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    Sakhtiswaran Rajasekar, 5 YEAR, 2010

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    wlshakespeare
    Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs. It is characterized by a prolonged cough, sputum production, weight loss, fever and night sweats. One third of the world's population is infected with TB, with over 9 million new cases and nearly 2 million deaths annually, making it the leading cause of death from an infectious disease. While only 10-20% of infected individuals become sick, untreated cases are fatal in over 50% of individuals, and an untreated patient can infect 10-12 people per year.

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    Sakhtiswaran Rajasekar, 5 YEAR, 2010

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    wlshakespeare
    678 views26 pages
    Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs. It is characterized by a prolonged cough, sputum production, weight loss, fever and night sweats. One third of the world's population is infected with TB, with over 9 million new cases and nearly 2 million deaths annually, making it the leading cause of death from an infectious disease. While only 10-20% of infected individuals become sick, untreated cases are fatal in over 50% of individuals, and an untreated patient can infect 10-12 people per year.

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    Tuberculosis

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    Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs. It is characterized by a prolonged cough, sputum production, weight loss, fever and night sweats. One third of the world's population is infected with TB, with over 9 million new cases and nearly 2 million deaths annually, making it the leading cause of death from an infectious disease. While only 10-20% of infected individuals become sick, untreated cases are fatal in over 50% of individuals, and an untreated patient can infect 10-12 people per year.

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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    678 views26 pages

    Sakhtiswaran Rajasekar, 5 YEAR, 2010

    Uploaded by

    wlshakespeare
    Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs. It is characterized by a prolonged cough, sputum production, weight loss, fever and night sweats. One third of the world's population is infected with TB, with over 9 million new cases and nearly 2 million deaths annually, making it the leading cause of death from an infectious disease. While only 10-20% of infected individuals become sick, untreated cases are fatal in over 50% of individuals, and an untreated patient can infect 10-12 people per year.

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    SAKHTISWARAN RAJASEKAR, 5TH YEAR, 2010

     Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused


    by mycobacterium tuberculosis/m.bovis, mainly
    affecting the lungs causing PTB and also affects
    other parts of the body causing EPTB.
     It is characterized by cough lasting more than 3
    weeks and not responding to usual antibiotics,
    production of sputum sometimes blood stained,
    temperature and night sweats, weight loss.
     A third of the world's population are thought to
    be infected with M. tuberculosis.
     In 2007 there were an estimated 13.7 million
    chronic active cases, 9.3 million new cases, and
    1.8 million deaths
     TB is the leading cause of death from a single
    infection in adults.
     1 in 10 to 1 in 20 of the people infected with TB
    actually get sick.
     If untreated, fatal in over 50% of cases.
     Untreated patients infect 10-12 people on a
    yearly basis.
     TB has been around since prehistoric times,
    Found in ancient mummies
     Are rod shaped(bacilli) and sometimes they
    exhibit filamentous forms resembling fungal
    mycelium and hence they are so named.
     Gram positive
     Non-motile, non-capsulated, non sporing
     Are acid fast bacilli
     Very slow growing
     This genus includes over 50 species
    Transmission –air droplets, food/milk,
    through skin
    Forms or Primary TB:
     TB intoxication (TBI) as an independent
    disease (5%).
     Primary TB complex (PTBC) (25%).
     TB of intrathoracic lymph-nodes
    (TBITLN) (70%).
     paleness of the skin integument .
     poorly developed subcutaneous fat.
     node erythema (local consolidation of the skin with
    cyanotic discoloration and large dermal papules).
     Phlyctenular Keratoconjunctiviti, conjunctivitis,
    blepharitis
     micropolyadenitis (increased, feebly tender, movable
    peripheral lymph-nodes).
     enlarged liver,
     splenic hyperplasia.
     quick pulse
    No evident TB intrathoracic
    lesions. except paraspecific
    reactions:
    - increased periradical lung
    pattern (congestion)
    - slight lung field fogging
    (pleural reaction)
     Pneumonic stage – onset of the disease when
    clinical manifestations are at the height.
     Bipolar stage –clinical manifestation
    regression in 2-3 months after onset.
     Consolidation stage – lung affection
    capsulizing without clinical symptoms.
     Ossification stage – Ghon’s focus formation.
     Post-primary tuberculosis is a reinfection
    tuberculosis (RT) in adults

    -limitation to the lung;


    -progression with caseous sloughing;
    -intrabronchial spread;
    -cavity formation.
     Cavity TB- the caseous necrosis may be absorbed or it erodes
    into a bronchus and is coughed out leaving behind a cavity
     Fibrocaseous TB/ Tuberculoma- Fibrosis causes restriction of
    the size of the caseous necrosis resulting in the formation of
    solid nodules called fibrocaseous tuberculosis.
     Tuberculous Bronchopneumonia- the caseous material may
    spread in the bronchi and surrounding structures producing
    bronchopneumonia.
     Caseous Pneumonia- when reaction spreads from alveolus to
    alveolus across the pulmonary acini, a large focus of
    consolidation by caseous necrosis occurs.
     Miliary TB- hematogenous spread causing miliary TB.

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