ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING

(ERP)

PRESENTED BY-
 MONALISHA KARMAKAR (02228)
 AHELEE BHATTACHERJEE (02229)
 NAWAZ AHMED (02230)
 ANIRBAN MAITY (02231)
 MD IZHAR AKHTER (02232)

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 1

 Introduction to Vizag Steel Plant
HISTORY
 Visakhapatnam Steel Plant, popularly known as Vizag Steel, is an integrated steel producer
in Visakhapatnam, India built using German and Soviet technology.

 A new company Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL) was formed on 18 February 1982. Visakhapatnam
Steel Plant was separated from SAIL and RINL was made the corporate entity of Visakhapatnam Steel
Plant in April 1982.

INFRASTRUCTURE

 Coke Ovens and Coal Chemical Plant

 Sinter plant
 Blast furnace
 Calcining and Refractory Material Plant
 Steel Melt Shop and Continuous Casting
 Light and Medium Merchant Mill
 Medium Merchant and Structural Mill
 Wire rod mill
 Steel melt shop
 THERMAL power plan

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 2

  ERP is an integrated system that allows information
to enter at a single point in the process and update a
single, shared database for all functions that directly
or indirectly depend on this information.

Enterprise system software is a multibillion-

INTRODUCTION

dollar industry that produces components
supporting a variety of business functions. IT
TO ERP investments have become the largest category
of capital expenditure in United States-based
businesses over the past decade. Though early
ERP systems focused on large enterprises,
smaller enterprises increasingly use ERP
systems.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 3

 FEATURES OF ERP

 Integrate system across locations

 Replace legacy system
 Improve business performances
 Standardize global operations
 Appease parent company/stake holders

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 4

 VARIOUS MODULES OF ERP
 HUMAN RESOURCE
 PLANNING
 INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
 REPORTING
 CRM
 SALES AND MARKETING
 FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING
 PRODUCTION

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 5

 IMPLEMENTATION OF ERP IN RINL
 The process of ERP implementation in VIZAG STEEL started
during 2003-04 after observing the successful
implementation in one of the Indian steel making companies.
Various approaches have been adopted initially for
implementing ERP. However, a systematic and globally
defined process for implementation of ERP in VIZAG steel
was adopted during 2006-07 and project is named as Project
“UKKU Sankalp” with the following objectives:
 Create enabling culture for system based working
 Seamless integration of all business functions of RINL
 VISIBILITY OF appropriate information to all stake holders
 Enable faster decision making through electronic approval
system
 Improve RINL’s ability to conduct E-business with its vendors
& customers.
 Provide Employee Self Service to access individual specific
HR information.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 6

 Servers:

 A server is a program that awaits and fulfills

requests from client programs in the same or
other computers. A given application in a
computer may function as a client with
HARDWARE USED requests for services from other programs and
also as a server of requests from other
IN THE ERP programs.

 In information technology, a server is a

computer program that provides services to
other computer programs (and their users) in
the same or other computers.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

7
 Types of Servers Used in ERP
Servers used in ERP Department at VSP APPLICATION
NAS SERVER
 1. Application Server (NETWORK DATA BASE
ATTACHED SERVER
 2. Data Base Server STORAGE)


3. Rack Mount Server
4. Web Server
SAN
(STORAGE TYPES RACE
MOUNT

OF
AREA
SERVER
 5. Blade Server NETWORK)

6. Quorum Server
SERVER


 7. Back up Server BACK UP

WEB SERVER
SERVER
 8. SAN (Storage Area Network)
 9. NAS (Network Attached Storage)
QUORUM BLADE
SERVER SERVER

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 8

  Application server is a program that handles all
application operations between users and an
organization's back end business applications or
databases.
Applications
Database server is the term used to refer to the
Server & 
back-end system of a database application using
client/server architecture. The back-end,
Database Server sometimes called a database server, performs
tasks such as data analysis, storage, data
manipulation, archiving, and other non-user
specific tasks.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ) 9

 Rack Mount & Blade Server

 A rack server, also called a rack-

mounted server, is a computer
dedicated to use as a server and
designed to be installed in a framework
called a rack. The rack contains multiple
mounting slots called bays, each
designed to hold a hardware unit
secured in place with screws.

 A blade server is essentially a single

circuit board populated with
components such as processors,
memory, and network connections that
are usually found on multiple boards.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 10

Web Server
 A Web server is a computer system that hosts websites. It runs Web server
software, such as Apache or Microsoft IIS, which provides access to hosted
webpages over the Internet.
 The primary function of a web server is to store, process and deliver web
pages to clients. The communication between client and server takes place using
the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Pages delivered are most frequently HTML
documents, which may include images, style sheets and scripts in addition to the
text content.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 11

 Proxy Servers
 A proxy server is a server (a computer system or an application) that acts as
an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers. A client
connects to the proxy server, requesting some service, such as a file, connection, web page, or
other resource available from a different server and the proxy server evaluates the request as
a way to simplify and control its complexity
 There are 2 types of proxy servers:
 Open proxy: It is a forwarding proxy server that is accessible by any Internet user. As of
2008, Gordon Lyon estimates there are "hundreds of thousands" of open proxies on the
Internet.[4] An anonymous open proxy allows users to conceal their IP address while browsing
the Web or using other Internet services.
 Reverse proxy: It is a proxy server that appears to clients to be an ordinary server. Reverse
proxies forward requests to one or more ordinary servers which handle the request. The
response from the proxy server is returned as if it came directly from the original server,
leaving the client with no knowledge of the origin servers.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 12

 SAN (storage area networks)
 A network which is created by attaching storage devices such as disk arrays and tapes to a
common server so that the storage devices appear to be confined to operating system is
known as storage area network. Three parts are there in SAN
 a. Switches
 b. Processor
 c. Storage area

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 13

Network
 A computer network, often simply referred to as a network, is a collection of
computers and devices interconnected by communications channels that facilitate
communications and allows sharing of resources and information among
interconnected devices.
 The three types of networks are: the Internet, the intranet, and the extranet.
Examples of different network methods are:
 Local area network (LAN), which is usually a small network constrained to a small
geographic area. An example of a LAN would be a computer network within a
building.
 Metropolitan area network (MAN), which is used for medium size area. Examples for
a city or a state.
 Wide area network (WAN) that is usually a larger network that covers a large
geographic area.
 Wireless LANs and WANs (WLAN & WWAN) are the wireless equivalent of the LAN and
WAN.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 14

 Network Infrastructure in RINL

 Visakhapatnam Steel Plant (VSP) presently is having IBM 3090 catering the
need of various computer applications running on it, for the entire plant.
This Mainframe computer system is associated with its SNA network for
catering the needs of mainframe connection to various units of plant. As this
system is old and outdated the entire Mainframe system is being replaced
with new computer system of open standard (i.e. client server system).

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 15

 Software used in ERP
 SAP, started in 1972 by five former IBM employees in Mannheim, Germany, states that it is the world's
largest inter-enterprise software company and the world's fourth-largest independent software
supplier, overall.
 SAP software products provide powerful instruments for helping companies to manage their
financials, logistics, human resources, and other business areas. The backbone of SAP software
offering is SAP ERP system which is the most advanced Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
system from currently available ones.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 16

 A.B.A.P
(Advanced Business Application Programming)

 Advanced business application programming (ABAP) is a 4GL application-

specific programming language developed in the 1980s by the German
software company SAP. The syntax of ABAP is somewhat similar to COBOL.
ABAP was and remains the programming language for the development and
modification of SAP applications. The widely installed R/3 system was first
released by SAP in 1992 and developed in ABAP.

 ABAP programs reside in the SAP database and are edited using the ABAP
Workbench tools. They are compiled, debugged and run within the context of
the SAP basis component, which is typically implemented as part of the SAP
Web application server.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 17

 ABAP Data Dictionary
 Data definitions (metadata) are created and managed in the
ABAP Dictionary.
 The most important object types in the ABAP Dictionary are
tables, views, types, domains, search helps and lock objects.
 Views are logical views on more than one table. The structure
of the view is defined in the ABAP Dictionary.
 The structure of a type can be defined globally in ABAP
programs. Changes to a type automatically take effect in all the
programs using the type.
 Lock objects are used to synchronize access to the same data
by more than one user.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 18

 ABAP Workbench

 ABAP Workbench is a set of programs for

developing enterprise resource management
(ERM) applications that run in the R/3 subsystem
from SAP. The latest version includes ABAP
Objects, an object-oriented programming
language. R/3 will also run programs written in the
earlier ABAP/4 language.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 19

 Transaction Codes for ABAP
Transaction code
Usage
(T-code)

/NSE22 SAP Easy Access Screen

/NSE38 SAP Editor

/NSE32 SAP Program creation

/NSE37 Function module Creation

/NSE11 ABAP Data Dictionary

/NSE21 Package builder

/NSE51 Screen Painter

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DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)
Comparison between ABAP & C language

Action ‘C’ language ABAP

Giving input at run time Scanf PARAMETERS

Getting output on screen Printf WRITE

End of the statement ; .

New line /n /
For one line comment // *
More than one line
/* */ ‘’
comment
Not equal != ><

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 21

Types of ABAP Programs
 Executable Program :
An executable program can contain all possible declarative statements. All processing blocks are possible except for function
modules.

 Function Group(Function Pool) :

A function group can contain all types of declarative statements. All processing blocks are supported except for the reporting
event blocks. They support classical dynpros as well as selection screens.

 Module Pool :
A module pool can contain all possible declarative statements. All processing blocks are supported except for the reporting
event blocks and function modules.

 Include Programs :
They are exclusively used to organize program texts into small editable units which can be inserted at any place in other ABAP
programs using the INCLUDE statement.

 Subroutine Pools :
Subroutine pools are created using the ABAP Editor and are introduced with the PROGRAM statement. Subroutine pools are
loaded by externally calling their subroutines from within other ABAP programs.

DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 22

 Types of ABAP Tables
Transparent Tables Pool Tables Cluster Tables

Contain a single table. Used to They are used to hold a large They are used to hold data
store master data number of very small from a few number of large
tables(stores customizing data tables.(stores system data)
or system data)
It has a one-to-one It has a many-to-one It has a many-to-one
relationship with a table in the relationship with a table in the relationship with table in the
database database database
For each transparent table It is stored with other pooled Many cluster tables are stored
there is one associated table in tables in a single table called in a single table in the
the database table pool in the database database called a table cluster

The database table has the The database table has The database table has
same name, same number of different name, different different name, different
fields and the fields have the
number of fields and fields number of fields and fields
same names have different names have different names
There is only a single table Table pools contain more Contains less tables than table
tables than table clusters pools
Single table can have one or Primary key of each table does Primary key of each table
more primary key not begin with same fields or begins with same fields or
fields fields
DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) 23
 ABAP Sample Program

Coding:

REPORT ZLOOPS .

do.

write / sy- index.

if sy- index eq 10.

exit.

endif.

check sy- index eq 2.

write / sy- index.

enddo.

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DR. B. C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE , DURGAPUR (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)
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