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    5 A Plain Chant Court

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    Caleb Nihira
    The document provides an overview of music in the Middle Ages, including the following key points: 1) Music during this period was dominated by the Catholic Church, with plainchant forming the basis of liturgical music and church musicians establishing many musical concepts. 2) Plainchant consisted of chanting sacred texts in various modes without a consistent meter; Pope Gregory standardized chants into what became known as Gregorian chant. 3) Secular music began to develop at royal courts with the emergence of troubadours, trouvères, and minnesingers who composed songs of courtly love, chivalry, and heroes.

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    5 A Plain Chant Court

    Uploaded by

    Caleb Nihira
    150 views24 pages
    The document provides an overview of music in the Middle Ages, including the following key points: 1) Music during this period was dominated by the Catholic Church, with plainchant forming the basis of liturgical music and church musicians establishing many musical concepts. 2) Plainchant consisted of chanting sacred texts in various modes without a consistent meter; Pope Gregory standardized chants into what became known as Gregorian chant. 3) Secular music began to develop at royal courts with the emergence of troubadours, trouvères, and minnesingers who composed songs of courtly love, chivalry, and heroes.

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    5 a Plain Chant Court

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    The document provides an overview of music in the Middle Ages, including the following key points: 1) Music during this period was dominated by the Catholic Church, with plainchant forming the basis of liturgical music and church musicians establishing many musical concepts. 2) Plainchant consisted of chanting sacred texts in various modes without a consistent meter; Pope Gregory standardized chants into what became known as Gregorian chant. 3) Secular music began to develop at royal courts with the emergence of troubadours, trouvères, and minnesingers who composed songs of courtly love, chivalry, and heroes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    150 views24 pages

    5 A Plain Chant Court

    Uploaded by

    Caleb Nihira
    The document provides an overview of music in the Middle Ages, including the following key points: 1) Music during this period was dominated by the Catholic Church, with plainchant forming the basis of liturgical music and church musicians establishing many musical concepts. 2) Plainchant consisted of chanting sacred texts in various modes without a consistent meter; Pope Gregory standardized chants into what became known as Gregorian chant. 3) Secular music began to develop at royal courts with the emergence of troubadours, trouvères, and minnesingers who composed songs of courtly love, chivalry, and heroes.

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    Hellwork

    Who discovered the relationship between music and numbers? What are the most important musical legacies of Antiquity?

    Chapter 5: The Middle Ages


    Music and the Church; Music at Court

    Key Terms
    plainchant medieval modes recitation reciting tone preface antiphon sequence drone troubadours trouvres minnesingers jongleur strophic form estampie

    Middle Ages Timeline

    The Middle Ages


    followed fall of Rome in 476 C.E. much education and technology lost in the West church central in all areas of life new musical concepts evolved
    notation, polyphony, tunes

    Finbonacci, Thomas Aquinas, Dante Marco Polo

    Music and the Church


    Church was patron of the arts most musicians trained in Church most notated music was Church music

    Plainchant
    chanting sacred texts is a nearly universal phenomenon church services required thousands of texts and melodies Pope Gregory I standardized chants (Gregorian chant)

    Characteristics of Plainchant
    nonmetrical based on medieval modes

    Elements of Plainchant
    Liturgical Function: Divine Office and Mass Relationship of words and music: Syllabic, Neumatic, Melismatic Mode: Key/scale Melodic structure: Rhythm

    Listening Example
    recitationheightened speech, based on reciting tones mode: Dorian Nonmetrical/metrical? rhythm: ? texture: ?

    Antiphon, In paradisum
    melody: legato, moves mostly by step mode: Mixolydian tonality: weaker than with major scale nonmetrical rhythm: follows text at moderate tempo texture: monophonic form: no obvious patterns of repetition or return

    Hildegard of Bingen (10981179)


    abbess mystic and author
    Scivias, a record of her visions books on theology, medicine, sciences

    composer of some 77 works

    Hildegard, Columba aspexit


    melody more elaborate than earlier plainchant Mixolydian mode monophonic with instrumental drone female voices sequence form: A A B B C C etc.

    Hildegard, Columba aspexit


    modal cadences

    Music at Court
    royalty now becoming patrons of music troubadour and trouvre songs
    composed and performed by nobles first large body of secular songs concerned with chivalric love and heroes probably accompanied by jongleurs

    Secular Music
    France: Troubadours (S. france), Trouveres (n.), love songs, laments, courtly love (Whats that?) Germany: Minnesingers, courtly love,

    Bernart de Ventadorn (c. 11351194)


    troubadour poet influenced other troubadours and trouvres humble background, but came to serve Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine

    What is a Troubadour?
    Traveling Poet/Performer/Composer (french) during the 11th and 13th centuries Topics of chivalry and courtly love Humorous, satirical

    Bernart, La dousa votz


    legato melody moves mostly by step has feel of duple meter simple rhythms, moderate tempo homophonic words express joys and sorrows of love strophic form: a a b pattern for each stanza

    Estampies
    instrumental court dances lively triple meter written jongleur improvisations?
    one-line pieces phrases repeated and varied many times

    Medieval Notation
    indicated only pitches, not instruments, tempo, dynamics, etc. scholars and performers make welleducated guesses
    adding a drone to Hildegards plainchant adding rhythm and accompaniment for La dousa votz adding percussion to instrumental dances

    Chant Notation

    Chant Notation

    How Did Early Music Sound?


    Did the singer really sound that way? Did they perform the rhythms the way our singer did? Did they use accompaniment for this song? Well never know for sure!

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