ARTA 111 - Elements and Principles of Art
ARTA 111 - Elements and Principles of Art
ARTA 111 - Elements and Principles of Art
VERTICAL LINES
HORIZONTAL LINES
DIAGONAL LINES
CURVED LINES
Vertical Lines
• Vertical lines are
poised for action.
They are poised,
balanced, forceful,
and dynamic. They
express an
impression of dignity.
Only vertical lines can be used to
express an orderly feeling
VERTICAL LINES
Horizontal Lines
• Horizontal lines are
lines of repose and
serenity. They
express ideas of
calmness and
quiescence..
Only horizontal lines can give a
feeling of peacefulness and stillness.
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Diagonal lines are
used to create feelings
of movement or action.
PHOTOGRAPHY
When using vertical lines within a photo, it’s a good idea to follow the rule of thirds, failure
to do so can result in a photo looking as though it’s been cut in half. It is also important to try
to keep the vertical line as straight as possible. Vertical leading lines can help to illustrate
growth, authority, strength, or dominance. Some examples of vertical leading lines in
photography include photographs of trees or tall buildings.
When composing your photo to include horizontal leading lines, make sure they’re as
straight as possible and consider following the rule of thirds. This photo, for example,
places the land and horizon along the bottom third of the image, while the sky fills the
top two-thirds of the shot. Further, the photo was composed so the bride and groom are
along the left-third of the image.
This photo uses both horizontal and vertical lines. Although the bulrushes are the obvious
use of vertical lines, the horizontal line of the horizon is more subtle. Note, too, that the
photo has been composed so the landscape follows the rule of thirds.
Curved lines, sometimes referred as S curves, can help lead the eye through a photo
and can suggest gracefulness, sexiness, or sensuality. Despite the name, S curves
don’t need to be shaped exactly like an “s.” Any strong leading line that winds or
curves can be considered an S curve. Some curved leading lines often used in
photography include paths and rivers.
When including diagonal leading lines within a photo, it’s best if you can position them so
that they start and finish just above or below the corner of a photo, like the railroad tracks
shown here. This will prevent the image from looking like it has been split in half.
Because our eyes naturally scan photos from left to right, composing an image to include
diagonal leading lines that flow from the bottom left to the top right of a photo is also a
great way to compose a shot.
The body of this acoustic guitar is a great example of S curves. Note the
use of other leading lines in this photo too – the diagonal lines of the guitar
strings, and the horizontal lines of the sheet of music in the background.
Three Main Types of Lines
• Repetition occurs
when two or more
lines are drawn within
a corner following the
lines of the corner.
Three Main Types of Lines
• Lines that are in
opposition to each
other form a contrast.
Three Main Types of Lines
• A transition line is a
line that connects two
workflow elements.
Transition lines allow
you to define what the
next step in a
workflow will be.
To summarize, including leading lines within a
photograph is a composition technique that can
strongly influence the overall result of an image.
Color refers
to the visual
perception of
light being
reflected
from a
surface of an
artwork.
In the most basic classification, colors
can be divided into three groups:
primary, secondary and tertiary.
Attributes of Color
• Hue is the term for the pure
spectrum colors commonly
referred to by the "color
names" - red, orange,
yellow, blue, green violet -
which appear in the hue
circle or rainbow.
Theoretically all hues can
be mixed from three basic
hues, known as primaries.
Color Wheel
• A color wheel is an
abstract illustrative
organization of color
hues around a circle, that
shows relationships
between primary,
secondary, and tertiary
colors, etc.
Attributes of Color
• Value refers to the
lightness or darkness
of a color. It is the
quality which
depends on the
amount of light and
dark in color.
Attributes of Color
• Tints are values Intensity refers to the
above the normal brightness or darkness of
color. It gives color strength.
• Shades are values
When a hue is vivid form, it
below the normal. is said to be in full intensity.
When it is dulled, it is said to
be partly neutralized.
Psychology of Colors
by the Rose
• Red is for “I love you” • Red roses also mean courage
• Pink conveys “Thank you”
• White says “You are heavenly” and fortitude
• Coral speaks of desire. • Yellow roses stand for freedom
• White roses denote secrecy, reverence
and humility.
• Red and Yellow stand for jovial
• Deep pink roses convey gratitude and /happy feelings
appreciation.
• Light pink express sympathy, grace and
• Orange roses speak of
gentility enthusiasm and desire
• Red and White convey unity
TEXTURE
is the element that deals more
directly with the sense of touch.
Amaya CoffeeTable
Yin Yang Chair
VOLUME
• Volume refers to the
amount of space
occupied in three
dimensions.
• It refers to solidity or
thickness.
References:
1. ORIGIN OF ARCHITECTURE
2. ELEMENTS OF LITERATURE
3. MUSIC
4. COMBINATIONS OF INSTRUMENTS
5. DRAMA
6. DANCE