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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA), autonomous aircraft and model aircraft are
various sub-sets of unmanned aircraft. Unmanned aircraft system (UAS) is an aircraft
and its associated elements, which are operated with no pilot on board.
1.2 Remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) is an unmanned aircraft, which is piloted from
a remote pilot station. A remotely piloted aircraft, its associated remote pilot station(s),
command and control links and any other components forms a Remotely Piloted
Aircraft System (RPAS).
1.3 This CAR is issued under the provisions of Rule 15A and Rule 133A of the
Aircraft Rules, 1937 and lays down requirements for obtaining Unique Identification
Number (UIN), Unmanned Aircraft Operator Permit (UAOP) and other operational
requirements for civil Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS).
2. ACRONYMS &DEFINITIONS
2.1 Acronyms
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2.2 Definitions
Command and The data link between the UA and the remote pilot station
Control (C2) Link for the purpose of managing the flight.
Controlled Airspace1 Airspace of defined dimensions within which air traffic
control service is provided in accordance with the airspace
classification.
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2In the context of remotely piloted aircraft, an aircraft operation includes the remotely piloted aircraft system.
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3. CATEGORIES OF RPA
4. APPLICABILITY
4.1 This CAR is applicable to Civil Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems, which are
Remotely Piloted from a Remote Pilot Station.
5. APPLICATION PROCESS
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5.3 All applications shall be processed on case-to-case basis through “Digital Sky
Platform”.
6.1 Civil RPA except those indicated in Para 6.4 and 6.5 of this CAR, shall require
Unique Identification Number (UIN) from DGCA.UIN will be granted where the RPAS
is wholly owned either:
a) By a citizen of India; or
or
6.2.1 General:
a) Contact details of owner/ lessee with valid CIN, GSTIN and/ or PAN card.
b) Purpose & base of operation.
a) Specification of RPAS.
b) Weight of compatible payload and maximum load carrying capacity of the RPA.
c) RPA Flight Manual/ Manufacturer’s Operating Manual (as applicable).
d) Manufacturer’s maintenance guidelines for RPA (as applicable).
e) Manufacturer’s Certificate of Compliance for NPNT.
6.2.3 Approvals/Clearances:
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than in India under 6.1, (d) not earlier than five years from date of application
for UIN. However, individuals as indicated in Para 6.1 (a) shall either obtain
security clearance from MHA or submit self-attested copies of at least two out
of three valid identity proofs viz. Passport, Driving License or Aadhar Card. In
case of foreign remote pilots employed by Indian entity as per para 6.1 (b), (c),
and (d), DGCA shall forward documents for Security clearance to security
agencies in accordance with the procedure being followed for Foreign Aircrew
Temporary Authorization (FATA) pilots. The application form for security
clearance is given at Annexure II/III of this CAR.
6.3 The applicant shall submit duly filled application (through Digital Sky Platform),
as per Annexure IV of this CAR, along with requisite documents indicated in Para
6.2and applicable fee to DGCA. The UIN shall be issued in 02 working days, as per
the format given at Annexure-V, provided all the documents are complete.
6.4 RPA in Nano category intended to fly upto 50 feet (15 m) AGL in uncontrolled
airspace/ enclosed premises for commercial / recreational / R&D purposes are
exempted from obtaining UIN.
6.5 RPAs owned / operated by NTRO, ARC and Central Intelligence Agencies are
also exempted from obtaining UIN.
6.6 In case of entity specified under Para 6.1 (d) of this CAR, the Indian
organization, who has taken RPAS on lease, shall obtain the UIN.
7.1 Civil RPA operators other than those mentioned in Para 7.2 shall require UAOP
from DGCA.
7.3 Civil RPA operators except entities specified in Para 7.2 shall submit duly filled
application through Digital Sky Platform along with requisite fees for issue of UAOP
(Application format given in Annexure-VI) to DGCA at least 7 working days prior to
actual commencement of operations along with following documents:
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c) Details of remote pilot(s) along with security clearance from MHA or self-
attested copies of at least two out of three valid identity proofs viz. Passport,
Driving License or Aadhar Card and copies of training records;
d) Insurance details (as applicable);
e) Security programme as approved by BCAS.
7.4 The UAOP shall be issued by DGCA within 7 working days, as per the format
given at Annexure-VII, provided all the documents are complete. A copy of the UAOP
shall be provided to MHA, BCAS, IAF, ATS Provider (AAI and MoD), and district
administration (Superintendent of Police) for information. In case of UIN issued under
Para 6.1 (d) of this CAR, the Indian organization, who has taken RPAS on lease, shall
be issued the UAOP.
7.5 Validity of the UAOP shall be for a period of five years from the date of issue.
7.7 Renewal of the UAOP shall be subject to fresh security clearance from MHA.
8.1 The operator shall be responsible for the safe custody, security and access
control of the RPAS. In case of loss of RPA, the operator shall report immediately to
the local police office, BCAS and DGCA.
8.2 The operator of all RPA except Nano RPA shall be responsible for notifying any
incident/ accident involving RPA to the Director of Air Safety, DGCA as per Annexure
VIII who will further intimate to all concerned agencies.
8.3 In case, the RPA is damaged and cannot be restored to original condition, the
same shall be notified to DGCA by the owner/ operator for cancellation of UIN.
8.4 The RPAS operator shall ensure that all security measures as enumerated in
the Security Programme (approved by BCAS) are in place before operation of each
flight.
8.5 The ground control station (while in use or in store) shall be secured from
sabotage or unlawful interference.
8.6 The RPAS (issued with UIN) shall not be sold or disposed-off in any way to any
person or firm without permission from DGCA.
8.7 Any changes in the contact details specified in UIN shall be immediately notified
to DGCA and all other concerned agencies.
9.1 Remote pilot shall have attained 18 years of age, having passed 10 th exam in
English, and undergone ground/ practical training.
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9.2 The ground training shall be obtained at any DGCA approved Flying Training
Organization (FTO), and include the following theory subjects:
9.3 The practical training shall comprise of RPA in flight having live component,
and/ or simulated flight training to demonstrate control of RPA throughout its operating
conditions, including safe recovery during emergencies and system malfunction.
Minimum syllabus and curriculum for training capsule for Remote Pilot is given at
Annexure-IX.
9.4 The requirements contained in Para 9.1 through 9.3 of this CAR are not
applicable for Nano and Micro category RPA pilots intending to operate in uncontrolled
airspace. However, the owner and user shall be fully aware of responsibilities for all
aspects of flight safety during such operations.
10.1 Maintenance and repair of RPAS shall be carried out in accordance with the
manufacturer’s approved procedures, as applicable.
10.2 Maintenance of the ground control equipment shall be carried out in accordance
with the manufacturer’s recommended inspection and overhaul interval, as applicable.
10.3 The remote pilot/ user shall not fly the RPA unless he/ she is reasonably
satisfied that all the control systems of RPA including the radio and Command &
Control link are in working condition before the flight.
10.4 The UAOP holder shall maintain records of each RPA flight and make such
records available to the DGCA on demand. Such records shall be maintained as per
the format given in Annexure-X.
11.1 All RPA (except for Nano category intending to operate up to 50 ft (15 m) AGL
in uncontrolled airspace/ enclosed premises),shall be equipped with the following
serviceable components/ equipment:
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d) RFID and GSM SIM Card/ NPNT compliant for APP based real time tracking
e) Fire resistant identification plate inscribed with UIN
f) Flight controller with flight data logging capability
11.2 In addition to the equipment required under Para 11.1, all RPA (except Nano
and Micro category operating in uncontrolled airspace) intending to operate in
controlled airspace up to 400 feet (120 m) AGL shall be equipped with the following
additional equipment/capabilities:
11.3 Remote pilot shall be equipped with communication facilities to establish two
way communication with the concerned ATS unit.
11.4 The tracking system of the RPA shall be self-powered and tamper/ spoofing
proof to ensure data relay even in the event of RPA accident.
11.5 Indian Air Force shall monitor RPA movements in the country in coordination
with Airports Authority of India.
12.1 The RPA operator shall prepare Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), which
shall contain following procedures according to the provisions contained in relevant
sections of AIP-India:
a) Take-off/landing
b) Collision avoidance
c) Noise abatement
d) Flight plan filing
e) Local airspace restriction
f) Right-of-way
g) Communications
h) RPA emergency including loss of C2 link
i) Safe recovery of RPA through controlled airspace in case RPA system failure
precludes the ability to remain outside controlled airspace, etc.
12.2 Irrespective of weight category, all RPA operations shall be restricted to day
only, within Visual Line of Sight (VLOS), subject to conditions given in Para 12.3.
12.3 RPA operations except those in enclosed premises, shall be conducted only
when the following meteorological conditions exist:
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12.5 In addition to the requirement under Para 12.4, all RPA operators [except Nano
and Micro category intending to operate up to 50 ft (15 m) AGL and 200 ft (60 m) AGL
respectively in uncontrolled airspace/ enclosed premises]are required to file flight plan
at least 24 hours before actual operations and obtain following:
a) ATC briefing, Meteorological (MET) briefing, and ATC clearance from the
nearest ATC Unit
b) Air Defence Clearance (ADC) from the nearest IAF Unit
c) FIC Number from the Flight Information Centre (FIC) concerned
12.6 Nano and Micro category RPA operators intending to operate beyond 50 ft (15
m) AGL and 200 ft (60 m) AGL respectively in uncontrolled airspace/ enclosed
premises, shall not be exempted from the provisions of paragraphs 6 through 12 and
15 of this CAR.
12.7 All RPA operators (except Nano RPA operating below 50 ft), shall inform the
concerned local police office in writing prior to commencing the operations.
12.8 RPA Operator shall carry out safety risk assessment [(a) hazard identification,
(b) determination of severity and likelihood of hazard on the operation, (c) mitigation
measures to reduce the risk identified, and (d) verification of mitigation actions] of the
RPA operations including that of launch/ recovery sites. The site (including emergency
operation zone and any safety zone for the operations of the RPAS) shall be under
the full control of the operator.
12.9 Designated safe areas should be established by the RPA operator for
emergency RPA holding and flight terminations.
12.10 The take-off and landing areas should be properly segregated from public
access.
12.11 Remote pilots shall prefix RPA call-sign with the word UNMANNED during voice
communications between ATC and the remote pilot station. RPA operator shall ensure
that no Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) is caused to air traffic operations and air
navigation equipment.
12.12 For operations in the controlled airspace, the remote pilot shall establish and
maintain contact with ATC prior to entering the controlled airspace.
12.13 All communication between remote pilot station and ATS Unit shall be in
prescribed ICAO phraseology.
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12.14 No person shall act as a remote pilot for more than one RPA operation at a
time.
12.15 If two or more persons are available as remote pilots for a flight, at any given
moment, there shall be only one person acting as a remote pilot-in-command.
12.16 RPA operator shall be responsible for ensuring that the RPA is operated safely
and remains clear of all manned/ unmanned air traffic, terrain and obstacles.
12.18 RPA shall not discharge or drop substances unless specially cleared and
mentioned in UAOP.
12.19 RPA shall not transport any hazardous material such as explosives or animal
or human payload.
12.20 RPA shall not be flown in a manner to cause danger to any person or property.
12.21 RPA operator/ remote pilot shall be liable to ensure that privacy norms of any
entity are not compromised in any manner.
12.22 In the event of cancellation of operations, the operator shall notify the same to
all appropriate authorities immediately.
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h) Within 5 km radius from Vijay Chowk in Delhi. However, this is subject to any
additional conditions/ restrictions imposed by local law enforcement agencies/
authorities in view of the security.
i) Within 2 km from perimeter of strategic locations/ vital installations notified by
Ministry of Home Affairs unless clearance is obtained from MHA;
j) Within 3 km from radius of State Secretariat Complex in State Capitals;
k) From a mobile platform such as a moving vehicle, ship or aircraft;
l) Over eco-sensitive zones around National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries
notified by Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change without prior
permission.
13.2 No RPA shall carry out aerial photography/remote sensing survey over the
areas specified in Para 13.1 of this CAR. However, DGCA may authorize such
operations on case-to-case basis subject to approval of MoD. In such a case,
application shall be submitted to Director Regulations & Information, DGCA (seven
copies) in the prescribed format as indicated at Annexure-XI.
14.3 The organizations mentioned at Para 14.2, may alternatively utilize unused
airstrips or Government educational institutions campus, provided adequate safety
precautions are in place.
15.2 For Nano and micro categories of RPAS, the minimum standards for
manufacturing as envisaged by designer/OEM, shall be considered.
15.3 For all categories of RPAS except Nano, the manufacturer shall provide a
Certificate of Compliance along with NPNT compliance to DGCA.
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a) Confer on RPAS operator any right against the owner or resident of any land
or building or over which the operations are conducted, or prejudice in any way
the rights and remedies which a person may have in respect of any injury to
persons or damage to property caused directly or indirectly by the RPA.
b) Absolve the operator/ remote pilot from compliance with any other regulatory
requirement, which may exist under the State or local law.
17. INSURANCE
17.1 All civil RPA operators shall have insurance with the liability that they might
incur for any damage to third party resulting from the accident/incident.
18.3 Necessary actions shall be taken as per relevant sections of the Aircraft Act
1934 / the Aircraft Rules 1937 or any statutory provisions.
(B. S. Bhullar)
Director General of Civil Aviation
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Annexure-IA
3. Nationality:
5. Fleet strength:
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UNDERTAKING
1. The RPA shall be used only for the purpose for which it is being imported/ locally
purchased and meets the regulations contained in CAR Section 3, Series X, Part
I.
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Annexure-IB
3. Nationality:
5. Fleet strength:
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UNDERTAKING
1. The RPA shall be used only for the purpose for which it is being imported/ locally
purchased and meets the regulations contained in CAR Section 3, Series X, Part
I.
Note:
1. Strikeout whichever is not applicable.
2. Filled proforma to be submitted along with duly filled application for UIN.
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Annexure-II
No. Full Present Date Parentage Present & Nationality Passport Contact
Name of Position of Permanent No. and Address
Board of held with Birth Address Date of & Tel.
Directors date (since Issue No.
when)
IV. Details of criminal cases, if any, against the Company/ Director(s) as per
Annexure IIA
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Annexure-IIA
1.
2.
3.
4.
c) Is the company owners, promoters or
directors listed above have
Note: The above self-declaration is required to be filled and signed by the authorized
signatory of the company.
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Annexure-III
(b) Parentage:
Surname Name Aliases, if any
(b) If originally a resident of a country other than India, address in that country and
the date of migration to India.
4. Nationality:
7. Particulars of places, with full address, where the applicant has resided for more
than a year during the preceding five years:
8. Has the applicant ever been arrested, prosecuted, kept under detention, or
convicted by a court? Give details:
Certified that the information furnished in this proforma is correct and complete to the
best of my knowledge and belief. I am aware that furnishing of wrong information or
suppression of factual or material information will dis-entitle me from grant of the license/
permit.
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Annexure-IV
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36. History of incidents/accidents (if any) along with nature and extent of damage
sustained by the RPA and details of any repairs carried out.
37. Undertaking:
I hereby declare that the above particulars are true in every respect and that
nothing has been concealed or withheld by me. I have studied the relevant
regulations issued by DGCA from time to time and shall abide by them.
* Note: The fee for issue of unique identification number for a remotely piloted aircraft
shall be ₹1000/- only.
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Annexure-V
Address of owner
E-mail ID &
Contact No. of Owner
Name of Operator
Address of Operator
E-mail ID &
Contact No. of Operator
It is hereby certified that the above mentioned Remotely Piloted Aircraft System has been
duly entered in the Indian Civil Unmanned Aircraft database.
Date of Signature
Issue Name
Place of Designation with
Issue Seal
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Annexure-VI
8. Undertaking:
(a) I hereby declare that the above particulars are true in every respect and that
nothing has been concealed or withheld by me. I have studied the relevant
regulations issued by DGCA from time to time and shall abide by them.
(b) I shall keep RPA Flight Manual / Manufacturer’s Operating Manual (as
applicable) up to date at all times. I shall specify procedures to be followed
by remote pilots and other relevant persons to ensure safety of RPA
operations and shall produce the same as and when demanded by DGCA.
*Note:
1. Fees for issue of Permit is ₹25,000/-
2. Fees for renewal of Permit is ₹10,000/-
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Annexure-VII
Name of operator
Address of operator
E-mail &
Contact No. of operator
This certificate certifies that <operator name> is authorized to perform RPA operations
as defined in the attached operations specifications and in accordance with the
regulations prescribed in CAR Section 3, Series X, Part I.
Date of
Signature
Issue
Date of
Name
Expiry
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UIN Number
Type of operations
Operating limitations
1. Maximum Endurance
2. Maximum Ceiling
Date of Issue
Signatures
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Annexure-VIII
Date of occurrence
Time of occurrence
Place of occurrence
Latitude/Longitude
Make/Model No.
UIN No.
Year of manufacture
Name of operator/company
UAOP No.
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Annexure-IX
No. of
No. Subjects
Classes
Theory Classes 11
1. Regulations of DGCA 01
Practical Training 24
Total Training
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Day 01:
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Day 02:
Day 03:
Flight simulator training (05 Classes)
‒ Pre-flight checks and start-up
‒ Preparation cum coordination for flight
‒ Take-off and flight stage
‒ Approach and landing
‒ After flight checks
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Day 04:
Day 05:
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Annexure-X
Address of Owner/Operator:
1. UIN
2. Category of RPA
3. Date of flight
4. Name of Remote Pilot
5. Place &time of commencement of operation
6. Place &time of termination of operation
7. Hours of flight (00:00 hrs)
8. Remote pilot observation (if any)
9. Record of maintenance as prescribed by manufacturer
10. Compliance record of other instructions issued by
manufacturer
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Annexure-XI
5. Description of RPA, along with the name and address of the owner and the
remote pilot (if owner/pilots are foreigner, information in Sl. No. 2 (g) and (h) be
also provided).
6. In case the task is to be carried out for State/ Central Government, copy of
authority from the concerned Government be provided.
7. Undertaking to comply with the following conditions and any other conditions
as prescribed, if permission is granted:
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c) The exact date and time of actual photography/ remote sensing survey
will be intimated to Air Hqrs. (Directorate of Intelligence) at least two
weeks in advance to enable them to detail a Security Officer.
d) The Security Officer of the Ministry of Defence will be positioned at the
launching site of aerial photography, if considered necessary.
e) Air Hqrs. (Directorate of Intelligence) will be intimated on completion of
photo/survey task and for detailing another Security Officer to check the
cover plots/ photo products/digital data as required.
f) In cases where it is not considered necessary to depute security officer
by the Ministry of Defence, the exposed film will be processed and
plotted but not issued for use till security vetted by a representative of
the Air Hqrs. (Directorate of Intelligence).
g) In case so specified by the Ministry of Defence in their clearance letter,
the film/digital image after exposure will be processed in the presence of
Air Force representative designated who will vet them from security
angle before releasing them.
h) Government will not be liable for any loss or damages of films/digital data
while in their custody.
i) Where exposed films/ digital data have to be conveyed outside India
because facilities to develop/ process them do not exist in the country,
Ministry of Defence will be informed of this fact at the initial stage of
application.
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Annexure-XII
Note:
The above list of Identified Area for Operation of RPAS excludes the restricted areas
notified by various Government agencies.
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Annexure-XIII
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Annexure-XIV
MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR MANUFACTURING OF SMALL AND ABOVE
CATEGORIES OF RPAS (BOTH INDIAN & FOREIGN)
Design/ Manufacturing Standards:
a. All-up-weight
b. Wing span/rotor diameter (as applicable)
c. Stall speed
d. Cruise speed (minimum and maximum speeds at which the RPA remains stable and
operational need to be established)
e. Range (maximum range travelled in still air, to be established)
f. Endurance
g. Operational altitude
h. Ceiling height
i. Propeller speed and pitch for safe operation
j. Powerplant - engine/battery operated (utility of source of supplying power to the RPA, and
its adequacy to support the RPA during its entire operational phase, must be
demonstrated).
k. Payload (strength requirements to be specified in term of limits loads i.e. maximum loads
to be expected in operation. Simplified structural design criteria may be used for RPA. The
structure must be able to support limit loads without detrimental, permanent deformation).
l. Shock absorbing mechanism of RPA need to be established to ensure that in the event of
rough landing, structure is not damaged.
m. RPA must achieve sufficient energy and controllability at the end of the launch to ensure
safe and controllable fly-away under any operating conditions.
n. Type of data-link used for communication (frequency band etc.).
o. Type of material for construction (to meet approved specifications for ensuring strength
and other properties assumed in the design data).
p. Fabrication Method (methods of fabrication used for designing RPA must produce
consistently sound structure).
q. Structure must be suitably protected against deterioration or loss of strength in operation
due to any cause i.e. weathering, corrosion and abrasion.
r. Fire resistant identification plate on RPA for inscribing UIN.
s. Compliance to Digital Sky Platform Specifications for “No Permission – No Takeoff
(NPNT)” for small and above RPA. (NPNT Specifications available in DGCA RPAS
guidance manual).
t. Instruments/ Equipment and Qualification Testing
i) Instruments/ Equipment
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers for horizontal and vertical
position fixing.
Geo-fencing capability.
Autonomous Flight Termination System or Return Home (RH) option.
Flashing anti-collision strobe lights.
RFID and GSM SIM Card.
Flight controller with flight data logging capability.
SSR transponder (Mode ‘C’ or ‘S’) or ADS-B OUT equipment.
Barometric equipment with capability for remote sub-scale setting.
Detect and Avoid capability.
ii) Qualification testing
Environmental tests
EMI/EMC test.
Any other tests carried out by the OEM.
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