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    Refraction: Mr. Jerome S. Manalo, LPT

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    Rose Anne Castillo
    The document discusses refraction, which is the change in direction of light when passing from one medium to another with a different density, caused by a change in the light's speed. It defines the index of refraction as the ratio of light's speed in a vacuum to its speed in a medium, and provides examples of indices for various materials like water, glass and diamond. The document also introduces Snell's law, which relates the indices of refraction and angles of incidence and refraction.

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    Refraction: Mr. Jerome S. Manalo, LPT

    Uploaded by

    Rose Anne Castillo
    38 views14 pages
    The document discusses refraction, which is the change in direction of light when passing from one medium to another with a different density, caused by a change in the light's speed. It defines the index of refraction as the ratio of light's speed in a vacuum to its speed in a medium, and provides examples of indices for various materials like water, glass and diamond. The document also introduces Snell's law, which relates the indices of refraction and angles of incidence and refraction.

    Original Description:

    Grade 9 activity

    Original Title

    9_Refraction

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    The document discusses refraction, which is the change in direction of light when passing from one medium to another with a different density, caused by a change in the light's speed. It defines the index of refraction as the ratio of light's speed in a vacuum to its speed in a medium, and provides examples of indices for various materials like water, glass and diamond. The document also introduces Snell's law, which relates the indices of refraction and angles of incidence and refraction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    38 views14 pages

    Refraction: Mr. Jerome S. Manalo, LPT

    Uploaded by

    Rose Anne Castillo
    The document discusses refraction, which is the change in direction of light when passing from one medium to another with a different density, caused by a change in the light's speed. It defines the index of refraction as the ratio of light's speed in a vacuum to its speed in a medium, and provides examples of indices for various materials like water, glass and diamond. The document also introduces Snell's law, which relates the indices of refraction and angles of incidence and refraction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Refraction

    Mr. Jerome S. Manalo, LPT


    Refraction
    • When a wave crosses a boundary
    between Medium 1 and Medium 2,
    the wave changes direction because
    it changes velocity.

    • Frequency remains constant.

    • Velocity changes as a result of


    wavelength change.
    Refraction
    • It is the change in the direction of
    light when it passes from one
    medium to another of different
    optical density.

    • It occurs at the boundary


    between the two media as a
    result of the change in the speed
    of light upon crossing the
    boundary.
    Refraction
    Example
    Incident
    Ray Less Rigid
    Medium

    More Rigid
    Medium
    Refracted
    ray bends
    towards
    the
    Refracted Ray normal.
    Index of Refraction, n

    • The index of refraction of a


    substance is the ration of the
    speed of light in a vacuum to
    that in the substance.
    Index of Refraction, n
    n=c/v

    • c : the speed of light in a vacuum,


    3 x 108  m/sec
    • v : speed of light in the medium.
    • n : medium's index of refraction

    • n>1 (Why?)
    Indices of Refraction
    Vacuum 1.00
    Air 1.0003
    Water 1.33
    Ethanol 1.36
    Crown glass 1.52
    Quartz 1.52
    Diamond 2.42
    Note
    • The speed of light has a lower speed
    in a more optically dense medium.
    Problem
    • What is the index of refraction in
    quartz?
    • What is the index of refraction in
    diamond?
    • What is the index of refraction in
    ethanol?
    Snell’s Law

    • n1 sin 1 = n2 sin 
    Note
    When the incident ray travels from
    a less optically dense medium
    (low n)
    to
    a more optically dense medium
    (higher n)

    then the refracted ray bends


    towards the normal.
    Problem
    • What is the angle of refraction when
    a ray from air with an angle of
    incidence of 50 o is incident to water?
    • Draw the ray diagram.
    Problem
    • Find the critical angle for a light ray
    that is incident from water to air, if
    the angle of refraction for air is 25
    degree.

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