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    Behavior Shaping

    Uploaded by

    VivekSharma
    This document discusses different behavior modification techniques used to help children overcome fear and anxiety related to dental treatment. It describes behavior shaping, which uses reinforcement to change inappropriate behaviors. Three key techniques are then outlined: 1) Desensitization works to remove fears by teaching relaxation and gradually exposing children to more stimulating elements, 2) Modeling allows children to observe appropriate behaviors in others, and 3) Contingency management modifies behavior through use of positive or negative reinforcers like praise or withdrawal of an aversive stimulus. The Tell-Show-Do technique is also explained as a popular method that involves explaining, demonstrating, and then performing a procedure.

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    Behavior Shaping

    Uploaded by

    VivekSharma
    91 views18 pages
    This document discusses different behavior modification techniques used to help children overcome fear and anxiety related to dental treatment. It describes behavior shaping, which uses reinforcement to change inappropriate behaviors. Three key techniques are then outlined: 1) Desensitization works to remove fears by teaching relaxation and gradually exposing children to more stimulating elements, 2) Modeling allows children to observe appropriate behaviors in others, and 3) Contingency management modifies behavior through use of positive or negative reinforcers like praise or withdrawal of an aversive stimulus. The Tell-Show-Do technique is also explained as a popular method that involves explaining, demonstrating, and then performing a procedure.

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    Description of behavior shaping by VIVEK SHARMA (RUNGTA COLLEGE OF DENTAL SCIENCE & REASERCH)

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    This document discusses different behavior modification techniques used to help children overcome fear and anxiety related to dental treatment. It describes behavior shaping, which uses reinforcement to change inappropriate behaviors. Three key techniques are then outlined: 1) Desensitization works to remove fears by teaching relaxation and gradually exposing children to more stimulating elements, 2) Modeling allows children to observe appropriate behaviors in others, and 3) Contingency management modifies behavior through use of positive or negative reinforcers like praise or withdrawal of an aversive stimulus. The Tell-Show-Do technique is also explained as a popular method that involves explaining, demonstrating, and then performing a procedure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    91 views18 pages

    Behavior Shaping

    Uploaded by

    VivekSharma
    This document discusses different behavior modification techniques used to help children overcome fear and anxiety related to dental treatment. It describes behavior shaping, which uses reinforcement to change inappropriate behaviors. Three key techniques are then outlined: 1) Desensitization works to remove fears by teaching relaxation and gradually exposing children to more stimulating elements, 2) Modeling allows children to observe appropriate behaviors in others, and 3) Contingency management modifies behavior through use of positive or negative reinforcers like praise or withdrawal of an aversive stimulus. The Tell-Show-Do technique is also explained as a popular method that involves explaining, demonstrating, and then performing a procedure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    BEHAVIOR SHAPING

    It involves the use of selected reinforcers that being


    learned with hopefully change a childs behavior
    from an inappropiate to an appropiate form.It is
    based on the stimulus response theory and
    principes of social learning.
    For example When the child enter the reception
    room and associates this with a previous dental
    experiences which was unpleasant,the childs
    internal response is fear and anxiety while the
    external response would be crying.
    BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION
    INVOLVES THREE TECHNIQUES
    1. Desensitization
    2. Modeling
    3. Contingency management
    DESENSITIZATION
    It is also known as reciprocal inhibition.
    Joseph wolpe (1975) used to remove fears
    and tension in children who have had
    previous unpleasant dental experience or
    negative behavior.
    Desensitization is accomplished by teaching
    the children a competing response such as
    relaxation and the introducing progressively
    more threatening stimuli.

    It ia an effective method for reducing a
    maladaptive behavior.
    Systemic desensitization is effective because
    the patient learn to substitute an appropriate
    or adaptive emotional response (relaxation)
    for an inapropriate or maladaptive response
    anxiety
    TELL-SHOW-DO
    Introduced by addleslon (1959).
    Method popularly used nowadays for
    modifying the behavior by desensitization in
    children is TELL-SHOW-DO technique.
    In this technique the child is told about the
    treatment showed the instrument and than
    the treatment is actually performed.Thus a
    child who requires a restoration is told that
    his teeth are to be brushed and cleaned.

    While taking radiographs the x-ray machine is
    introduced as a camera that takes the photo
    of the teeth.
    TELL-SHOW-DO technique needs to be
    modified while treating a child who is visually
    impaired.TELL-SMELL-DO or TELL-TOUCH-
    DO should be used.
    This is effective in children more than 3 years
    of age.
    MODELING
    Introduced by Bandura (1969).
    This procedure involves,allowing a patient to
    observe one or more individuals (model) who
    demostrate appropriate behavior in a
    particular situation.The patient will frequently
    imitate the models behavior when placed in a
    similar situation.
    MODEL CAN BE -
    A. LIVE
    B. FILMED
    C. POSTERS
    D. AUDIOVISUAL AIDS
    CONTINGENCY MANAGEMENT
    It is a method of modifying the behavior of
    children by presentation or withdrawal of
    reinforcers.
    These reinforcers can be
    A) Positive reinforcer It is the one whose
    contingent presentation increases the
    frequency of behavior (Henry W Fields,1984)
    B) Negative reinforcer It is the one whose
    contingent withdrawal increases the
    frequency of behavior (stokes and
    kenndy,1980)
    Negative reinforcer is usually a termination of
    an aversive stimulus . E.g withdrawal of the
    mother.
    TYPES OF REINFORCEMENTS :-
    Social e.g positive facial
    expression,praise,holding hand,physical contact by
    shaking hand and patting shoulder or back.
    Material May be given in the form of
    toys,games.sweets are not given as reward since it
    causes caries.
    Activity reinforcers Involving the child in some
    activity like watching television show/special
    programmes with him.For the benefits of
    contingency management social reinforcers are the
    most effective,

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