NLU Old
NLU Old
NLU Old
for
Research Project Writing
(for B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) & LL. M. Courses)
Of late, considerable emphasis is being placed on the application of empirical methods in legal research. However,
legal research in India has not kept up with this development. There is a general lack of priority in promoting
research skills amongst students pursuing graduate and post graduate courses in law. This is despite the fact that
research skills are recognized as one of the core requirements for law students. The main predicament in this
direction is noted to be the lack of right kind of training on the part of students and teachers. Most law schools
expect students to undertake research projects as a part of their curriculum. However, there is often a lack of clear
cut scheme, guidance, material and competence in the entire process of undertaking, guiding, and evaluating
research projects. There is hardly any concise and agreeable material available which could resolve the queries
of young students in planning and presenting their research in an efficient manner. This situation has largely
fostered an attitude of indifference among students towards research assignments. Resultantly the overarching
objective of promoting a culture of research in law schools remains a distant dream.
True to its mission, the National Law University, Delhi (NLUD) places considerable emphasis on Empirical Legal
Research (ELR) and aspires to be identified as a world class research university. In pursuance of these objectives,
the NLUD, in the recent past, has undertaken several initiatives including the organization of specific workshops
on empirical legal research methods and has trained a large number of teachers across the country to be able to
emphasise research skills among students.
In the same vein, it was considered that NLUD may develop a reference handbook for simplifying the process
of undertaking research projects. I am elated to introduce this ‘Handbook for Research Project Writing’. This reads
as a manual and is tailored to the needs of young students planning to write project reports. The Handbook
includes a step by step learning of both- doctrinal and non-doctrinal research. Concise and crisp, it offers useful
illustrations and sample writings to understand the application of research method in realistic way. Further, it
has many standard templates to bring uniformity in structuring project reports in terms of proper shaping of the
cover page, contents and other parts. An easy to understand account of citation is also the key highlight of this
publication.
I am sure this publication will bring much-needed standardization in the whole process of writing of project
reports by law students. I expect students to make its fullest possible use. I also welcome suggestions from all
quarters to further improve this publication.
Ranbir Singh
(Vice Chancellor, NLU, Delhi)
CONTENTS
Sl Caption Page
No. No.
1. Guidelines for Writing Research Project 1
1
The term doctrinaire or non-doctrinaire is also used. However, this Handbook relied on doctrinal
and non-doctrinal terminology as the same is found to be widely prevalent and internationally used
and accepted.
Guidelines for
Writing Research Project
The Project Report writing as an essential part of B.A. LL. B. (Hons.) & LL. M. levels
require to follow a definite research design. The choice of research design and method
of research in law is based on the nature of research, content and other parameters.
Broadly speaking, the research undertaken by the students could be of two kinds:
doctrinal and non-doctrinal. A doctrinal research means a study that has been carried
out on a legal proposition or propositions by way of analyzing the existing statutory
provisions and cases by applying the reasoning power. Doctrinal research involves
analysis of case law, arranging, ordering and systematizing legal propositions and
study of legal institutions through legal reasoning or rational deduction. The method
applied in this kind of study is qualitative and it is also known as non-empirical
research as it is based on secondary sources. Empirical research is an inquiry that
attempts to discover and verify general rules allowing us to understand why human
beings or events behave the way they do. The methods like observation, interview,
questionnaire, survey and case study are used to discover the human conduct. Socio-
legal research is the best example of empirical or non-doctrinal research.
While very precise guidelines are provided in the next section to guide the students
very generally in applying appropriate research methods, the students are advised
to consult standard books to further explore these aspects. Besides, some peculiar
research may need specific methodology or a combination of methods suggested
in this section. In all such cases, the candidate may seek specific guidance from the
concerned teacher/ supervisor to approach the problem.
Research Project 1
Guidelines for
Writing Empirical Research Project
Title
The title especially, in empirical project should, reflect the focus of research problem
in specific terms. Avoid writing too broad and general title like ‘Crime against women
in India’ instead it, depending upon the focus, may be like: ‘Domestic Violence against
Working Women in the Districts of Indore & Bhopal of M.P.’
Review of Literature
It is a survey of juristic writings on the chosen topic. Consult the literature viz; articles,
books, reports, cases, monographs, data bases on the broad theme to highlight:
• general development in the field [ascending order in terms of year of
publications];
• noteworthy contribution in the field expressed through various writings;
• connect and place the proposed subject of study in literature review to
highlight its relevance.
3. Methodology :
A. Objectives :
State categorically the measurable objectives (preferably not more than five) of the
research to be undertaken. Example:
1. To study the available infrastructure and manpower to enforce labour law
in the city of Chandigarh.
2. To examine the factors (social and economic) in child labour etc.
Research Project 3
Research questions could be helpful where the researcher does not have sufficient
idea of the work done in that area or the nature of issues under research are only
evolving. Example:
• Does child labour has anything to do with the education? or;
• Does the type of parenting has any association with the indulgence of a
child in to labour situation?
(c) Coverage & Scope : The duration or number of cases and nature of cases
studied; or any geographical region (city, villages etc.) or any institution
(like case study of Economic Offence Wing etc.) studied.
(d) Sample : normally in non-doctrinal studies. Mention the sampling
method used.
(e) Data Collection : All kinds of research (doctrinal or non-doctrinal)
require some kind of data. Make a mention of sources and nature of
data collected and utilized in the report. It may include the following :
Primary Data collection
If the study involves data collection from the respondents, following is the scheme:
• Universe of the study (state the source/estimated number of total
population of units)
• Sampling design (method of sampling to extract the required number of
sample)
• Tools used ( the ways to collect the required data like interview schedule,
questionnaire, participant observation, case study)
• Techniques (any scale, measurement etc.)
• Statistical consideration/ software applications.
Nature of data that are proposed to be collected should be specifically mentioned.
The sources for each type of data and the tools and techniques that will be used
for collecting different types of data should also be specifically mentioned. For
questionnaire and/or interview schedule to be used, the following should be indicated:
(a.) Nature and coverage of the questionnaire or interview schedule to be
used for different sections of respondents.
(b.) Number of questions to be asked from each respondent
(c.) Scaling technique proposed to be included, if any
(d.) Projective tests incorporated in the questionnaire/interview schedule,
if any
6. References
Follow the standard referencing and citation (Follow the ‘Blue Book citation style)
1
Keep the tense in mind; if writing a proposal use future tense and if writing the report, use the past tense.
Research Project 5
Steps in Empirical Research Report
2. Literature review
4. Objectives
6. Sampling
7. Data Collection.
8. Data analysis
11. References
Doctrinal research is a qualitative enquiry. The choice and coverage of doctrinal legal
research could be very expansive and it is tough to suggest any fixed format for this
kind of research. This is mainly due to the reasons that this kind of research involves
research problem requiring highly individualized rather than standard methodology.
For instance, the research involving case study method or focusing on case analysis
including case comment may have little different frame to follow.
The research involving jurisprudential analysis of an issue, analysis of statute, historical
or comparative growth of any legal doctrine or legal system, examination of any legal
concept through case laws or legal theories, regulatory issues in corporate or IPR
regimes, locating and weighing an idea in the constitutional context or human rights
context, enforcement issues in various jurisdictions, international laws affecting the
relevant domestic issue etc. are some examples of some broad areas of research
which are possible through doctrinal research design.
2. Conceptual context
There may be concepts, propositions and doctrines in the proposed study, which
need to be defined for the purpose of the study in hand. Make operational definitions
of all such usages.
The scholar in this section is expected to introduce and contextualize the ‘general
research area’. Such contextualization is to provide the researcher an opportunity to
link a specific social and legal problem to a body of socio-legal theory.
Research Project 7
3. Review of literature
It is a survey of juristic writings on the chosen topic.
Consult the literature including articles, books, reports, cases, monographs, data
bases) on the broad theme to highlight:
• general development in the field [ascending order in terms of year of
publications];
• noteworthy contribution in the field expressed through various writings;
• connect and place the proposed subject of study in literature review to
highlight its relevance.
4. Statement of research problem
Clearly state the problem to be undertaken. Make a clear statement/narrative
highlighting the exact coverage and purview of the problem under investigation.
Make a mention of the issues, which would be actually investigated in the research.
The key issues about the problem in theoretical and applied context of the concerned
discipline should be specified. The specific aim(s) of the project, its rationale, including
the rationale of the approach adopted for studying the problem should be specifically
mentioned. (Refer to annexure – X for template).
5. Formulation of objectives
State categorically the objectives (preferably not more than five) of the research
to be undertaken. The objective to be stated sharply entailing the key issues to be
examined (Annexure – XI).
7. Sampling procedures
The researcher to focus on the following-
• Choice of setting.
• Choice of key informants.
• Choice of study groups and events.
• Choosing the setting, the event and the respondent(s) to be addressed
first, events and respondents will change as research progresses.
2
Applicable in selected case where a rigid / fixed research design is contemplated.
3
Sarantakos, S. (1998). Social Research Australia, Mac Millan Publisher Pvt. Ltd. (2nd Ed).
Research Project 9
10. Data analysis and interpretation are to be placed in various
sections of the report.
• Analyzing data by grouping the information and developing new categories.
• Assigning meanings to the narratives.
• Testing hypotheses.
2. Literature review
4. Objectives
5. Hypotheses/research question.
9. Conclusions/Recommendations
10. References
Research Project 11
The Bluebook - A Uniform System of Citation*
ARTICLE
Journal Article Journal article:
Charles A. Reich, The New Property, 73 YALE L.J. 733, 737-38 (1964).
* Nineteenth Edition - It is advisable to Keep updating the citation style as per the forthcoming editions
NEWSPAPER ARTICLES
Articles in print versions of newspapers
Example N. Vyas, BJP not happy THE HINDU 14 (Bangalore edn., May 8, 2010).
with JMM
proposal,
Research Project 13
CASE LAW
Cases India cases:
Ram Swaroop v. State (Govt. NCT) of Delhi (21.05.2013 - SC)
Central Bureau of Investigation v. V. Vijay Sai Reddy (09.05.2013 - SC)
Sangeeta v. Hitesh Kumar (18.02.2013 - DELHC)
Adobe Systems Inc. &Ors. v. Mr. SachinNaik&Ors. (12.03.2013 - DELHC)
Dr. ArunKumar Chowdhary v. State of U.P. and Others (24.01.2013 - ALLHC)
Haseeb Ahmed @ Rassu v. Commissioner, Kanpur Mandal Kanpur and Others (15.12.2011 - ALLHC)
U.S. case:
United States v. MacDonald, 531 F.2d 196, 199-200 (4th cir. 1976), rev’d, 435 U.S. 850 (1978).
U.K. case:
R. v. Lockwood, (1872) 99 Eng. Rep. 379 (K.B.).
Cases
Element Name of Petitioner/ v. Name of Defendant/ Citation Pin Court
Appellant Respondent Citation
Example 2 Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, AIR 1973 SC 1461, 1475 (Supreme
Court of
India).
Shortened Form
Element Shortened Form Citation Pin Citation
Example 2 Art. 1, Sec. 8, THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 1787.
Example 3 Art. 51, THE CONSTITUTION OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY 1949.
(Grundgesetz),
Research Project 15
CASES [Rule 10]
In Footnotes US Supreme Court Case:
Baker v. General Motors Corp., 522 U.S. 222, 228 (1998).
US Electronic Cite:
Machado v. Leahy, No. BRCV200200514, 2004 WL 233335, at *5 (Mass. Super. Jan. 3, 2004).
SHORT FORMS
Short forms The short forms of words which are not mentioned in this guide are not acceptable. Short
forms which are acceptable are:
¶ for paragraph
Art. for article
Cl. for clause
Dn. for division
No. for number
Reg. for regulation
Sc. for scene
Sec. for section
Vol. for volume
Add „s’’ to the short form for the plural form. For multiple paragraphs, put ¶¶
E.g., Cited authority states the proposition; other authorities also state the proposition, but
citation to them would not be helpful or is not necessary. “E.g.” may also be used in
combination with other signals, preceded by a comma:
See, e.g.,
But see, e.g.,
Accord “Accord” is commonly used when two or more sources state or clearly support the
proposition, but the text quotes or refers to only one; the other sources arc then introduced
by “accord.” Similarly, the law of one jurisdiction may be cited as being in accord with the
law of another.
Research Project 17
See Cited authority clearly supports the proposition. “See” is used instead of “[no signal]” when
the proposition is not directly stated by the cited authority but obviously follows from it;
there is an inferential step between the authority cited and the proposition it supports.
See also Cited authority constitutes additional source material that supports the proposition. “See
also” is commonly used to cite an authority supporting a proposition when authorities
that state or directly support the proposition already have been cited or discussed. The
use of a parenthetical explanation of the source’s relevance (rule 1.5) following a citation
introduced by “see also’ is encouraged.
Cf. Cited authority supports a proposition different from the main proposition but sufficiently
analogous to lend support. Literally, “cf.” means “compare.” The citation’s relevance will
usually be clear to [he reader only if it is explained. Parenthetical explanations (rule 1.5),
however brief, are therefore strongly recommended.
Format for
Submission of B. A. LL. B. (Hons.)/LL. M.
Project Report
6. Title / Top and Inner first pages: Title of Project Report. (See
Annexure – II)
Research Project 19
Annexure - II
Format Sample – 1
Title Page
TITLE
(18 Bold)
Submitted by Supervised by
(12 font size) (12 font size)
[University LOGO]
Format Sample – 2
Declaration
(14 bold)
I hereby declare that the work reported in this project report entitled
“Title” (12 bold) submitted at National Law University, Delhi (12 bold)
is an outcome of my work carried out under the supervision of name(s) of
Supervisor(s) (12 bold). I have duly acknowledged all the sources from which
the ideas and extracts have been taken. To the best of my understanding, the
project is free from any plagiarism issue.
Research Project 21
Annexure - IV
Format Sample – 3
(Alphabetically)
v. Versus
Format Sample – 4
List of Cases
(16 bold)
(Alphabetically)
7. Menka Sanjay Gandhi and Anr.v. Rani Jethmalani, AIR 1979 SC 468.
9. Zahira Habibullah Sheikh and Anr. V. State of Gujarat and Ors.,2006 Cr. L. J. 1694.
Research Project 23
Annexure - VI
Format Sample – 5
List of Table
(16 bold)
Format Sample – 6
List of Figures
(16 bold)
Research Project 25
Annexure - VIII
Format Sample – 7
Table of Contents
(16 bold Centre)
Format Sample – 8
CHAPTER 1
(14 BOLD ALL CAP CENTRE)
INTRODUCTION
(14 BOLD ALL CAP CENTRE)
Text……………
Research Project 27
Annexure - X
1. Start with a general problem identifying the need for the study.
E.g. The problem of this study is ______
2. State the specific problem proposed for research. (use citation &
usually a number to make it clear to the reader, e.g. 30% of the
farms have been affected by the Napier grass disease
Objectives:
• The study was geared to achieve the following objectives:
• To outline the relevant legal provisions pertaining to witness
• To examine the issue of hostility of witness and the emerging debates on
the issue especially in the light of leading judgments of courts and other
publications.
• To study the experiences and problems of witnesses in their interaction
with police, prosecution and court.
• To critically review the idea of witness protection in the light relevant legal
provisions.
Research Project 29
• To study the profile of witnesses in the chosen states.
• To identify the causes for the reluctance of people being witness to a
criminal incident in the context of the characteristics of the witnesses.
• To survey the perceptions and attitudes of witnesses on certain matters
relevant to this study.
Hypotheses:
The following hypotheses would be examined in this study:
1. The chief factors in the reluctance of witness are those relating to fear
of criminal assault, harassment by the police and court and anticipatory
loss of degradation of social status.
2. The persons from lower medium income groups and average education
category are more likely to be the witnesses.
3. The hardships of witnesses are normally associated with police
behaviour.
4. The witnesses experience considerable problems in the court.
5. Loss of faith in the criminal justice agencies is a factor discouraging the
witnesses to come forward.
6. Witnesses do face pressures from influential sectors affecting their
testimony.
7. The chances of manipulation and resulted hostility of witnesses are
often seen in cases where the rich and powerful elements are involved.
Research Design:
In accordance with the objectives of the present study, doctrinal and non-doctrinal
research designs have been adopted. The doctrinal design has been used to study
the jurisprudential development in the areas of hostility, protection and problems
of witnesses. This has been done primarily with the help of case laws and leading
judgments of various courts. The reports of committees and commissions have been
scanned to sifting the issues relating to the research problem.
The non-doctrinal method or empirical approach is the prime highlight of this study.
In this pursuit, a sample survey has been carried out to collect the required data by
using some structured methods of data collection.
Research Project 31
Data Analysis:
The collected data from the respondents were subjected to editing and a coding
plan was carried out to facilitate electronic data processing. The data was processed
through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics 21). A tabulation
plan suiting to the scheme of this study was worked out.
Research Proposal
A Description
This Lists sections Provides Persuade the 1. State Provides 1. Describes Illustrates Describes the 1. Predict the A list of To display List of work
Identifies of proposal information in reader that clearly and information in the research tasks proposed focus of each significance of specialized documents that that have been
and page regards to: the study concisely the regards to: plans and & stages / chapter the study and Terms are relevant to consulted thus
1. Topic
references is useful / purpose for time line for the expected and their the main text, far and which
1. Social 1. Significant 2. A statement
2. Writer
interesting the study 2. completion outcomes meanings but if they were appear to be
researchers in about the
2. Political
3. Institution
Outline the (from to be included useful
the field delimitations 2. Closely relate
3. Historical
4. Degree key research another in the main text
(boundaries) the outcomes back
2. Shows you
4. Educational questions and culture they would
of the study to the aims of the
can be selective
aims acronyms, inhibit the flow
study
and a critical
key concepts of information
inquirer
in a relatively
new filed)
Research Project 33
Annexure - XIII
Research Project 35
3. Avoid the “obvious.”
Unless you are making a really unassailable proposition, such as “The earth revolves
around the sun,” using terms such as “obviously,” “clearly,” “of course,” “unarguable,”
“simply,” “certainly,” and “well known” raise enormous red flags for the reader. If you
have authority for a proposition, cite it. If you don’t have any authority, perhaps the
proposition is not as “obvious” as you thought.
Besides, if your point is really that “obvious” to everyone, why waste time and space
restating it? And, how can you be so sure that another lawyer won’t come along and
disagree with the proposition that you thought was so “clear”?
Similarly, terms such as “many,” “several,” “numerous,” “some,” and “widely held”
raise flags unless there is citation to examples. Think about how you would respond
to a reader who sees such a term used, questions your accuracy, and demands, “Name
one!” If you cannot, your bluff has been successfully called.
5. Don’t apologize for your positions.
You rarely need to preface your statements with introductory quasi-apologies or such
equivocations as “In my opinion,” “I think,” “I believe,” or “I feel.”
First, the reader of legal writing really doesn’t care what the author “thinks,” “believes,”
or “feels.” In this genre, the only things that matter are what you can prove or logically
support through reasoned analysis and argument.
Second, the reader automatically assumes that any proposition for which you do not
cite authority must be your own opinion, so there is no need for the reminder. Just
make your points and let them be evaluated for what they’re worth.
6. Any particular law in mind?
Avoid making broad statements such as “doing X is illegal” unless you can explain
which specific statute, regulation, or common law rule is being violated, and why. Be
especially cautious about making the claim that “doing X is unconstitutional” unless
you can back up that claim with one or more constitutional clause(s).
7. Cite primary sources.
In a legitimate legal discussion, even the least strict constructionists at least begin
by examining and citing the relevant law itself. Constitutional clauses, statutes,
regulations, and judicial decisions are the primary building blocks of legal analysis;
everything else is, literally, commentary. You can’t write a good legal research
paper based solely on citations to secondary sources such as law review articles and
textbooks.
You have to begin with the actual law. Then, you can argue about interpretation.
Legal readers, in the first instance, want to know what the law itself says, rather than
what some law professor has to say.
Research Project 37
Annexure - XV
Content
• have you identified all the main facts and/or issues?
• have you made relevant points?
• have you shown that you understand the key concepts?
• have you made appropriate use of case law/statutes/concepts?
• have you made adequate use of case law/statutes/concepts?
• have you included your own ideas/opinions and substantiated them?
Structure
• does your introduction set out the key facts and issues?
• have you developed a clear argument/discussion?
• does each paragraph express a separate idea?
• are sentences and paragraphs clearly linked?
• does your conclusion summarise the argument/give a final answer?
SUGGESTED READINGS
• AMITA DHANDA & ARCHAFLA PARASHAR ED., DECOLONIZATION OF
LEGAL KNOWLEDGE IN INDIA, ROUTLEDGE (2009).
• ERWIN C. SURRENCY, B FELD & JOSEPH. CREA, A GUIDE TO LEGAL
RESEARCH (Supplemented ed.1966).
• HARVARD LAW REVIEW ASSOCIATION, THE BLUE BOOK: UNIFORM
SYSTEM OF CITATIONS (18th ed. 2010).
• HYMAN H. M. & J. WILLIAM COBB, INTERVIEWING IN SOCIAL RESEARCH
(1970).
• INDIAN LAW INSTITUTE, LEGAL RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY (2001).
• J. D. S. ARMSTRONG & A KNOTT, WHERE IS THE LAW: AN INTRODUCTION
TO ADVANCED LEGAL RESEARCH (2d ed. 2006).
• KHAN J. A., RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (2007).
• KOTHARI C. R., RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, METHODS AND TECHNIQUES
(2004).
• M. O. PRICE, H. BITNER AND BYSIEWICZ, EFFECTIVE LEGAL RESEARCH (4th
ed.1976)
Research Project 39
• MARK K OSBECK, IMPECCABLE RESEARCH: A CONCISE GUIDE TO
MASTERING LEGAL RESEARCH SKILLS (2010).
• MISHRA R. P., RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: A HAND BOOK (2002).
• MORRIS L COHEN & KENT C. OLSON, LEGAL RESEARCH IN A NUTSHELL
(9TH ED. 2007).
• MORRISE L. COHAN, LEGAL RESEARCH IN NUTSHELL (1996).
• MORRISE L. COHAN, LEGAL RESEARCH IN NUTSHELL (4th ed. 1976).
• MYNENI S. R., LEGAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (3d ed. 2009).
• MYRON JACABSTEIN & ROY M. MERSKY, FUNDAMENTALS OF LEGAL
RESEARCH (8th ed. 2002).
• PARANJAPE V. N., LEGAL EDUCATION RESEARCH METHODOLOHY (2011).
• PAULINE V. YOUNG, SCIENTIFIC SOCIAL SURVEY AND RESEARCH (1968).
• PAYNE STANLEY, THE ART OF ASKING QUESTIONS (1980).
• PETER CANE & HERBERT KRITZER, THE OXFORD HANDBOOK OF
EMPIRICAL LEGAL RESEARCH (2010).
• ROBORT M. LAWLESS ET AL., EMPIRICAL METHODS IN LAW (2010).
• STEPHANIE DELANEY, ELECTRONIC LEGAL RESEARCH: AN INTEGRATED
APPROACH (2008).
• TIWARI H. N., LEGAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (1999).
• UPENDRA BAXI, THE INDIAN SUPREME COURT AND POLITICS (1980).
• WILLIAM J. GRADE & PAUL K. HATT, METHODS IN SOCIAL RESEARCH
(1952).
The National Law University Library i.e. Justice T.P.S. Chawla Library serves as the
intellectual foundation for students and faculty engaging in legal education and
research. The library’s collection includes a comprehensive array of legal resources in
both print and electronic formats as well as an outstanding online law collection. The
Library of the University facilitates a wide scope to students and faculty members for
deep research in multidimensional legal and law related subject areas. A wonderful
collection of print and non print media are readily available within the wall of the
library. This service shows a boundary less library services round the clock within the
campus.
Justice T.P.S. Chawla Library has a number of international and national online
databases supporting legal research. These can be accessed in IP ranges within the
University Campus and CD ROM based legal databases have been procured within
the library. The databases coverage includes Case Law Search, Legislation Search,
Article Search, Subject Based Compilations, and e-books etc. The Collection of Justice
T.P.S. Chawla Library enriches its electronic collection subscribing electronic books
published by renowned publishers. These books can be referred online through
their respective web links functioned within intranet of the University. Apart from
Online Databases and EBooks, Justice T.P.S. Chawla Library subscribes individual and
package of Electronic Journals for its clientele access.
ONLINE DATABASES
Westlaw India & International
Westlaw India is an extended part of Westlaw International facilitating comprehensive
search of Indian Case laws and Legislations. Apart from Indian Legal Information,
Westlaw India through its international tab provides international legal information
of United States, United Kingdom, Australia and European Union countries.
LexisNexis Academic
LexisNexis Academic is a service for researching news, business and legal topics. It
contains more than 6000 sources from all over the world, drawn from print, broadcast
and online media. This database is a collection of comprehensive legal information
including law reviews and journals, Case Laws of major countries around the world,
Statutes and reports of national and international spheres.
Research Project 41
JSTOR
Journal Store i.e. JSTOR facilitates scholars, researchers, and students discover, use
and build upon a wide range of content in digital achieve. It provides a high quality,
interdisciplinary achieve to support scholarship and teaching. It includes archives of
over one thousand leading academic journals across the humanities, social sciences
and sciences as well as select monographs and other materials valuable for academic
work. The National Law University Delhi subscribes its Art & Science Module IV which
contains 116 journals with its archival files of legal subjects. The databases can be
accessed through www.jstor.org within the limits of IP Ranges of the University.
Hein Online
HeinOnline provides American, foreign, and international legal sources, including law
journals, foreign case reports, federal administrative regulations, federal statutes,
U.S. treaties and agreements, historical legal treatises, among others. Being an IP
based database, HeinOnline is accessing within Wifi environment of the University
round the clock. It can be accessed through www.heinonline.org/
Worldtradelaw.Net
The web site has two aspects. First, there is the free portion of the site, which is
available to anyone who surfs the web. This aspect of the site consists of several
elements, including the following: well-organized and easy-to-access primary source
documents related to international trade law; a full-text search engine for GATT/WTO
decisions; a large collection of links to other sources of information on the web; and
a discussion forum. http://www.worldtradelaw.net/
Manupatra
Manupatra is India’s most comprehensive online legal and business policy database.
Manupatra contains judgements of Supreme Court of India and High Courts of Indian
states, Commission & Committee Reports, Gazette Notifications & Circulars, Bare
Acts, Rules & Regulations, Ordinance & Pending Cases and legal material son subject
based research. It provides comprehensive search techniques including Manu Search,
Legal Search, Citation Search and Act Search.
Manupatra can be search through www.manupatra.com within university IP Access
without any password.
CLA Online
Corporate Law Advisor is a product of Corporate Law Advisor. It provides digital
contents of Corporate Law Advisor magazine along with Business Law Supplement.
It covers all volumes since its inception of both Corporate Law Advisor and Business
Law Supplement. It provides comprehensive search techniques like article search,
case law search, notification search, circulars search, acts search, rules search and
regulations search. It can be accessed through http://www.claonline.in/ configured
within the IP Ranges of the University.
Indiastat
It provides depth of India specific, socio-economic statistical facts and figures culled
from various secondary sources it is a portal of state specific sites which provide
statistical data for all the major socio-economic parameters of the Indian States.
District level data where ever available can also be viewed. Through this exhaustive
compiled data can be accessed and download in MS-Excel/HTML formats. Can be
accessed http://www.indiastat.com
Research Project 43
Taxman-Online
Taxman online is leading publishers on Taxes and Corporate Law`s, Accounting and
Auditing, Banking, Finance and Management. Can be access through http://www.
taxmann.com/
E- BOOKS
Oxford E-Books
Apart from Hart & Taylor & Francis, the University also subscribes 475 eBooks published
by Oxford Publication under Oxford Scholarship Online in perpetual mode. The
books pertaining to law and social sciences published by OUP under the subscription
mode can be accessed through http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/ within IP Ranges.
Research Project 45
9. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology
10. Journal of Crime and Justice
11. Journal of Criminal Justice Education
12. Journal of Legal History
13. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation
14. Justice Quarterly
15. Justice Quarterly and Journal of Criminal Justice Education
16. The Law Teacher
17. Women & Criminal Justice
18. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice
19. ournal of Ethnicity in criminal justice
20. Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and crime prevention
21. Policing and Society
22. Police Practice and Research
23. Global Crime
Criminology & Law Online Journals Archive of Taylor & Francis publication can be
accessed through the link http://www.tandfonline.com/.
CD ROM
AIR Infotech
JESSUP
Research Project 47
For all further clarification and assistance, contact :
Prof. G S Bajpai
gsbajpai@gmail.com