Cce-Edusat Session For Computer Fundamentals

CCE-EDUSAT SESSION FOR COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS
Date : 23.08.2007 Session : I Topic : Introduction To computers Faculty : Annapurna P Patil Department of CSE M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology Bangalore E mail: annapurnap2@msrit.edu annapurnap2@yahoo.com

Course Co-ordinator Dr V K Ananthashayana Department of Computer Science and Engineering, M S Ramaiah Institute Of Technology Bangalore-54
CONTENTS
Overview Introduction to Computers Characteristics of Computers History/Evolution Generation Of Computers
Overview
UNIT-1
Introduction to Computers Classification of computers Applications of Computers Number Systems, Number Conversions, Logic Gates
Overview
UNIT-II
Computer Organization Memory Units Input Devices Output Devices
contd..
Overview
UNIT-III
Introduction To Computer Software Operating system Problem solving Techniques Computer Programming languages Computer Threats
contd..
Overview
UNIT-IV
Office automation Tools MS Word Excel MS PowerPoint MS Access
contd..
Overview
UNIT-V
Network Fundamentals Internet Net Surfing/Net Browsing
contd..
CONTENTS
Overview Introduction to Computers
Characteristics of Computers History/Evolution Generation Of Computers
Introduction To Computers
Definition:
Its an electronic Device that is used for information Processing. Computer.. Latin word.. compute Calculation Machine
A computer system includes a computer, peripheral devices, and software
Accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output Input refers to whatever is sent to a Computer system Data refers to the symbols that represent facts, objects, and ideas Processing is the way that a computer manipulates data A computer processes data in a device called the central processing unit (CPU)
Memory is an area of a computer that holds data that is waiting to be processed, stored, or output Storage is the area where data can be left on a permanent basis Computer output is the result produced by the computer An output device displays, prints or transmits the results of processing
Computer Performs computations and makes logical decisions Millions / billions times faster than human beings Computer programs Sets of instructions for which computer processes data Hardware Physical devices of computer system Software Programs that run on computers
Definition:
Introduction To Computer Software Operating system Problem solving Techniques Computer Prog ramming languages Computer Threats
Capabilities of Computers
Huge Data Storage Input and Output Processing
Characteristics of Computers
High Processing Speed Accuracy Reliability Versatility Diligence
History Of Computers
Before the 1500s, in Europe, calculations were made with an abacus Invented around 500BC, available in many cultures (China, Mesopotamia, Japan, Greece, Rome, etc.) In 1642, Blaise Pascal (French mathematician, physicist, philosopher) invented a mechanical calculator called the Pascaline In 1671, Gottfried von Leibniz (German mathematician, philosopher) extended the Pascaline to do multiplications, divisions, square roots: the Stepped Reckoner None of these machines had memory, and they required human intervention at each step
In 1822 Charles Babbage (English mathematician, philosopher), sometimes called the father of computing built the Difference Engine Machine designed to automate the computation (tabulation) of polynomial functions (which are known to be good approximations of many useful functions) Based on the method of finite difference Implements some storage In 1833 Babbage designed the Analytical Engine, but he died before he could build it It was built after his death, powered by steam
Generations of Computers
Generation of Computers
First Generation (1946-59) Second Generation(1957-64) Third Generation(1965-70) Fourth Generation(1970-90) Fifth Generation(1990 till date)
Generation 0: Mechanical Calculators Generation 1: Vacuum Tube Computers Generation 2: Transistor Computers Generation 3: Integrated Circuits Generation 4: Microprocessors
First Second Generation Gen. Transistors Technology Vacuum Tubes Third Gen. Integrated Circuits (multiple transistors) Filled Whole Filled half a Smaller Buildings room Fourth Gen. Microchips (millions of transistors) Tiny - Palm Pilot is as powerful as old building sized computer
Size
Some Pictures..
Generation 1 : ENIAC
The ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was unveiled in 1946: the first all-electronic, general-purpose digital computer
The use of binary In the 30s Claude Shannon (the father of information theory) had proposed that the use of binary arithmetic and boolean logic should be used with electronic circuits The Von-Neumann architecture
CPU
Memory
I/O System
Generation 2: IBM7094
Generation 3: Integrated Circuits
Seymour Cray created the Cray Research Corporation Cray-1: $8.8 million, 160 million instructions per seconds and 8 Mbytes of memory
Generation 4: VLSI
Microprocessors
Improvements to IC technology made it possible to integrate more and more transistors in a single chip SSI (Small Scale Integration): 10-100 MSI (Medium Scale Integration): 1001,000 LSI (Large Scale Integration): 1,00010,000 VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration): >10,000
Generation 5?
The term Generation 5 is used sometimes to refer to all more or less sci fi future developments Voice recognition Artificial intelligence Quantum computing Bio computing Nano technology Learning Natural languages

Source of Knowledge: The Mother of Information The Internet The World Wide Web

Cce-Edusat Session For Computer Fundamentals

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CCE-EDUSAT SESSION FOR COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

CCE-EDUSAT SESSION FOR COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

A computer system includes a computer, peripheral devices, and software

Generation 3: Integrated Circuits

CCE-EDUSAT SESSION FOR COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

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