Matter: Inorganic Chemistry Group 1

MATTER
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Group 1
Through completing this challenge, students will be able to:
 Identify and describe what is Matter, structure of matter and

properties of matter.
 Identify and describe the phases of matter.
 Identify and describe the Phase changes of matter.
 Identify and describe examples of physical and chemical changes.
 Identify and describe how some matter can change states if

heated or cooled.
 Answer the questions of the activity/examination given.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 MATTER is the “stuff” that makes up the
universe- everything that takes up space
and has mass is MATTER. All matter is
made up of ATOMS, which are in turn
made up of protons, neutrons and
electrons. Atoms come together to form
molecules, which are the building blocks
for all types matter.
MATTER
STRUCTURE OF MATTER
STRUCTURE OF MATTER
 ATOMS is a unit of matter, the smallest
unit of an element, having all the
characteristics of that element and
consisting of a dense, central, positively
charged nucleus surrounded by a system
of electrons.
STRUCTURE OF MATTER
PROPERTIES OF MATTER
1. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
-are characteristics that scientists can measure without
changing the composition of the sample under study, such as
mass, color, and volume(the amount of space occupied by a
sample).
2 TYPES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
 Intensive properties- are bulk properties, which means they

do not depend on the amount of matter that is present.
Examples of intensive properties include: Boiling Point,
Density, State of Matter, Color, Melting Point, Odor,
Temperature, Refractive Index, Luster, Hardness, Ductility,
malleability.
 Extensive properties- do depend on the amount of matter
that is present. An extensive property is considered additive
for subsystems. Examples of extensive properties include:
volume, mass, size, weight and length.
2. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
-describe the characteristic ability of a substance to react
to form new substances; they include its flammability and
susceptibility to corrosion.
 Examples:
-Reactivity with other chemicals, toxicity, coordination
number, chemical stability, oxidation state, heat of
combustion, etc.
“ALL SAMPLES OF PURE SUBSTANCE HAVE THE SAME

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES”
PHASES/STATES OF
MATTER
SOLID, LIQUID and GAS are the physical states that most
people know.
1. SOLIDS- a solid has a definite shape and volume because

the molecules that make up the solid are packed closely
together and move slowly. Solids are often crystalline;
examples of crystalline solids include table salt, sugar,
diamonds, and many other minerals. Solids are sometimes
formed when liquids or gases are cooled; ice is an example
of a cooled liquid which has become solid. Other examples of
solids include wood, metal, and rock at room temperature.
2. LIQUIDS- a liquid has a definite volume but takes the
shape of its container. Examples of liquids include water and
oil. Gases may liquefy when they cool, as is the case with
water vapor. This occurs as the molecules in the gas slow
down and lose energy. Solids may liquefy when they heat
up; molten lava is an example of solid rock which has
liquefied as a result of intense heat.
PHASES/STATES OF MATTER
3. GASES- a gas has neither a definite volume nor a
definite shape. Some gases can be seen and felt, while
others are intangible for human beings. Examples of
gases are air, oxygen, and helium. Earth's atmosphere is
made up of gases including nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon
dioxide.
4. PLASMA- a Plasma has neither a definite volume nor a

definite shape. Plasma often is seen in ionized gases, but
it is distinct from a gas because it possesses unique
properties. Free electrical charges (not bound to atoms
or ions) cause the plasma to be electrically conductive.
The plasma may be formed by heating and ionizing a
gas. Examples of plasma include stars,
lightning, fluorescent lights, and neon signs.
PHASES/STATES OF MATTER
PHASE CHANGES OF
MATTER
PHASE CHANGES OF MATTER
 A PHASE CHANGE is a transition of matter from one state to another.
Phase changes occur regularly in nature and can be conducted by people.
The phase in which matter exists is determined by the pressure and
temperature of its surroundings. By manipulating the pressure and
temperature, you can change the phase of the matter.
8 Types of Phase Changes
 Freezing occurs when a liquid changes to a solid.

 Melting occurs when a solid changes directly to a liquid.
 Sublimation occurs when a solid changes directly to a gas.
 Deposition occurs when a gas changes directly to a solid.
 Condensation is when a gas changes directly to a liquid.
 Vaporization happens when a liquid changes directly to a gas.
 Ionization occurs when a gas changes to plasma.
 Recombination occurs when plasma changes to gas.
PHASE CHANGES OF MATTER

CHANGES IN MATTER
 PHYSICAL CHANGES
- are changes in which no bonds are broken or formed. This
means that the same types of compounds or elements that were
there at the beginning of the change are there at the end of the
change. Because the ending materials are the same as the
beginning materials, the properties (such as color, boiling point,
etc) will also be the same. Physical changes involve moving
molecules around, but not changing them.
Some types of physical changes include:
 Changes of state (changes from a solid to a liquid or a gas and

vice versa)
 Separation of a mixture
 Physical deformation (cutting, denting, stretching)
 Making solutions (special kinds of mixtures)
CHANGES IN MATTER
 As an ice cube melts, its shape changes as it acquires the ability to flow.
However, its composition does not change. Melting is an example of a
physical change. A physical change is a change to a sample of matter in
which some properties of the material change, but the identity of the
matter does not.
 Ice Melting is a physical change.

When liquid water (H2OH2O) freezes
into a solid state (ice), it appears changed;
However, this change is only physical as
the composition of the constituent
molecules is the same.
CHANGES IN MATTER
 CHEMICAL CHANGES
- occur when bonds are broken and/or formed between molecules or
atoms. This means that one substance with a certain set of properties
(such as melting point, color, taste, etc) is turned into a different
substance with different properties. Chemical changes are frequently
harder to reverse than physical changes.
 One good example of a chemical change

is burning a candle. The act of burning
paper actually results in the formation
of new chemicals (carbon dioxide and
water, to be exact) from the burning of the wax.
CHANGES IN MATTER
 GREG JOHN GATAN
 MONALIZA V. GUMARU
 NOEL JOHN UMALLA
PROPONENTS
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!

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MATTER

 Identify and describe what is Matter, structure of matter and

 Identify and describe the phases of matter.

 Identify and describe the Phase changes of matter.

 Identify and describe examples of physical and chemical changes.

 Identify and describe how some matter can change states if

 Answer the questions of the activity/examination given.

2 TYPES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

 Intensive properties- are bulk properties, which means they

“ALL SAMPLES OF PURE SUBSTANCE HAVE THE SAME

1. SOLIDS- a solid has a definite shape and volume because

4. PLASMA- a Plasma has neither a definite volume nor a

8 Types of Phase Changes

 Freezing occurs when a liquid changes to a solid.

PHASE CHANGES OF MATTER

Some types of physical changes include:

 Changes of state (changes from a solid to a liquid or a gas and

 Ice Melting is a physical change.

 One good example of a chemical change

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