Presentation On Inflorescence
Presentation On Inflorescence
Presentation On Inflorescence
INFLORESCENCE
INFLORESCENCE
A group of flowers which are variously clustered together is called inflorescence. The axis of the inflorescence is called peduncle.
RACEMOSE CYMOSE
a) Simple Raceme
Racemose inflorescence in which the peduncle grows indefinitely and the pedicellate flowers arranged in an acropetal succession Eg: Crotalaria
b) Spike
Racemose inflorescence in which the sessile flowers are arranged in an acropetal succession
c) Catkin
Pendulous spike with unisexual flowers. Also called amentum. Eg: Acalypha, Morus, etc.
d) Spadix
Spike with a fleshy axis, which is enclosed by brightly coloured bracts, called spathe, as in banana, palms, anthurium etc.
e) Corymb
Here the main axis is comparatively short, and older flowers have much longer pedicel than the younger ones.
All flowers are brought to the same level. Eg: Caesalpinia
f) Umbel
Racemose inflorescence in which peduncle is shortened. The pedicellate flowers arise from the tip of the peduncle in centripetal succession. In the umbel, there is an involucre of bracts seen at the apex of peduncle.
Eg: Biophytum
g) Head or Capitulum
Peduncle becomes modified into receptacle and may be flat, convex, or conical in shape, on which the small sessile flowers are arranged in centripetal succession. The flowers in the head inflorescence are called florets
2. Cymose Inflorescence
In this inflorescence, the main axis or peduncle ends in a flower. Further growth of the axis is carried out by one or more branches. Each branch ends in a flower. In this way, the successive branches end in flowers. So the older flowers are seen at the top and younger flowers are arranged laterally towards the base. This type of development is called basipetal succession. Sometimes the flowers are arranged in a centrifugal manner(older flowers at the centre and younger flowers towards periphery.
a) Simple Cyme
From the axis, two lateral branches opposite to one another develops.
Each branch ends in flowers. Thus the inflorescence with three flowers, of which older one is at the top, and younger ones are towards lateral branches. Eg: Jasminum
b) Monochasial Cyme
It is a Cymose inflorescence. Differs from dichasial cyme in having a solitary lateral branch developed only at one side of the peduncle. It is of 2 types.
Helicoid Cyme: Successive lateral branches are developed only on one side of the peduncle. Eg: Hamelia Scorpioid cyme: Successive lateral branches are developed alternately on both sides of peduncle. Eg: Heliotropium
c) Dichasial Cyme
In this, Peduncle terminate in an older flower. The peduncle develops two lateral branches which arises from the axil of the bract of the oldest terminal flower. The lateral branch develops into simple cyme composed of three flowers. Eg: Dianthus
d) Polychasial Cyme
In this the peduncle ends in flower. From the peduncle two or more lateral branches develop that ends in flowers. Each lateral branch may be branched once or several times. Eg: Viburnum
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