Traverse Calculations
Traverse Calculations
Traverse Calculations
B
Determine Directions of Sides
Use Adjusted Angles
AzBC = BackAzAB + ABC
AZAB = 14145
E D
AZBC = 32145 + 1079 = 6854
AZCD = 24854 + 10825 = 35719 9221
14538
AZDE = 17719 + 9221 = 26940 A 141 45
AZEA = 8940 + 14538 = 23518 8627 10825
Check that last angle! 1079
C
AZAB = 5518 + 8627 = 14145
B
Latitudes and Departures
Latitude = Length*Cos(Az or Bearing Angle)
Departure = Length*Sin(Az or B.A.)
B
Latitudes and Departures
Side Length Azimuth Latitude Departure
AB 315.62 14145 -247.86 195.40
eDep = 0.03
eLin eLat
2
eDep
2
eLat = 0.37
0.36 2 0.032 0.37
Relative Error
Is the linear error acceptable?
Relative Error
Relates error to total distance surveyed
Expressed as 1/xxxx
eLin 0.37 1
RE
Length 1684.11 4550
Adjust Linear Error
Transit rule
When angles are more accurate than distances
Proportion L error based on total N-S distance
Proportion Dep error based on total E-W distance
Compass Rule more common
Assumes angles are as accurate as distances
Proportion both errors based on total distance
Least-Squares
Uses square roots of sums of Lats and Deps
Typically requires computer program
Adjust Linear Error
Compass Rule
Proportion Lat, Dep error to length of side
eLat eDep
Lat Length Dep Length
Lengths Lengths
0.36
Lat AB 315.62 0.07
1684.11
0.03
Dep AB 315.62 0.006 0.01
1684.11
Adjusting Lats and Deps
Adjd Adjd
Side Length Lat Lat Dep Dep
Lat Dep
AB 315.62 -247.86 -.07 -247.93 195.40 -.01 195.39
A = b(h1+h2)
C
DMD double area
B
Area by DMD
Process follows around the boundary
DMDBC = DMDAB + DepAB + DepBC
Multiply DMD * Lat for each side
Add up = Double area
Divide total by 2
Areas by DMD
Adjd Adjd
Side DMD DMD x LAt
Lat Dep
AB -247.93 195.39 195.39 -48,443
770,326 448,975