    solid waste generation will double by 2025.
    Also, the higher the income level of a city, the greater the amount of the solid waste produced. Therefore the
    economic growth to be experienced in the developing and emerging countries will pose greater challenges in solid
    waste management to local governments in the next decades.
    Adverse environmental impact of uncollected waste in a city is significant. Uncollected solid waste can end up in
    drains leading to the blockage of drainage systems and cause unsanitary conditions that have a direct health impact
    on residents. Open burning of uncollected waste produces pollutants that are highly damaging locally and globally.
    In 2015, the Global Waste Management Outlook estimated that at least 2 billion people do not have access to
    regular waste collection. This is particularly worse in informal settlements. UN-Habitat’s report on Solid Waste
    Management in World Cities Report published in 2010 estimated that only 5% of waste in squatter areas is regularly
    collected.
    BACKGROUND
    (Cont’d)
    Even when solid waste is collected, it is not uncommon that recycling and treatment facilities or landfill sites are
    not operated in an environmental sound manner, especially when lacking a pollution control system causing
    public health and environmental concerns.
    Open dumpsites are major source of greenhouse gasses (GHG) emission in urban settings, and if the situation
    remains unchanged in conjunction with rapid urbanization, dumpsites will account for 8-10% of the global
    anthropogenic GHG emission by 2025.
     
    Improper waste management accelerates poverty and social exclusion. In an open dump site, waste pickers or
    scavengers are regularly collecting recyclables without any protection measures. They are exposed to extreme
    health threats and it is estimated that 20% of these waste pickers are out-of-school. The frequent explosion or
    landslides in open dumpsites often kill these waste pickers working on the pile of waste. It is also not unusual
    that gangs or cartels are involved in these informal recycling activities or open dumpsites operations.
    CONCEPT DEFINITIONS

    Municipal Solid Waste: This is waste generated by households, and waste of a


    similar nature generated by commercial and business establishments, industrial and
    agricultural premises, institutions such as schools and hospitals, public spaces such
    as parks and streets and construction sites. Generally, it is non-hazardous waste
    composed of food waste, garden waste, paper and cardboard, wood, textiles,
    nappies (disposable diapers), rubber and leather, plastics, metal, glass, and refuse
    such as ash, dirt and dust.
    CONCEPT DEFINITIONS

    Uncollected Municipal Solid Waste: This refers to waste that is generated in


    a city but which remains uncollected due to lack of collection services. In many
    cities, informal settlements areas do not have access to this basic service. The
    amount of uncollected waste can be estimated by waste generation per capita
    in the city multiplied by the population that does not have access to the solid
    waste collection service.
    CONCEPT DEFINITIONS

    Regularly Collected Municipal Solid Waste: This waste is routinely


    collected from specific addresses or designated collection points. Waste
    collection is conducted directly by municipal authorities or private contractors
    licensed/commissioned by municipal authorities with a regular schedule of the
    day of the week and time of collection. In some cases, private waste collection
    companies have contracts with clients individual to provide collection services.
    CRITERIA TO BE USED IN EVALUATING
    WASTE COLLECTION MECHANISMS AND
    DISPOSAL
    Degree of
    Control over
    Waste
    Reception
    Degree of Control
    over Waste and
    Disposal
    Degree of
    Monitoring and
    Verification
    HOW TO COMPUTE
    1. In majority of the countries, solid waste collection and
    management data are currently incomplete or not available.

    2. Countries have varying policies that define appropriate waste


    management, with different levels of treatment and data
    General collection.
    Limitations
    3. Cities and countries that have more advanced systems do not
    report other aspects of waste management such as recycling that
    could be disaggregated by different components.

    4. The data on total municipal solid waste generation is globally


    available although the precision of data is disputable.
    Merci beaucoup
    alain.ngono@un.org

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