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    GSM by Aman Teno

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    Aman
    Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is a digital cellular network standard that is widely used around the world. GSM uses narrowband time division multiple access (TDMA) to provide voice and text services over mobile networks. The document discusses the history and evolution of GSM including its development in the 1970s, standardization in the 1980s, and commercial launch in the early 1990s. It has since expanded globally and introduced new capabilities like data services and packet switching.

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    GSM by Aman Teno

    Uploaded by

    Aman
    26 views9 pages
    Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is a digital cellular network standard that is widely used around the world. GSM uses narrowband time division multiple access (TDMA) to provide voice and text services over mobile networks. The document discusses the history and evolution of GSM including its development in the 1970s, standardization in the 1980s, and commercial launch in the early 1990s. It has since expanded globally and introduced new capabilities like data services and packet switching.

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    GSM

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    Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is a digital cellular network standard that is widely used around the world. GSM uses narrowband time division multiple access (TDMA) to provide voice and text services over mobile networks. The document discusses the history and evolution of GSM including its development in the 1970s, standardization in the 1980s, and commercial launch in the early 1990s. It has since expanded globally and introduced new capabilities like data services and packet switching.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    26 views9 pages

    GSM by Aman Teno

    Uploaded by

    Aman
    Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is a digital cellular network standard that is widely used around the world. GSM uses narrowband time division multiple access (TDMA) to provide voice and text services over mobile networks. The document discusses the history and evolution of GSM including its development in the 1970s, standardization in the 1980s, and commercial launch in the early 1990s. It has since expanded globally and introduced new capabilities like data services and packet switching.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    Global system for mobile

    communication-GSM
    ABOUT THE TUTORIAL
    GSM Tutorial
    GSM is a globally accepted standard for digital cellular communications.
    GSM uses narrowband Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) for providing
    voice and text based services over mobile phone networks.
    Audience
    This tutorial has been designed for readers who want to understand the
    basics of GSM in very simple terms. This tutorial provides just about enough
    material to have a solid foundation on GSM from where you can move on to
    higher levels of expertise.
    Prerequisites
    A general awareness of some basics of telecommunications is sufficient to
    understand the concepts explained in this tutorial.

    prepared by AMAN TE22NO. contact:+251930011642 2


    Introduction
    Evolution
    GSM Network Architecture
    Network elements
    BSC architecture and operation
    BBU architecture and operation
    RRU architecture and operation
    Antenna architecture and operation
    phone-mobile
    Interfaces
    Protocols
    Channels
    Working principles and flow

    prepared by AMAN TE22NO. contact:+251930011642 3


    What is GSM?
    If you have mobile phone, then most probably you are using GSM technology in
    your mobile phone.
    GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communication. It is a digital cellular
    technology used for transmitting mobile voice and data services. The concept of
    GSM emerged from a cell-based mobile radio system at Bell Laboratories in the
    early 1970s. GSM is the name of a standardization group established in 1982 to
    create a common European mobile telephone standard. GSM is the most widely
    accepted standard in telecommunications and it is implemented globally. GSM is
    a circuit-switched system that divides each 200 kHz channel into eight 25 kHz
    timeslots. GSM operates on the mobile communication bands 900 MHz and 1800
    MHz in most parts of the world. GSM makes use of narrowband Time Division
    Multiple Access (TDMA) technique for transmitting signals. GSM was developed
    using digital technology. It has an ability to carry 64 kbps to 120 Mbps of data
    rates. GSM provides basic to advanced voice and data services including roaming
    service. Roaming is the ability to use your GSM phone number in another GSM
    network.
    GSM digitizes and compresses data, then sends it down through a channel with
    two other streams of user data, each in its own timeslot.

    prepared by AMAN TE22NO. contact:+251930011642 4


    Continues

    GSM uses TDMA and FDMA to let everybody talk.


    FDMA: 25MHz freq. is divided into 124 carrier frequencies. Each base
    station gets few of those.
    TDMA: Each carrier frequency is divided into bursts [0.577 ms]. 8
    bursts are a frame.

    prepared by AMAN TE22NO. contact:+251930011642 5


    Why GSM?

    Listed below are the features of GSM that account for its popularity
    and wide acceptance.
    Improved spectrum efficiency
    International roaming
    Low-cost mobile sets and base stations (BSs)
    High-quality speech
    Compatibility with Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) and
    other telephone company services
    Support for new services
    prepared by AMAN TE22NO. contact:+251930011642 6
    GSM History
    The important events in the rollout of the GSM system.
    1982 Conference of European Posts and Telegraph (CEPT) establishes a GSM group to widen the standards for a pan-European
    cellular mobile system.
    1985 A list of recommendations to be generated by the group is accepted.
    1986 Executed field tests to check the different radio techniques recommended for the air interface.
    1987 Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) is chosen as the access method (with Frequency Division Multiple Access [FDMA]).
    The initial Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) is signed by telecommunication operators representing 12 countries.
    1988 GSM system is validated.
    1989 The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) was given the responsibility of the GSM specifications.
    1990 Phase 1 of the GSM specifications is delivered.
    1991 Commercial launch of the GSM service occurs. The DCS1800 specifications are finalized.
    1992 The addition of the countries that signed the GSM MoU takes place. Coverage spreads to larger cities and airports.
    1993 Coverage of main roads' GSM services starts outside Europe
    Data transmission capabilities launched. The number of networks rises to 69 in 43 countries by the end of 1994.
    1995 Phase 2 of the GSM specifications occurs. Coverage is extended to rural areas.
    1996 June: 133 networks in 81 countries operational.
    1997 July: 200 networks in 109 countries operational, around 44 million subscribers worldwide.
    1999 Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) came into existence and became operational in 130 countries with 260 million
    subscribers.
    2000 General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) came into existence.
    2001 As of May 2001, over 550 million people were subscribers to mobile telecommunications.

    prepared by AMAN TE22NO. contact:+251930011642 7


    Introduction
    Evolution
    GSM Network Architecture
    Network elements
    BSC architecture and operation
    BBU architecture and operation
    RRU architecture and operation
    Antenna architecture and operation
    phone-mobile
    Interfaces
    Protocols
    Channels
    Working principles and flow

    prepared by AMAN TE22NO. contact:+251930011642 8


    Evolution
    Generation #1 Analog [routines for sending voice]
    All systems are incompatible, No international roaming
    Little capacity cannot accommodate masses of subscribers
    Generation #2 digital [voice encoding]
    Increased capacity, More security, Compatibility
    Can use TDMA or CDMA for increasing capacity
    Generation #2.5 packet-switching
    Connection to the internet is paid by packets and not by connection time.
    Connection to internet is cheaper and faster [up to 56KBps]
    The service name is GPRS General Packet Radio Services
    Generation #3
    Permanent web connection at 2Mbps, Internet, phone and media: 3 in 1
    The standard based on GSM is called UMTS.
    The EDGE standard is the development of GSM towards 3G
    prepared by AMAN TE22NO. contact:+251930011642 9

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