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    Special Construction Methods and Techniques

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    arun77c
    This document discusses different types of bridges and their key components. It describes the different structural forms that bridges can take including beam, arch, cantilever, truss, suspension, and cable-stayed. Factors that influence bridge type selection are discussed such as span length, material, and site conditions. The bridge design process is also summarized with steps like preliminary design, final design, and construction.

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    Special Construction Methods and Techniques

    Uploaded by

    arun77c
    22 views30 pages
    This document discusses different types of bridges and their key components. It describes the different structural forms that bridges can take including beam, arch, cantilever, truss, suspension, and cable-stayed. Factors that influence bridge type selection are discussed such as span length, material, and site conditions. The bridge design process is also summarized with steps like preliminary design, final design, and construction.

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    This document discusses different types of bridges and their key components. It describes the different structural forms that bridges can take including beam, arch, cantilever, truss, suspension, and cable-stayed. Factors that influence bridge type selection are discussed such as span length, material, and site conditions. The bridge design process is also summarized with steps like preliminary design, final design, and construction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    22 views30 pages

    Special Construction Methods and Techniques

    Uploaded by

    arun77c
    This document discusses different types of bridges and their key components. It describes the different structural forms that bridges can take including beam, arch, cantilever, truss, suspension, and cable-stayed. Factors that influence bridge type selection are discussed such as span length, material, and site conditions. The bridge design process is also summarized with steps like preliminary design, final design, and construction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 30

    Special Construction

    Methods and Techniques


    What is Special Construction?
    High Rise
    Bridges
    Tunnels
    Dams & Embankments
    Harbours, ports & jetties
    Air ports and air fields
    Terminals and storage facilities

    Bridge is the KEY ELEMENT
    in a Transportation System
    What is a Bridge?
    Structures for Transportation
    Beauty can be
    expressed in the
    structural efficiency,
    simplicity, and
    repetition of a bridge.
    Millau Viaduct, France
    Substructure

    Foundation (Pile/Spread footing)
    Pier (Column)
    Abutment
    Superstructure

    Any structure above bearing
    Wearing surface
    Bridge Components
    Bridge Components
    Bridge Components
    Bridge Planning
    Traffic Studies
    Hydro technical Studies
    Geotechnical Studies
    Environmental Considerations
    Alternatives for Bridge Type
    Economic Feasibility
    Bridge Selection and Detailed Design

    Span>6m Bridge
    Span<6m Culvert



    Short span : 6-30m
    Medium span: 30-100m
    Long span: >100m
    Bridge Span Length
    Steel Concrete Timber
    Hybrid Stone/Brick FRP
    Pedestrian Highway Railroad
    Short Medium Long
    Slab Girder Truss Arch
    Suspension Cable-Stayed
    Material
    Usage
    Span
    Structural
    form
    Types of Bridges
    Electric Wharf
    Footbridge, UK
    London Millennium Footbridge, UK
    Pedestrian Bridges
    The Forth Railway Bridge,
    Scotland
    Thames Ditton Railway bridges
    Railway Bridges
    Basic types based on
    structural form:

    Arch
    Beam
    Cantilever
    Truss
    Cable Stayed
    Suspension
    Types of Bridges
    Types of Bridges
    Arch Bridge
    oldest types of bridges with great natural
    strength.

    Load carried outward along the curve of
    the arch to abutments


    Beam/Girder Bridge
    The most basic type of bridge

    Typically consists of a beam simply
    supported on each side by a support and
    can be made continuous later

    Typically inexpensive to build
    Types of Bridges
    Beam/Girder Bridge
    Currently, most of the beam bridges
    are precast (in case of RC and PC) or
    prefabricated
    Most are simply-supported
    Some are made continuous on site
    Simply
    supported
    Cantilever
    Continuous
    Types of Bridges
    Cantilever Bridge
    Constructed out from the pier in two
    directions

    Weight on both sides counterbalance
    each other

    Larger section at the support to resist
    the negative moments
    Types of Bridges
    Truss Bridge
    Straight elements

    Small elements together support a
    large load and large span

    Typical Span lengths: 40m-500m
    Types of Bridges
    Suspension bridge needs to have very
    strong main cables

    Cables are anchored at the abutment
    Suspension Bridges
    Types of Bridges
    Types of Bridges

    Cable-stayed Bridge

    Forces transferred from the deck
    through the cables to the pylon

    Roadway deck can be :
    Concrete Box Deck
    Steel Box Deck
    Steel Truss Deck


    MOVEABLE
    Swing

    Central span turned 90 degrees on pivot
    pier placed in middle of waterway

    Double swing possible
    BRIDGE ACROSS SHATT-AL-ARAB, IRAQ
    Vertical Lift
    Central span extends between two towers

    Balanced by counterweights

    Variation of this type is bridge over Shatt-
    al-arab River in IraqRoadway sinks into
    water to allow ships to pass over it
    Vertical lift Baltimore
    (Pratt) through-truss
    railroad bridge
    GUIABA RIVER AT
    PORTO ALEGRE,
    BRAZIL
    Vertical Swing

    Bailey
    Small truss bridge made in sections

    Assembled on shore

    Pushed out from shore to cover span

    Transportable to new sites
    Span length
    Bridge length
    Beam spacing
    Material available
    Site conditions (foundation, height, apace constraints)
    Speed of construction
    Aesthetics
    Cost
    Access for maintenance
    Which Type?
    Selection of a Bridge Type by Span
    Lengths
    Project Scope
    Location/Survey
    Final Design
    Construction
    Preliminary Design
    Bridge Design Process
    Function (To bridge or not? Replace or remove?)
    Who is User?
    Where is best spot?

    Many decisions.
    Project Funding and
    Scope finalized.
    Plans, Specs,
    Estimates.

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