Evs Unit-3
Evs Unit-3
Evs Unit-3
NATURAL
RESOURCES
Forest
Resources
Water Resources
Mineral Resources
Food Resources
Energy resources
Land resources
Definition :
Natural
1.Renewable resources
2.Non-renewable resources
2.Non-renewable resources
Cannot
be regenerated
Ex: minerals, coal, oil, natural gas, ground
water.
FOREST RESOURCES
Forest
Types
1.
2.
3.
of forests:
Evergreen forests
Deciduous forests.
Coniferous forests.
1. Evergreen forests
ex: the silent valley in Kerala
Important trees- Teal, rosewood.
2. Deciduous forests
a) Tropical deciduous forests teak, sandalwood.
b) Temperature deciduous forests
3. Coniferous forests
Ex: pine tree, spruce tree.
Functions of forests
1.Forests perform very important functions both to
humans and to nature.
2.habitats- plants, animals, and wildlife.
3. Recycle rainwater and remove pollutants from
air.
4. Control water quality and quantity.
5.Moderate temperature and weather and maintain
humidity.
etc.,
Gums, resins, dyes ,etc.,
Medicines and drugs.
Honey, ivory.
Mining, grazing, dams
Ecological uses
Production
Reducing
Soil
of oxygen
global warming
conservation
Regulation
Pollution
Wildlife
of hydrological cycle
moderators
habitat
Aesthetic value
Bamboo
Plants
food.
Medicines
Aromatic
cooking.
, alcoholic drinks.
Touristic value
Ecotourism
DEFORESTATION
Definition:
Causes of Deforestation
Developmental
projects.
i) Through submergence of forest area
underwater
ii) Destruction of forest area
Examples: big-dams, hydroelectric projects, road
construction etc.
Mining
operations
EX: Mica, coal, manganese, limestone.
Raw materials for industries
Ex: boxes, furniture's, plywood, matchboxes, pulp,.
Fuel requirements
Shifting cultivation
Forest fires
Soil erosion
Loss of biodiversity
Unemployment problems
Conservation of forests
New
CASE STUDIES
Timber
Extraction
Mining
Dams
Uses of timber
Timber
Mining
Types of mining
Surface
mining-shallow deposits
Underground mining-
processing
Extraction and purification of minerals
Effects of mining
Mining
WATER RESOURCES
Water
Hydrological cycle
Evaporation
Condensation
and precipitation
Transpiration
and respiration
Surface water
The
Non
floods
A flood
Effect of floods
Due
by dams or reservoirs
Channel management and embankments also control the
floods.
Flood hazard may also be reduced by forecasting or flood
warning.
drought
Drought
Types of drought
Meteorological
Hydrological
Agricultural
drought
drought
drought
Socio-economic
drought
Causes of drought
When
Effects of drought
Drought
through use
a) international conflicts
India-pakistan->Indus
Mexico- USA->Colorado river
Iran iraq -> Shatt-al- Arab water.
India- Bangladesh-> Bhramaputra river.
b)
National conflicts
Sharing of Cauvery water- Karnataka&
Tamil nadu.
Sharing of Krishna water- Karnataka &
Andhra Predesh.
Sharing of Siruveni water Tamil nadu&
Kerala.
power generation
Dams are built across the rivers
Conflict through pollution
Production of electricity and shipping
Rivers and lakes are also used for industrial
purpose.
Disposing of waste water and industrial rubbish
MINERAL RESOURCES
Minerals
biological processes
Mineral deposits are found due to the biological
decomposition of dead animals and organic
matters.
Minerals deposits are also formed due to the
concentration of minerals during cooling of molten
rock.
Mineral deposits are also formed due to
evaporation of sea water.
Classification of mineral
resources
Identified
resources
Undiscovered
Reserves
resources
3.Generation
Classification of minerals
Minerals
II).Based
on Usage
Critical minerals- iron, aluminium, copper
and gold.
Strategic minerals- manganese, cobalt,
platinum and chromium
Iron
Coal
Manganese
Copper
Gold
Aluminium
Tin
Chromium
Limestone
Mica
Monazite
Petroleum
Lead and zinc
Precious stones
Magnesite
gypsum
Environmental effects
Most
Types of mining
a)
Surface mining
b)Underground mining
i)Open-pit mining
ii)Dredging
iii)Strip mining
Environmental damage
Devegetation
Groundwater
contamination
Surface
Air
water pollution
pollution
Subsidence
of land
Over
Over
Over
Modernization
Search
Re-use
Case studies
Mining
India covering-Gujarat,
Rajasthan, Haryana, Delhi.
The hill region is very rich in biodiversity as
well as mineral resources.
The sariska tiger reserve, in Aravalli series, is
very rich in wildlife and has enormous
mineral reserves like quartzite, marble and
granite.
Extraction
of Aluminium
Food Resources
Food
nutrition
Malnutrition
Modern agriculture:
Damage to soil
Water contamination
Water scarcity
Global climate change
Water logging-results when soil is over irrigated
Soil salinity-increase plant productivity, interferes with water uptake by plants
Fossil fuels and pesticides produce air pollution
Impacts related to high yielding varieties:
Monoculture ie the same genotype is grown over vast areas. Disease spread
easily
Micronutrient imbalance e.g Zinc deficiency-affect soil productivity