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    Chapter 8: Salts

    Uploaded by

    Lynn Heng
    The document discusses salts, including their definition as ionic compounds formed from the reaction of acids and bases. It describes common cations and anions in salts, and provides examples of soluble and insoluble salts. Soluble salts can be prepared through neutralization reactions, while insoluble salts require precipitation reactions. The document also discusses the physical properties of salt crystals and includes some example stoichiometric calculations involving salt preparations.

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    Chapter 8: Salts

    Uploaded by

    Lynn Heng
    100 views14 pages
    The document discusses salts, including their definition as ionic compounds formed from the reaction of acids and bases. It describes common cations and anions in salts, and provides examples of soluble and insoluble salts. Soluble salts can be prepared through neutralization reactions, while insoluble salts require precipitation reactions. The document also discusses the physical properties of salt crystals and includes some example stoichiometric calculations involving salt preparations.

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    The document discusses salts, including their definition as ionic compounds formed from the reaction of acids and bases. It describes common cations and anions in salts, and provides examples of soluble and insoluble salts. Soluble salts can be prepared through neutralization reactions, while insoluble salts require precipitation reactions. The document also discusses the physical properties of salt crystals and includes some example stoichiometric calculations involving salt preparations.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    100 views14 pages

    Chapter 8: Salts

    Uploaded by

    Lynn Heng
    The document discusses salts, including their definition as ionic compounds formed from the reaction of acids and bases. It describes common cations and anions in salts, and provides examples of soluble and insoluble salts. Soluble salts can be prepared through neutralization reactions, while insoluble salts require precipitation reactions. The document also discusses the physical properties of salt crystals and includes some example stoichiometric calculations involving salt preparations.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Chapter 8 : Salts

    What is Salt ?
    A compound produces when the hydrogen
    ion, H+ from an acid is replaced by a metal
    ion or an ammonium ion NH4+
    * All salts are ionic compound*
    Salts consist of cations (positive ions)
    originating from bases that combine with the
    anios (negative ions) originating from acids.

    NaCl
    Sodium ion, Na+, originates from Chloride ion, Cl-, originates
    base such as NaOH from acid such as HCl
    State whether the following chemical are salt or not salt..

    1. barium nitrate
    2.zinc sulphate
    3.magnesium chloride
    4.aluminium oxide
    5.carbon dioxide
    6.tin nitrate
    7.glucose
    8.ethanol
    YES YES YES..I am Salt

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
    NO NO NO..I am not Salt

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
    Soluble salt and insoluble salt
    Salt Solubility in water
    Salt of potassium, sodium All soluble in water
    and ammonium
    Salt of nitrate All soluble in water SPAN

    Salt of sulphate Mostly soluble in water except:


    (Suzan Like Cartoon Barbie) (Pb) Lead sulphate
    (Ba) Barium sulphate
    (Ca) Calcium sulphate

    Salt of chloride Mostly soluble in water except:


    (CSL) (Pb) Lead chloride
    (Ag) silver chloride
    (Hg) mercury chloride

    Salt of carbonate Mostly insoluble in water except:


    Potassium carbonate
    Sodium carbonate
    Ammonium carbonate
    Cont……
    Carbonate CO32- , oxide O2- and hydroxide OH-
    are insoluble in water , except:
    Compounds of elements in group 1 and
    ammonium.
    Calcium oxide, CaO
    Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2
    Barium Hydroxide, Ba(OH)2
    Salt/compound Solubility in Salt/compound Solubility in
    water water
    Cu(NO3)2 KOH

    MgCl2 Na2SO4

    ZnCO3 ZnCl2

    PbSO4 Fe(OH)2

    CuCL2 Zn(NO3)2

    ZnSO4 BaSO4

    AgCL CaO

    PbCl2 AgNO3

    Al(NO)3 NH4Cl
    Preparation of salt

    Soluble salts Insoluble salts


    Preparation of soluble salts
    • Soluble salts of potassium, K+ and sodium, Na+,
    ammonium NH4+can be prepared by through the
    neutralization (titration method) reaction
    between an acidic solution and alkaline solution.

    Neutralization reaction
    between acid and base.
    (titration method)
    Preparation of insoluble salt
    • Prepared through precipitation reaction.
    • Both compounds used to form the mixture must
    be soluble salts so that free-moving ions can react
    to form insoluble salt.
    • can be prepared through any of the following
    reaction:
    acid and metal oxide/metal hydroxide
    acid and metal
    acid and metal carbonate
    Write down the equation of the reaction that
    we can use to prepare:
    Zinc carbonate,
    Potassium nitrate,
    Magnesium sulphate,
    Silver chloride
    Physical characteristic of crystals
    Different geometrical shapes and size
    Geometrical shape such as cuboid, rhombic, prism.
    Flat surface, sharp corner, straight sides.
    Have fixed angles between two neighboring surfaces.

    Copper (II) sulphate Sodium hydroxide Potassium dichromate


    crystals crystals (VI) crystals
    Numerical problem involving stoichiometric
    reactions in the preparation of salts.
    Calculate the mass of zinc chloride, ZnCl2 that reacts
    with 4.25g of silver nitrate, AgNO3, in a preparation
    of preparation of insoluble salts.
    [ RAM: N:14; O:16; Cl:35.5; Zn:65; Ag:108 }

    3.45g of potassium carbonate, K2CO3 is added to


    excess copper(II) nitrate, Cu(NO3)2 solution. What is
    the mass of copper(II) carbonate, CuCO3 produced?
    [ RAM: C:12; N:14; O:16; K:39; Cu:64]

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