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    Colonial Period

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    Rhea Jane Bongcato
    The Spanish colonized the Philippines in the 16th century and ruled until the late 19th century. In 1565, Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi established the first permanent Spanish settlement in Cebu. The Spanish went on to conquer much of the archipelago and establish Manila as the capital of their colony. In 1898, the United States invaded and took control of the Philippines from Spain following the Spanish-American War. The ensuing Philippine-American War lasted from 1899 to 1902 as Filipinos resisted American rule. The U.S. then governed the Philippines as a colony until granting the country independence in 1946.

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    Colonial Period

    Uploaded by

    Rhea Jane Bongcato
    19 views17 pages
    The Spanish colonized the Philippines in the 16th century and ruled until the late 19th century. In 1565, Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi established the first permanent Spanish settlement in Cebu. The Spanish went on to conquer much of the archipelago and establish Manila as the capital of their colony. In 1898, the United States invaded and took control of the Philippines from Spain following the Spanish-American War. The ensuing Philippine-American War lasted from 1899 to 1902 as Filipinos resisted American rule. The U.S. then governed the Philippines as a colony until granting the country independence in 1946.

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    The Spanish colonized the Philippines in the 16th century and ruled until the late 19th century. In 1565, Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi established the first permanent Spanish settlement in Cebu. The Spanish went on to conquer much of the archipelago and establish Manila as the capital of their colony. In 1898, the United States invaded and took control of the Philippines from Spain following the Spanish-American War. The ensuing Philippine-American War lasted from 1899 to 1902 as Filipinos resisted American rule. The U.S. then governed the Philippines as a colony until granting the country independence in 1946.

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    19 views17 pages

    Colonial Period

    Uploaded by

    Rhea Jane Bongcato
    The Spanish colonized the Philippines in the 16th century and ruled until the late 19th century. In 1565, Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi established the first permanent Spanish settlement in Cebu. The Spanish went on to conquer much of the archipelago and establish Manila as the capital of their colony. In 1898, the United States invaded and took control of the Philippines from Spain following the Spanish-American War. The ensuing Philippine-American War lasted from 1899 to 1902 as Filipinos resisted American rule. The U.S. then governed the Philippines as a colony until granting the country independence in 1946.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 17

    COLONIAL PERIOD (SPANISH

    REGIME)
    •The Spaniards had been exploring the Philippines since
    the early 16th century. Ferdinand Magellan

    • In 1543, Ruy López de Villalobos arrived at the islands of


    Leyte and Samar and named them Las Islas Filipinas in
    honor of Philip II of Spain, at the time Prince of Asturias.

    • Philip became King of Spain on January 16, 1556, when


    his father, Charles I of Spain (who also reigned as Charles
    V, Holy Roman Emperor), abdicated the Spanish throne.

    • Philip was in Brussels at the time and his return to Spain


    was delayed until 1559 because of European politics and
    wars in northern Europe.
    • Philip II of Spain, whose name has remained attached to the islands, ordered
    and oversaw the conquest and colonization of the Philippines.

    • November 19 or 20, 1564 a Spanish expedition of a mere 500 men led by


    Miguel López de Legazpi departed Barra de Navidad, New Spain, arriving off
    Cebu on February 13, 1565, conquering it despite Cebuano opposition.

    • In 1569, Legazpi transferred to Panay and founded a second settlement on the


    bank of the Panay River.

    • In 1570, Legazpi sent his grandson, Juan de Salcedo, who had arrived from
    Mexico in 1567, to Mindoro to punish the Muslim Moro pirates who had been
    plundering Panay villages.

    • Salcedo also destroyed forts on the islands of Ilin and Lubang, respectively
    South and Northwest of Mindoro.
    PHILIP II (SPANISH:
    FELIPE II; 21 MAY 1527 –
    13 SEPTEMBER 1598)

    • He was King of Spain (1556–98), King


    of Portugal (1581–98, as Philip I,
    Portuguese: Filipe I), King of Naples and
    Sicily (both from 1554), and jure uxoris
    King of England and Ireland (during his
    marriage to Queen Mary I from 1554 to

    • He was also Duke of Milan, and from


    1555, lord of the Seventeen Provinces
    of the Netherlands.
    MIGUEL LÓPEZ DE
    LEGAZPI (SPANISH
    PRONUNCIATION: [MIˈƔEL
    ˈLOPEΘ ÐE LEˈƔAΘPI]

    •Also known as El
    Adelantado and El
    Viejo (The Elder)
    • In 1570, Martín de Goiti, having been dispatched by Legazpi to Luzon,
    conquered the Kingdom of Maynila (now Manila), a puppet-state of the
    Sultanate of Brunei. 79 Legazpi then made Maynila the capital of the Philippines
    and simplified its spelling to Manila.

    • His expedition also renamed Luzon Nueva Castilla. Legazpi became the
    country's first governor-general. In 1573, Japan expanded its trade in northern
    Luzon. In 1580, the Japanese lord Tay Fusa established the independent Wokou
    Tay Fusa state in non-colonial Cagayan.

    • When the Spanish arrived in the area, they subjugated the new kingdom,
    resulting in 1582 Cagayan battles.[7] With time, Cebu's importance fell as
    power shifted north to Luzon. The archipelago was Spain's outpost in the orient
    and Manila became the capital of the entire Spanish East Indies.

    • The colony was administered through the Viceroyalty of New Spain (now
    Mexico) until 1821 when Mexico achieved independence from Spain. After 1821,
    the colony was governed directly from Spain.
    AMERICAN REGIME AND WORLD
    WAR 2
    MANILA PHILIPPINES DURING
    WORLD WAR II
    MANIL A CENTRAL POST D
    URING WORLD WAR 2

    • The Battle of Manila ( February 3 - March 3 1945) was


    a major battle of the Philippine campaign of 1944-1955
    during the Second World War. It was fought by American
    forces from both the U.S. mainland and the Philippines
    against Japanese troops in Manila, the capital city of the
    Philippines.
    • The month-long battle, which resulted in the death of
    over 100,000 civilians and the complete devastation of
    the city, was the scene of the worst urban fighting in the
    Pacific theater.
    • Japanese forces committed mass murder against
    Filipino civilians during the battle. Along with massive
    loss of life, the battle also destroyed architectural and
    cultural heritage dating back to the city's founding, and
    Manila became one of the most devastated capital cities
    during the entire war, alongside Berlin and Warsaw.
    • The battle ended the almost three years of Japanese
    military occupation in the Philippines (1942-1945) The
    city's capture was marked as General Douglas
    MacArthur's key to victory in the campaign of
    reconquest. It is the last of the many battles fought
    within Manila's history.
    An aerial view of the destroyed
    walled city of Intramuros taken in
    May.
    • American settlement in the Philippines began during the Spanish colonial period.

    • The period of American colonization of the Philippines lasted 48 years, from


    cession of the Philippines to the U.S. by Spain in 1898 to U.S. recognition of
    Philippine independence in 1946. After independence in 1946, many Americans
    chose to remain in the Philippines while maintaining relations with relatives in the
    US.

    • Most of them were professionals, but missionaries continued to settle the country.

    • The United States invaded the Philippines, which was then governed by Spain as
    the Spanish East Indies, during the Spanish-American War.

    • After the conclusion of that war, Philippine revolutionaries declared independence


    as the Revolutionary Government of the Philippines.

    • Believing that the Philippines was not yet fit for self-government, the United
    States maintained authority of the archipelago and the Philippine–American War
    ensued. America then held the Philippines until granting full independence on July
    4th, 1946.
    Philippine-American War
    Battle of Angeles - Philippine-American
    FRIENDLY FIRE American War, 1899-1902
    Military on Patrol in the
    Philippines
    POST AMERICAN PERIOD
    • The United States invaded the Philippines, which was then governed by
    Spain as the Spanish East Indies, during the Spanish-American War. After
    the conclusion of that war, Philippine revolutionaries declared
    independence as the Revolutionary Government of the Philippines.

    • Believing that the Philippines was not yet fit for self-government, the
    United States maintained authority of the archipelago and the Philippine–
    American War ensued. America then held the Philippines until granting
    full independence on July 4th, 1946.

    • After independence in 1946, many Americans chose to remain in the


    Philippines while maintaining relations with relatives in the US. Most of
    them were professionals, but missionaries continued to settle the country.

    • In 2015, the U.S. State Department estimated that there were more
    than 220,000 U.S. citizens living in the Philippines, with a significant
    mixed population of Amerasians and descendants from the colonial era
    Philippine-American War The War in 1900-1901 - Philippine-American War, 1899-1
    902

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