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    Elektrofisiologi Jantung: Denny Agustiningsih

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    Bayu Zeva Wirasakti
    1) There are two types of cardiac muscle cells - ordinary cells that make up 95-99% and specialized cells that make up 1-5%. Ordinary cells are contractile while specialized cells are pacemaker cells responsible for electrical impulses. 2) The heart's conducting system is made up of the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node and conduction pathways that coordinate heart contractions. 3) An electrocardiogram (ECG) records the composite electrical activity of the heart detected by electrodes on the skin. It shows the P, Q, R, S and T waves representing atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization.

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    Elektrofisiologi Jantung: Denny Agustiningsih

    Uploaded by

    Bayu Zeva Wirasakti
    369 views20 pages
    1) There are two types of cardiac muscle cells - ordinary cells that make up 95-99% and specialized cells that make up 1-5%. Ordinary cells are contractile while specialized cells are pacemaker cells responsible for electrical impulses. 2) The heart's conducting system is made up of the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node and conduction pathways that coordinate heart contractions. 3) An electrocardiogram (ECG) records the composite electrical activity of the heart detected by electrodes on the skin. It shows the P, Q, R, S and T waves representing atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization.

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    ELEKTROFISIOLOGI JANTUNG

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    1) There are two types of cardiac muscle cells - ordinary cells that make up 95-99% and specialized cells that make up 1-5%. Ordinary cells are contractile while specialized cells are pacemaker cells responsible for electrical impulses. 2) The heart's conducting system is made up of the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node and conduction pathways that coordinate heart contractions. 3) An electrocardiogram (ECG) records the composite electrical activity of the heart detected by electrodes on the skin. It shows the P, Q, R, S and T waves representing atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    369 views20 pages

    Elektrofisiologi Jantung: Denny Agustiningsih

    Uploaded by

    Bayu Zeva Wirasakti
    1) There are two types of cardiac muscle cells - ordinary cells that make up 95-99% and specialized cells that make up 1-5%. Ordinary cells are contractile while specialized cells are pacemaker cells responsible for electrical impulses. 2) The heart's conducting system is made up of the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node and conduction pathways that coordinate heart contractions. 3) An electrocardiogram (ECG) records the composite electrical activity of the heart detected by electrodes on the skin. It shows the P, Q, R, S and T waves representing atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization.

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    ELEKTROFISIOLOGI

    JANTUNG
    DENNY AGUSTININGSIH
    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 2
    Two Types of Cardiac Muscle Cells

     Ordinary: Make up 95%- 99% of all heart


    muscle cells.
    Also called worker cells or contractile cells
    Biochemically similar to red skeletal muscle

    Slow to fatigue

     Specialized: make up remaining 1%-5%


    Also called autorythmic or automatic cells
     Responsible for initiation and/or transportation of

    electrical impulses through the heart


     pacemaker potential

    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 3


    The Pacemaker Cells

    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 4


    MEKANISME DEPOLARISASI DAN REPOLASASI

    +++++++++++++
    ---------------------
    stimulasi Resting state
    -/+ +/-
    ----++++++++++ ++++----------------
    +++----------------- ----+++++++++++
    Awal depolarisasi Awal repolarisasi

    -----------------------
    - Depolar karena masuknya ion
    ++++++++++++++ Ca, Na
    - Repolarisasi karena keluarnya
    Depolarisasi sempurna ion Kalium dimudahkan oleh
    parasimpatis
    K

    0
    Membrane Potential (mV)

    K out
    Ca ++ in

    +
    Threshold
    Potential

    -40 (T-type)
    Ca

    -60 Na

    Spontaneous Time (msec)


    Depolarization
    CONDUCTING SYSTEM

    Sinoatrial
    Node

    Atrioventricular
    Node

    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 7


    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 8
    Extrinsic Influences
     Autonomic nervous system: utk
    menyelaraskan denyut cor
     Hormonal influences: tiroid meningkatkan
    denyut cor
     Ionic influences
     Temperature influences: tubuh demam
    denyut cor meningkat mrangsang
    hipotalamus agar kerja cor cepat shg
    membuang panas
    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 9
    Cardiac Arrhythmias

     Tachycardia: Heart rate in excess of


    100bpm
     Bradycardia: Heart rate less than 60 bpm
     Sinus arrhythmia: Heart rate varies 5%
    during respiratory cycle and up to 30%
    during deep respiration
     Premature atrial contractions: Occasional
    shortened intervals between one
    contraction and succeeding, frequently
    occurs in healthy people
    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 10
    MYOGENIC CONDUCTION
    Cardiac myocyte action potential:

    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 12


    AP-contraction relationship:
     AP in skeletal muscle is
    very short-lived
     AP is basically over before
    an increase in muscle
    tension can be measured.

     AP in cardiac muscle is
    very long-lived
     AP has an extra component,
    which extends the duration.
     The contraction is almost
    over before the action
    potential has finished.
    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 13
    Mechanism of Cardiac Muscle Excitation,
    Contraction & Relaxation

    OCT 2008 Figure 14-11: Excitation-contraction coupling and relaxation in cardiac muscle
    DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 14
    Relative
    Refractory
    period

    Masa refraktor absolute:


    1 saat ion Ca masuk otot,
    +20 2 cor g bisa dirangsan
    tujuannya agar cor tidak
    ada fase tetani/ kejang
    0
    mV

    3
    Period of
    Absolute Supranormal
    Refractory excitability
    4 period
    -90 400
    0 100 200 300

    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 15


    Electrocardiogram (ECG)
     Composite of all action potentials of
    nodal and myocardial cells detected,
    amplified and recorded by electrodes on
    arms, legs and chest

    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 16


    EKG:

    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 17


    R

    P T

    Q
    S

    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 18


    R

    P T

    Q
    S

    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 19


    R 1 sec

    P T

    Q
    S
    0.5 Sec

    OCT 2008 DENNY AGUSTININGSIH 20

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