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    Inside The Earth

    Uploaded by

    Swamy Kurnool
    The Earth is divided into layers based on composition - the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the thinnest outermost layer and makes up less than 1% of the Earth's mass. Below the crust lies the mantle, which is 2900km thick and makes up 67% of the Earth's mass. The innermost layer is the core, which is divided into a solid inner core and liquid outer core. Convection currents in the mantle and liquid outer core drive plate tectonics and generate the Earth's magnetic field.

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    Inside The Earth

    Uploaded by

    Swamy Kurnool
    138 views18 pages
    The Earth is divided into layers based on composition - the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the thinnest outermost layer and makes up less than 1% of the Earth's mass. Below the crust lies the mantle, which is 2900km thick and makes up 67% of the Earth's mass. The innermost layer is the core, which is divided into a solid inner core and liquid outer core. Convection currents in the mantle and liquid outer core drive plate tectonics and generate the Earth's magnetic field.

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    Inside the Earth

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    Inside the Earth.ppt

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    The Earth is divided into layers based on composition - the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the thinnest outermost layer and makes up less than 1% of the Earth's mass. Below the crust lies the mantle, which is 2900km thick and makes up 67% of the Earth's mass. The innermost layer is the core, which is divided into a solid inner core and liquid outer core. Convection currents in the mantle and liquid outer core drive plate tectonics and generate the Earth's magnetic field.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    138 views18 pages

    Inside The Earth

    Uploaded by

    Swamy Kurnool
    The Earth is divided into layers based on composition - the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the thinnest outermost layer and makes up less than 1% of the Earth's mass. Below the crust lies the mantle, which is 2900km thick and makes up 67% of the Earth's mass. The innermost layer is the core, which is divided into a solid inner core and liquid outer core. Convection currents in the mantle and liquid outer core drive plate tectonics and generate the Earth's magnetic field.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Inside the Earth

    Earths Interior
    Earths interior is divided into
    layers: the crust, mantle, &
    core, based on composition.
    Although the Earths crust
    seem stable, the extreme heat
    of the Earths interior causes
    changes that slowly reshape
    the surface.

    The Crust
    Outermost layer of earth made of rock that
    forms earths outer skin
    5 to 100 km thick, average thickness is 35 km
    thinnest layer
    less than 1% of Earths mass
    Composition of crust: oxygen, silicon,
    aluminum, calcium, iron, sodium, potassium,
    magnesium

    The Crust
    Oceanic Crust
    crust beneath the oceans
    consist mainly of dense rock (basalt - dark in color)
    5-8 km thick

    Continental Crust
    crust that forms the continents
    consist mainly of less dense rock (granite - lighter in
    color)
    30 km average thickness

    Crust to Mantle
    The upper part of the mantle and the crust
    together form a rigid layer called the
    lithosphere.
    Lithos is greek for stone, 100 km thick
    made of pieces called tectonic plates

    Tectonic Plates
    The tectonic plates are pieces of the
    lithosphere that fit like pieces of a jigsaw
    puzzle and move on top of the
    asthenosphere
    May Consist of both Continental and
    Oceanic Crust

    Major tectonic plates:

    Pacific plate
    North American plate
    Cocos plate
    Nazca plate
    Antarctic Plate

    South American Plate


    Eurasian Plate
    Indian Plate
    Australian Plate

    Crust to Mantle
    The asthenosphere is a soft layer of the
    on which pieces of the lithosphere move

    mantle

    asthenes is Greek for soft or weak


    material is like warm tar and can flow slowly

    The rigid crust and


    lithosphere float on
    hot, plastic
    the

    the
    material of
    asthenosphere.

    The Mantle
    layer of rock between crust
    and
    core
    2900km thick, 67% of Earths mass
    Composition - silicon, oxygen, iron and
    magnesium
    physical conditions in mantle change because
    pressure and temperature increase with depth
    temp ranges from 870 C to 2,200C

    Convection Currents
    inside the Mantle
    Hot columns of
    mantle material
    rise slowly
    through the
    asthenosphere

    The Core
    Innermost layer of the Earth
    6800 km in diameter (3,400 km from
    outside edge of core to center of core)
    1/3 of Earths mass, 15% of its volume
    Temperature ranges from 2,000 C to
    5,000C
    Consist of 2 parts; Inner Core and Outer Core

    The Outer Core


    layer of molten metal
    (iron and nickel)
    beneath the mantle
    surrounds the inner
    core
    2,200 km thick

    The Inner Core


    dense ball of solid metal (iron and nickel)
    extreme pressure from layers above
    1200 km, from outside edge of inner core to
    center

    Earths Magnetic Field


    Currents in the liquid outer
    core force the solid inner
    core to spin
    The inner core spins inside
    the Earth at a slightly faster
    rate than the rest of the
    planet
    This movement creates the
    Earths magnetic field

    Earths Magnetic Field


    The earth acts as a
    giant bar magnet
    Earths magnetic fields
    have reversed more
    than 177 times in the
    last 85 million years

    The End

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