Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 64 views

    Rabies

    Uploaded by

    Winda Lira
    This document discusses rabies, its transmission, clinical forms, diagnosis, and management. Rabies virus infects humans through bites or scratches from infected animals. It has two clinical forms: furious and dumb. Diagnosis involves skin biopsies and antibody tests. Management focuses on prevention through pet vaccination and wound cleaning. For exposed individuals, post-exposure prophylaxis includes both active immunization with rabies vaccines and passive immunization with rabies immune globulin.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Rabies

    Uploaded by

    Winda Lira
    64 views10 pages
    This document discusses rabies, its transmission, clinical forms, diagnosis, and management. Rabies virus infects humans through bites or scratches from infected animals. It has two clinical forms: furious and dumb. Diagnosis involves skin biopsies and antibody tests. Management focuses on prevention through pet vaccination and wound cleaning. For exposed individuals, post-exposure prophylaxis includes both active immunization with rabies vaccines and passive immunization with rabies immune globulin.

    Original Description:

    Rabies

    Original Title

    Rabies Ppt

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses rabies, its transmission, clinical forms, diagnosis, and management. Rabies virus infects humans through bites or scratches from infected animals. It has two clinical forms: furious and dumb. Diagnosis involves skin biopsies and antibody tests. Management focuses on prevention through pet vaccination and wound cleaning. For exposed individuals, post-exposure prophylaxis includes both active immunization with rabies vaccines and passive immunization with rabies immune globulin.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    64 views10 pages

    Rabies

    Uploaded by

    Winda Lira
    This document discusses rabies, its transmission, clinical forms, diagnosis, and management. Rabies virus infects humans through bites or scratches from infected animals. It has two clinical forms: furious and dumb. Diagnosis involves skin biopsies and antibody tests. Management focuses on prevention through pet vaccination and wound cleaning. For exposed individuals, post-exposure prophylaxis includes both active immunization with rabies vaccines and passive immunization with rabies immune globulin.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    Rabies and Intradermal Rabies

    Vaccination
    Rabies virus structure

    Matrix protein
    Envelope
    Glycoprotein

    Nucleocapsid protein

    Source: http://www.cdc.gov
    Human rabies

    Photo courtesy of David Warrell, UK


    Clinical forms of rabies
    ■ encephalitic = furious
    ■ ~ 80%

    ■ paralytic = dumb
    ■ ~ 20%
    Encephalitic rabies
    ■ prodromal symptoms
    ■ paresthesias/pain/pruritus at site of bite
    ■ episodes of generalized arousal or
    hyperexcitability separated by lucid
    periods
    ■ autonomic dysfunction
    ■ hydrophobia
    DIAGNOSIS
    •There is yet no way of immediately knowing who had acquired rabies virus. No tests
    are available to diagnose rabies in humans before the onset of clinical disease.
    •The most reliable test for rabies in patients who have clinical signs of the disease is
    a DIRECT IMMUNOFLUORESCENT STUDY of a full thickness biopsy of the skin
    taken from the back of the neck above the hair line.
    •The RAPID FLUORESCENT FOCUS INHIBITION TEST is used to measure rabies-
    neutralizing antibodies in serum. This test has the advantage of providing results
    within 24 hours. Other tests of antibodies may take as long as 14 days
    Management
    PREVENTION
    • Responsible pet ownership
    a) pet immunization, esp. cats, usually starting at 3 months of age and every year thereafter
    b) don’t allow pets to roam around the streets
    c) take care of your pets, keep them in good health – bathe, feed with clean adequate food and provide clean
    sleeping quarters
    • Thoroughly clean ALL BITES AND SCRATCHES made by any animal with strong medicinal soap
    or solution.
    • Responsible awareness. Report immediately rabid or suggestive of rabies domestic or wild
    animals to proper authorities (local government clinic, veterinarians or community officials).
    • Pre-exposure to high risk individuals. Veterinarians, hunters, people in contact with animals
    (zoo), butchers, lab-staff in contact with rabies, forest rangers/caretakers.
    • DOH Standard Protocol
    • If dog is apparently healthy, observe the dog for 14 days. If it dies or show signs suggestive or rabies, consult a physician.
    • If the dog shows signs suggestive of rabies, kill the dog immediately and bring head for lab examination. Submit for
    immunization while waiting for results.
    • If the dog is not available for observation (killed, died or stray), submit for immunization.
    MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS
    ▪ Local wound treatment. Immediately wash wound with soap and water. Treat with antiseptic solutions
    such as iodine, alcohol and other disinfectants.
    ▪ Antibiotics and anti-tetanus as prescribed by physician.
    ▪ Rabies – Specific Treatment. Post-exposure treatment is given to persons who are exposed to the
    rabies virus. It consists of active immunization (vaccination) and passive immunization (immune globulin
    administration).

    ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION – aims to induce the body to develop antibodies and T-cells against rabies up to 3
    years. It induces an active immune response in 7-10 days after vaccination, which may persist for one year or
    more provided primary immunization is completed
    MEDICAL AGENT: Human Diploid Cell rabies Vaccine (HDCV)

    PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION – aims to provide IMMEDIATE PROTECTION against rabies which should be
    administered within the first 7 days of active immunization. The effect of the
    immune globulin is only short term. Rabies antibodies are introduced before it is
    physiologically possible for the patient to begin producing his own antibodies after
    vaccination. Some of the RIG is infiltrated around the site and the rest is given
    intramuscularly.
    MEDICAL AGENT: Rabies Immune Globulin (RIG)

    You might also like