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    Down Syndrome

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    Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. People with Down syndrome typically have some characteristic physical features, health issues, intellectual disabilities, and developmental delays. They require support through therapies and educational modifications. Common behaviors include tongue protrusion, hyperactivity, wandering, and aggression due to difficulties communicating. Teaching strategies like visuals, explicit instruction, hands-on learning, and modifications help students with Down syndrome learn.

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    Down Syndrome

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    181 views24 pages
    Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. People with Down syndrome typically have some characteristic physical features, health issues, intellectual disabilities, and developmental delays. They require support through therapies and educational modifications. Common behaviors include tongue protrusion, hyperactivity, wandering, and aggression due to difficulties communicating. Teaching strategies like visuals, explicit instruction, hands-on learning, and modifications help students with Down syndrome learn.

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    Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. People with Down syndrome typically have some characteristic physical features, health issues, intellectual disabilities, and developmental delays. They require support through therapies and educational modifications. Common behaviors include tongue protrusion, hyperactivity, wandering, and aggression due to difficulties communicating. Teaching strategies like visuals, explicit instruction, hands-on learning, and modifications help students with Down syndrome learn.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    181 views24 pages

    Down Syndrome

    Uploaded by

    api-324846334
    Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. People with Down syndrome typically have some characteristic physical features, health issues, intellectual disabilities, and developmental delays. They require support through therapies and educational modifications. Common behaviors include tongue protrusion, hyperactivity, wandering, and aggression due to difficulties communicating. Teaching strategies like visuals, explicit instruction, hands-on learning, and modifications help students with Down syndrome learn.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 24

    Down

    Syndrome
    Holly Turner
    11521803

    Down syndrome is
    a genetic
    condition that
    occurs in the
    fetus, caused
    when a person is
    born with an extra
    chromosome;
    chromosome 21.
    People with down
    syndrome, have
    47 chromosomes
    rather than 46.
    (Down syndrome Australia, n.d.;
    Tarantola, 2013; Welton, 2013)

    Most commonly, people with Down syndrome


    are found to have:
    some characteristic physical features
    some health and developmental challenges
    some level of intellectual disability

    (Malloy, 2014; Selikowitz, 2008, p. 28; Down Syndrome Australia, n.d., para. 4).

    (Gelbart, Griffiths, Lewontin & Miller,


    2002)

    (Buzz Quotes, 2015)

    All children with


    down syndrome
    will have some
    degree of
    intellectual
    disability.
    Although there is
    a wide variation
    in ability in
    people with
    Down syndrome,
    children with
    Down syndrome
    will develop
    slower than
    children who do
    not have an
    intellectual

    (Rutter, 2002; Selikowitz, 2008,


    p.44)

    (Selikowitz, 2008, p. 48)

    Medical Conditions
    Glue Ear

    Heart Conditions
    Respiratory problems
    Sensory Disorders
    Loss of sight
    Orthopedic problems
    Gastrointestinal problems
    (Dyke, Leonard, Bourke, Bebbington, & Bower, 2007; Selikowitz, 2008)

    Support and
    Many people with Therapy
    Children with Down

    Down syndrome will


    syndrome may become
    find speaking clearly
    frustrated because of
    difficult, and will often
    difficulty communicating,
    need speech and
    and may develop
    language therapy to
    compulsive behaviours.
    achieve this.
    Emotional and
    behavioural therapies can
    Physical therapy can
    assist these children to
    be used to help build
    avoid or prevent these
    motor skills, increase
    situations from occurring,
    muscle strength, and
    and develop better
    improve posture and
    (Down Syndrome Australia, n.d.; Eunice Kennedy
    responses.
    balance.
    Shriver National
    Institute of Child Health and
    Human Development, 2015).

    Common
    Behaviours

    - Tongue-protruding
    - Hyperactivity
    - Wandering
    Aggressive behaviou
    (Selikowitz, 2008)

    Tongueprotruding

    (Felixs mum, 2012; Smith,


    2011)

    Hyperactivity

    (Down Syndrome Indiana, n.d.; Smith,


    2012)

    Wanderin
    g

    (Global Down Syndrome


    Foundation, 2015; Mcentire,
    2013)

    Aggressive behaviour
    Aggressive behaviour by children with Down Syndrome is
    commonly an attempt by them to communicate how they are
    feeling, as their language and communication skills are not
    quite developed.
    They may be feeling:
    Frustrated
    Upset
    Bored
    Angry
    Annoyed
    (Foerch, 2015; Selikowitz, 2008)

    Children with Down Syndrome


    in the classroom
    (Down Syndrome Association of West Michigan, 2010;
    Down Syndrome Western Australia, 2009)

    Hands-on learners
    Fear of
    Work best one-on-one
    failure
    Can follow
    classroom rules and procedure
    Need time to process
    Visual learners
    one skill before
    moving
    on to
    Need help
    toanother
    remember instructions
    High teacher expectations
    Poor Memory
    They understand more than they say

    Effective teaching strategies


    for students with Down
    Visuals syndrome
    Explicit Teaching
    Experiential learners
    Making Modifications
    (Down syndrome Victoria, n.d.; Down Syndrome South Australia,
    2011)

    Visuals
    (PBIS World, 2015; Goalbook,
    2015; Do 2 Learn, n.d.)

    Explicit Teaching
    High expectations
    Scaffolding
    Step-by-Step
    Break down tasks

    Concise instructions
    Repetition
    Modelling
    Speak/ write/ draw instructions
    Clarification

    Give examples

    Experiential
    Learning

    (Down Syndrome Education International, 2015;


    Sodahead, 2009;

    Make
    Modifications
    Curriculum

    Method of teaching
    Classroom environment
    Classroom activities
    Assessments

    In My Classroom

    (Special Ed. Post, 2014).

    References
    Buzz Quotes. (2015). Down Syndrome Symptoms PDF. Retrieved from
    http://www.buzzquotes.com/down-syndrome-symptoms-pdf
    Do 2 Learn. (n.d.). Chronic Misunderstanding of Verbal Directions. Retrieved from
    http://do2learn.com/disabilities/FASDtoolbox/classroom_management
    /behavior_in_the_classroom/strategies/strat_1.htm
    Down Syndrome Association of West Michigan. (2010). Supporting the Student with Down Syndrome in
    Your Classroom. Retrieved from http://www.kcdsg.org/files/content/Supporting%20the%
    20Student%20with%20Down%20Syndrome%20in%20Your%20Classroom-Teacher%20Manual.pdf
    Down Syndrome Australia. (n.d.) What is Down syndrome? Retrieved from
    http://www.downsyndrome.org.auwhat_is_down_syndrome.html
    Down Syndrome Education International. (2015). Research. Retrieved from
    http://www.dseinternational.org/en-gb/research/
    Down Syndrome Indiana. (n.d.). Get to know: Alexis. Retrieved from
    http://www.dsindiana.org
    Down Syndrome South Australia. (2011). A Student with Down Syndrome. Retrieved from
    http://www.downssa.asn.au/__files/f/3203/A%20Student%20with%20Down%20Syndrome%202014.
    pdf
    Down Syndrome Victoria. (n.d.). Learners with Down Syndrome: A Handbook for Teaching Professionals.
    Retrieved
    from http://www.downsyndromevictoria.org.au/DSAV/Documents/Training/Learners%20with%
    20Down%20Syndrome.pdf

    Down Syndrome Western Australia. (2009). Teaching Strategies. Retrieved from


    http://dsawa.asn.au/children/education/teaching-strategies.html

    References
    Dyke, P. Leonard, H. Bourke, J. Bebbington, A. & Bower, C. (2007). Down Syndrome: Needs, Opinions,
    Wishes Study Report.
    Retrieved from http://telethonkids.org.au/media/374477/ds_now_report___a4.pdf
    Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2015). What are
    common treatments for Down syndrome? Retrieved from
    https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/down/conditioninfo/Pages/treatments.aspx
    Felixs mum. (2012). Tongue-protrusion in people with Down syndrome. In A beautiful life. Retrieved from
    http://felixsmum.blogspot.com.au/2012/08/tongue-protrusion-in-people-with-down.html
    Foerch, E. (2015). Loss is Not The End. In Excuse our Mess. Retrieved from
    http://www.excuseourmess.com/loss-is-not-the-end/
    Gelbart, W.M., Griffiths, A.J., Lewontin, R.C., & Miller, J.H. (2002). Modern Genetic Analysis, Integrating
    Genes and Genomes: The Structure of Genes and Genome (2nd ed.). New York: W.H Freeman and
    Company.
    Global Down Syndrome Foundation (2015). Down Syndrome: Misconceptions vs. Reality. Retrieved from
    http://www.globaldownsyndrome.org/about-down-syndrome/misconceptions-vs-reality/
    Goalbook. (2015). Visual Cue Cards. Retrieved from
    https://goalbookapp.com/toolkit/strategy/visual-cue-cards
    Hadro, M. (n.d.). Portrait of a man with down syndrome. In How one CEO sees unrealized potential in special
    needs kids. Retrieved from http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/a-ceos-take-on-unlocking-thepotential-of-special-needs-kids-18803/

    Malloy, R. (2014). Birth-to-Three to Early Childhood Program Transition (age 33 37 months).


    Retrieved from
    http://penfieldbuildingblocks.org/2014/08/birth-three-early-childhood-program-transition-age-33-3
    7-months

    References
    Mcentire, B. (2013). Kindergarten Girl with Down Syndrome Running Through School Halls. Retrieved from
    http://www.stocksy.com/12026
    PBIS World. (2015). Individual and Visual Schedules. Retrieved from
    http://www.pbisworld.com/tier-2/individual-visual-schedules/
    Rutter, S. (2002). Downs Syndrome. In Understanding Intellectual Disability & Health. Retrieved from
    http://www.intellectualdisability.info/diagnosis/downs-syndrome/
    Selikowitz, M. (2008). Down Syndrome: The Facts (3rd ed.). New York City, NY: Oxford University Press
    Smith, R. (2011). Think Babies Born With Down Syndrome Arent Smart? Think Again!
    Retrieved from http://noahsdad.com/smart-babies-down-syndrome/
    Smith, R. (2012). Were Thankful For Noahs Biggest Fans: Supportive Grandparents! Retrieved from
    http://noahsdad.com/supportive-grandparents/
    Sodahead. (2009). What are your views on discrimination to children with Down's syndrome in the public
    schoolsystem and day cares? Retrieved from http://www.sodahead.com/living/what-are-your
    -views-on-discrimination-to-children-with-downs-syndrome-in-the-public-school-system/question
    -612917/?link=ibaf&q=&esrc=s
    Special Ed. Post. (2014). School Celebrates Down Syndrome Day. Retrieved from
    http://specialedpost.org/tag/down-syndrome-activist/
    Tarantola, A. (2013). Scientists May Have Found A Genomic Off Switch For Down's Syndrome. Retrieved
    from
    http://
    www.gizmodo.com.au/2013/07/scientists-may-have-found-a-genomic-off-switch-for-downs-syndrome/
    Welton, R. (2013). Socialization of Teens with Down Syndrome. Retrieved from
    http://www.livestrong.com/article/560559-socialization-of-teens-with-down-syndrome/

    QUESTION
    S

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