Day 3 Weld Joint Geometry, Welding and NDE Symbols
Day 3 Weld Joint Geometry, Welding and NDE Symbols
Day 3 Weld Joint Geometry, Welding and NDE Symbols
Module 4
Weld Joint Geometry
------
Welding and NDE
Symbols
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 2
Butt
Corner
T-Joint
Lap
Edge
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 3
Butt Joint
A Joint between 2
members aligned
approximately in
the same plane
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 4
Bevel-groove U-groove
Flare-bevel-groove V-groove
Flare-v-groove Edge-flange
J-groove Braze
Square-groove
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 5
Corner Joint
A Joint between 2
members located
approximately at right
angles to each other in
the form of an L
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 6
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 7
T-Joint
A Joint between 2
members located at
approximately right
angles to each other in
the form of a T
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 8
Fillet Slot
Bevel-groove Spot
Flare-bevel-groove Seam
J-groove Projection
Square-groove Braze
Plug
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 9
Lap Joint
A Joint between 2
overlapping members
in parallel planes
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 10
Fillet Slot
Bevel-groove Spot
Flare-bevel-groove Seam
J-groove Projection
Plug Braze
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 11
Edge Joint
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 12
Bevel-groove U-groove
Flare-bevel-groove V-groove
Flare-v-groove Edge
J-groove Seam
Square-groove
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 13
Joint Nomenclature
Refer to A3.0-94, Figs 4, 5, 6, 7, pages 44 - 47
Joint root Groove radius
Groove face Root opening
Root edge Edge shapes
Root face – square
– single or double bevel
Bevel angle
– single or double J
Depth of bevel
– round
Groove angle
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 14
Figure 4 -
Joint Root
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 15
Figure 5 -
Groove Face
Root Edge
Root Face
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 16
Figure 6 -
Bevel Angle
Bevel Depth
Groove Angle
Groove Radius
Root Opening
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 17
Figure 7 -
Edge Shapes
Square
Single Bevel
Double Bevel
Single J
Double J
Flange
Round
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 18
Weld Joints
Single groove - p 48
Double-groove - p 49
Flanged Joints - p 50
Seam and Spot - p 53
Various - p 54
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 20
Figure 8 -
Single Groove Welds
Single Square
Single Bevel
Single V
Single J
Single U
Single Flare Bevel
Single Flare V
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 21
Figure 8 -
Single Groove Welds
Double Square
Double Bevel
Double V
Double J
Double U
Double Flare Bevel
Double Flare V
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 22
Figure 10 -
Flanged Welds
Edge - Flanged Butt
Edge - Melt Through
Edge - Flanged Corner
Square, Flare V
RSW in Flanged Corner
Fillet, Flare-Bevel in T
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 23
Figure 14 -
Seam, Spot Welds
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 24
Figure 15 -
Various Welds
Upset Weld
Flash Weld
Surfacing Weld
Slot Welds
Plug Welds
Fillet Welds
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 25
Welding Position
Refer to A3.0-94, Figs 16 - 21, pages 55 - 64
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 26
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 27
Parts Of A Weld
Refer to A3.0-94, Fig 24, pages 68 - 70
Toe Bead
Face Back weld
Face reinforcement Backing weld
Root reinforcement Spacer
Root surface Heat-Affected Zone
Weld Root (HAZ)
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 28
Figure 24 -
Parts of Welds
Weld Face
Weld Toe
Face Reinforcement
Root Reinforcement
Weld Root
Back Weld
Backing Weld
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 29
Figure 24 -
Parts of Welds
Weld Root
Leg, Face, Toe
Spacer
Weld Metal
Heat Affected Zone
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 30
Figure 24 -
Parts of Welds
Weld Root
Weld Bead
Dilution Percent
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 31
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 32
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 33
Concave Fillet Weld
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 34
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 35
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 36
Error !
Correct
Dimension
Fig 26 (c) - page 75 - Incomplete Joint Penetration
reference dimension is in error on sketch
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 38
Melt-through
Convex root surface
Concave root surface
– Slang term is ‘suck back’ - Don’t Use
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 39
Incomplete Fusion
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 40
Incomplete Fusion - 1 of 2
LACK OF INTER RUN FUSION
LACK OF SIDE WALL FUSION
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 41
Incomplete Fusion - 2 of 2
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 42
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 43
Weld Discontinuities
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 44
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 46
Weld Symbols
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 47
Square U
Scarf J
V Flare-V
Bevel Flare-bevel
Fillet Seam
Plug or Slot Back or Backing
Stud * Surfacing *
Spot or Projection Edge
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 50
Welding Symbol
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 51
Supplementary Symbols
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 52
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 53
Arrow Notation
Information applicable to
the arrow side of the joint
is placed below the
reference line
Information applicable to
the other side of a joint is
placed above the
reference line
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 54
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 55
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 56
Side Significance
The Weld Symbol
straddles the reference
line when there is no
side Significance
Resistance Spot Weld
Flash Weld
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 57
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 58
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 59
Multiple Arrows
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 60
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 61
Tail
The Tail is used to
specify welding
process information
or other such
information needed
to convey the
necessary welding
details.
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 63
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 64
Symbol Dimensions?
Tolerances, if required, are to be placed in tail
Welding Symbols are usually drawn without
dimension units such as inches or millimeters.
But, Welding Symbols to be used for
publications or those requiring high precision
should be dimensioned and have the
dimensional tolerances noted within the tail.
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Symbol Examples Module 4 - 66
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 67
Symbol Examples
Back or Backing,
single J-groove, fillet
Single-bevel-groove,
double fillet
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 68
Symbol Examples
Weld all-around Multi-plane weld
symbol is a very requirements are very simple
useful symbol to sketch using symbol
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Symbol Examples
Module 4 - 69
Square-groove butt
with melt-through
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 70
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 71
No dimensions means
complete penetration
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 72
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 73
Groove Angle is
placed just outside
the weld symbol
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 74
Flare-Bevel &
Flare-V welds
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 79
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 80
Back Weld
Backing Weld
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 85
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 87
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 88
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 89
Plug Welds - 1 of 4
Plug Welds - 2 of 4
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 91
Plug Welds - 3 of 4
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 92
Plug Welds - 4 of 4
Slot Welds
The slot weld symbol is identical to the plug
weld symbol
All conventions for slot welds are identical
to that of plug welds except that the diameter
symbol, , is not used for slot welds
The primary difference between the two
types is the slot is an elongated hole having a
width and length rather than a diameter
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 94
Note: No symbol
is used
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 95
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 96
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 98
Seam Welds - 1 of 2
Symbol may be on either side, or straddling
reference line
Dimensioning as before; size to left of
symbol, length and pitch to right
May be specified by size or strength
May be continuous or intermittent
Number shown in parentheses above or
below weld symbol
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 100
Seam Welds - 2 of 2
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 101
Edge Welds - 1 of 3
Used to specify edge welds on edge joints and
flanged butt or flanged corner joints
Full thickness of joint members must be fused
Size to left of symbol, length and pitch to
right
May be continuous or intermittent
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 102
Edge Welds - 2 of 3
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 103
Edge Welds - 3 of 3
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 104
Stud Welds - 1 of 3
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 105
Stud Welds - 2 of 3
Stud Welds - 3 of 3
Surfacing Welds - 1 of 3
Surfacing weld symbol always on arrow side
Applies to single or multiple layers
Size (thickness) to left of symbol
Location, direction of welding in tail or a
drawing reference
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 108
Surfacing Welds - 2 of 3
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 109
Surfacing Welds - 3 of 3
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 110
Brazing Symbols - 1 of 3
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 111
Brazing Symbols - 2 of 3
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 112
Brazing Symbols - 3 of 3
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 113
NDE Symbols - 1 of 2
All conventions used are similar, if not
identical to Welding Symbols
Must be familiar with NDE abbreviations
for test methods
Supplementary symbols have slightly
different meaning
Number of tests, extent of testing must be
specified
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 114
NDE Symbols - 2 of 2
NDE Abbreviations
AET PT
ET PRT
LT RT
MT UT
NRT VT
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 116
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 117
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 118
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g So c i e t y
Module 4 - 119