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    Higgs Particle: Presented By-Pragyan Phukan PHY14001

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    Pragyan Phukan
    The document discusses the Higgs particle/boson, which was theorized in the 1960s and discovered in 2012 at CERN's LHC. The Higgs boson is an elementary particle with zero spin and charge that is responsible for giving mass to other fundamental particles through interactions with the Higgs field. It decays within trillionths of a second into lighter particles like photons. The Higgs field permeates the entire universe and interacts with elementary particles, acquiring a non-zero value in the vacuum and imparting mass to gauge bosons through the Higgs mechanism.

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    Higgs Particle: Presented By-Pragyan Phukan PHY14001

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    Pragyan Phukan
    24 views21 pages
    The document discusses the Higgs particle/boson, which was theorized in the 1960s and discovered in 2012 at CERN's LHC. The Higgs boson is an elementary particle with zero spin and charge that is responsible for giving mass to other fundamental particles through interactions with the Higgs field. It decays within trillionths of a second into lighter particles like photons. The Higgs field permeates the entire universe and interacts with elementary particles, acquiring a non-zero value in the vacuum and imparting mass to gauge bosons through the Higgs mechanism.

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    The document discusses the Higgs particle/boson, which was theorized in the 1960s and discovered in 2012 at CERN's LHC. The Higgs boson is an elementary particle with zero spin and charge that is responsible for giving mass to other fundamental particles through interactions with the Higgs field. It decays within trillionths of a second into lighter particles like photons. The Higgs field permeates the entire universe and interacts with elementary particles, acquiring a non-zero value in the vacuum and imparting mass to gauge bosons through the Higgs mechanism.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    24 views21 pages

    Higgs Particle: Presented By-Pragyan Phukan PHY14001

    Uploaded by

    Pragyan Phukan
    The document discusses the Higgs particle/boson, which was theorized in the 1960s and discovered in 2012 at CERN's LHC. The Higgs boson is an elementary particle with zero spin and charge that is responsible for giving mass to other fundamental particles through interactions with the Higgs field. It decays within trillionths of a second into lighter particles like photons. The Higgs field permeates the entire universe and interacts with elementary particles, acquiring a non-zero value in the vacuum and imparting mass to gauge bosons through the Higgs mechanism.

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    Higgs Particle

    Presented byPragyan Phukan


    PHY14001

    Higgs Particles
    An elementary particle
    Higgs boson is the quantum excitation of the Higgs
    field- which is responsible for the masses of
    fundamental particles.
    The Higgs particle was named after the British
    theorist Peter Higgs who along with Robert Brout
    and Francis Englert theorised its existence in 1964.
    [Nobel Prize on December 2013]
    Although Higgs name has come to be associated
    with this theory, several researcher between 1960
    and 1972 independently developed different parts
    of it.
    On July 4, 2012 CERNs LHC discovered Higgs
    particle.

    Properties of Higgs
    Particles
    Particle Type

    Elementary

    Statistics
    Statistics
    Spin
    Spin

    Bose
    Bose -Einstein
    -Einstein
    0
    0

    Charge
    Charge
    Mass
    Mass

    0
    0e
    e
    125

    Interaction of Higgs Boson

    Higgs Boson decays into two


    photons!!!

    Higgs Boson in Standard Model


    Properties and Forces between elementary
    particles
    SM
    Gauge Symmetry
    Gauge Symmetry
    represent
    interaction between particles mediated by
    Gauge boson.
    But by around 1960, Scientists failed to
    explain masses of gauge bosons using
    Need for a
    Gauge Symmetry
    new Physics

    In (Supersymmetry)
    1962, Philip Anderson
    Symmetry

    Broken

    Missing Piece of Gauge

    Local Gauge Symmetry Breaking and


    Higgs Mechanism

    Spontaneous Symmetry
    Breaking : When all the
    terms of the lagrangian
    are invariant under the
    gauge symmetry but
    the minimum energy
    state or the vacuum
    state dont respect the
    symmetry, then the
    symmetry is said to be
    spontaneously broken.

    Higgs Mechanism: The


    Higgs mechanism is
    the way that gauge
    boson and chiral
    fermions dynamically
    acquire mass.

    The Lagrangian for complex


    scalar field is given by Local Gauge transformation :
    )=
    The Lagrangian , is not invariant
    under local Gauge
    transformation.
    To make
    the Lagrangian
    Introduce a Gauge field
    Redefine a Covariant Derivative
    invariant


    The
    U(1) local gauge invariant Lagrangian
    Potential :
    with

    Equation of a
    circle

    No
    mass
    term
    for

    Circle
    of
    Minim

    The Ball
    can
    spontanou
    sly choose
    any
    direction
    to roll
    down

    Mexican Hate Potential


    : for
    Vacuum

    The vacuum solution in terms of


    fluctuations and

    Lagrangian : ..
    OFF-Diagonal Term
    Gauge correction and
    Final Lagrangian: =
    The massive scalar which is termed as
    Higgs particle.

    HOT

    Disorderness

    COLD

    Orderness

    In the beginning of the universe, Higgs


    boson were moving and zooming around the
    universe at incredible speed.
    As universe cooled at some point Higgs
    boson frozen everywhere and filled up
    the
    entire universe.
    The particular Temperature was 4 quadrillion
    degrees. Enough for Higgs boson

    to get frozen.

    How Particles Get Their


    Masses??

    Higgs slows down the


    Particles

    Higgs slows down the


    Particles

    Higgs slows down the


    Particles

    Higgs slows down the


    Particles

    Without Higgs, we
    evaporate in a billionth of
    seconds !!!

    THANK YOU

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