Marine Action To Care
Marine Action To Care
OPULER S
CIENCE
EDUCATIO
N
LEARNING
EVALUATI
ONS
LEARNING
EVALUATIONS
N
O
I
T
C
U
D
O
R
T
IN
e
b
o
t
t
h
g
u
o
h
t
e
r
a
s
Field visit
g
in
n
r
a
le
n
io
t
a
c
u
d
e
important marine
d
e
s
a
-b
e
m
o
tc
u
o
t
u
b
,
experiences
is
y
g
o
g
a
d
e
p
is
th
t
u
o
b
research a
limited.
N
O
I
T
C
U
D
O
R
T
IN
s
a
ll
e
w
s
a
,
e
c
n
Direct reef experie
l
a
t
n
e
m
n
o
ir
v
n
e
in
student changes
l
a
ic
g
lo
o
c
e
d
n
a
,
s
e
d
u
knowledge, attit
s
a
w
n
io
t
c
a
re
u
t
intention toward fu
investigated.
N
O
I
T
C
U
D
O
R
T
IN
The
combination
outdoor
of
experience
classroom
had
the
and
most
,
e
g
d
le
w
o
n
k
l
ta
n
e
impact on environm
e
c
n
ie
r
e
p
x
e
f
e
re
while the outdoor
in
t
if
h
s
e
iv
it
s
o
p
t
elicited the larges
t.
c
a
to
n
io
t
n
e
t
in
l
a
ic
attitudes and ecolog
marine
environment
for
(2004)
decreasing
conservation
experience.
trend
behavior
Even
of
self-reported
with
though
increased
experiential
values
concerning
knowledge,
S
D
O
H
T
E
M
logy
o
d
o
h
t
e
al m
t
n
e
m
i
r
e
xp
e
i
s
a
u
gn
i
q
s
e
d
A
l
a
t
n
rime
e
p
st
x
e
e
t
e
t
v
s
i
t
o
a
p
t
i
d
t
- an
e
r
Quan
p
e
z
i
l
i
t
to u
d
e
d
i
c
e
d
it was
surveys.
e
tion
h
a
t
l
n
u
i
p
s
o
t
n
p
a
icip
t
r
a
Study
p
9
8
3
a l of
t
o
t
a
e
r
e
There w
study.
ve
i
t
a
t
i
l
a
u
Q
Interviews
Approach
EXPERIMENT
AL DESIGN
SURVEY
SURVEY
QUESTIONAR
QUESTIONAR
EE
9
Knowledge or
Enviromental
Issues
5
Attitudes
5
Actions
Research Orientation
Cronbachs alpha co-effi cient computed the internal consistenc
of the pre- and post-test. Pre- and post-test responses greater tha
0.7 indicated reliability.The pre- and post-test responses were
0.830 and 0.839.
Qualitative
Approach
Qualitative interviews :
are very widely used in the
context
of
quantitative
research
projects
and
generated
additional
perspectives
and
insights
about students environmental
The interview questions
learning. :
were specifi c and consistent and
created a basic understanding of
meanings derived from reef
experiences.
Interviews
LIMITATIONS
Research Methodology
The classroom presentations were only 50
minutes with a single 50-minute, reefmonitoring experience, so the interventions
were not fully developed temporally.
Consistency
was
major
aim,
but
from
school
to
school.
These
Students
environmental
knowledge,
attitudes,
and
ecological intention to act were
significantly and directly correlated
to previous reef experience.
Previous experiences of reefs,
camping, and snorkeling correlated
strongly to knowledge and intention
to act responses.