Environmental Impact Assessment For Development Projects

Environmental Impact Assessment
For
Development Projects
WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Environmental Assessment is a planning tool and its main purpose
is to give the environment its due place in the decision making
process by evaluating the environmental consequences of the
proposed activity.
WHY NEED EIA?

 Mandatory legal requirement
 Requirement of the buyers
 Social Responsibility
 Influence of the donor agencies
BENEFITS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
 Protection of Environmental and Human Health

 Opportunity for Public participation
 Sustainable use of resources
 Minimize the risk of disasters
POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN PAKISTAN
Pakistan Environmental Protection Ordinance 1983
 Enacted on 31 December 1983

 provides for the control of pollution and preservation of living environment
 Section-8 of PEPO requires the submission of detailed EIS at the time of
planning the project.
Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997
 Enacted on 6th December 1997 by repealing PEPO-1983.

 Provides framework for protection, conservation, rehabilitation and
improvement of the environment, for the prevention and control of pollution
and promotion of sustainable development.
 Section-12 of PEPA-1997 requires the submission of EA Report prior to the
start of construction.
 Section-17 defines the penalties in case of failure to comply with the
provisions of the Act.
 Four Environmental Tribunals, one in each province have been constituted to
hear the cases relating to PEPA-97.
POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN PAKISTAN
PEPA
 Projects requiring an IEE or EIA are listed in schedule I and II

respectively on the basis of anticipated degree of adverse environmental
impacts
 Provides necessary details on preparation, submission, review and
approval
Pakistan Environmental Assessment Procedures, 1997
Guidelines by Federal EPA for conducting Environmental Assessments and

Management of different types of development projects. Guidelines include:
General Guidelines
Policy and procedures for filing, review and approval of Environmental

Assessment
Preparation and review of Environmental Reports
Public Participation
 Guidelines for Sensitive and Critical Areas
 National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS): Promulgated in 1993
and revised in 2000 for municipal and industrial effluents, industrial
gaseous and vehicular emissions
Sectoral Guidelines
 Major thermal power stations

 Major chemical and manufacturing plant
 Municipal waste disposal
 New Township development
 Oil and gas exploration and production
 Major roads
 Water supply projects
 Sewerage schemes
 Industrial Estates
ADMINISTRATIVE SETUP FOR EIA
 Federal EPA have overall jurisdiction over EIA
PAK-EPA
(Responsible for implementing the PEPA-1997)
Provincial Agencies
Punjab EPA Sindh EPA Baluchistan KPK EPA

EPA
Environmental Assessment for Development Projects

INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS
 Signatory to various international environmental treaties and conventions on

wildlife protection and conservation of environment
 Fulfill the commitments of treaties
EIA PROCESS IN PAKISTAN
Project Proposal
Screening
EIA IEE NO
Public, Scientific Community

and Decision Makers Scoping
Participate
Identification of Impacts
Public Informed & Appropriate Mitigation
& Consulted
Measures
Draft Report
Final Report
Approved Implementation
Review of Report by & Follow-up
Regulatory Authority Decision Making
and Public Not Approved Redesign &
Resubmit
EIA Process/Preparation
Screening
“Process of judgment to decide, whether or not to conduct Environmental

Impact Assessment for the proposed activity”.
Scoping
“ Determination of most critical issues to be studied”.

Process of interaction between interested public and government agencies.
Early step to identify the important issues and eliminate those that are not
interseted.
Time and money saved activity
Use of Activity
Inform potentially affected people

Identify possible effects on the environment and alternatives
Define the boundaries for further assessment
 Analytical methods and consultation procedures
 Decision making
Roles of Stakeholders
 Proponent
 The responsible authority
 Other departments and agencies
 Environmental experts
Report Preparation and Steps
 Introduction
 Project Description
 Baseline Environmental Profile.
 Identification and assessment of impacts
 Environmental management and monitoring plan
Introduction
Covering purpose of the report including identification of the project &

proponent, description of size, nature and location of the project,
objective & scope of the study
Project Description
Type and category of the project, objective of the project, alternatives

considered, Maps and drawings, size and magnitude of operation,
restoration plan, Government approvals.
Description of
Environment
Sufficient information on existing environmental resources including

physical resources, ecological resources and socioeconomic conditions
of the area.
Identification and Prediction of Potential Environmental
Impacts
Identification and prediction of environmental impacts during design,

construction and operational phase of the project. Checklist and
Matrix are commonly employed techniques.
Characteristics of the impacts: Nature, magnitude, duration,
reversibility
Mitigation Measures
Suggest appropriate measures to minimize or eliminate the impacts
Environmental Management Plan
 Ensure effective implementation of mitigation measures

 Responsibilities are assigned to staff

Environmental Impact Assessment For Development Projects

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Environmental Impact Assessment

WHY NEED EIA?

 Protection of Environmental and Human Health

Pakistan Environmental Protection Ordinance 1983

 Enacted on 31 December 1983

Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997

 Enacted on 6th December 1997 by repealing PEPO-1983.

 Projects requiring an IEE or EIA are listed in schedule I and II

Guidelines by Federal EPA for conducting Environmental Assessments and

Policy and procedures for filing, review and approval of Environmental

 Major thermal power stations

 Federal EPA have overall jurisdiction over EIA

Punjab EPA Sindh EPA Baluchistan KPK EPA

Environmental Assessment for Development Projects

 Signatory to various international environmental treaties and conventions on

Public, Scientific Community

“Process of judgment to decide, whether or not to conduct Environmental

“ Determination of most critical issues to be studied”.

Inform potentially affected people

Report Preparation and Steps

Covering purpose of the report including identification of the project &

Type and category of the project, objective of the project, alternatives

Sufficient information on existing environmental resources including

Identification and prediction of environmental impacts during design,

Suggest appropriate measures to minimize or eliminate the impacts

Environmental Management Plan

 Ensure effective implementation of mitigation measures

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