MUN Preparation Guide For Advisors
MUN Preparation Guide For Advisors
MUN Preparation Guide For Advisors
MODEL UN
CONFERENCE PREPARATION
GUIDE
For Advisors
ADAPTED FROM THE UNA-USA MODEL UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ADVISOR’S GUIDE BY
THE UNITED NATIONS ASSOCIATION OF GREATER BOSTON
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Conference Schedule...................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Meals .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 7
In order to alleviate the stress of preparing for the “unknown,” this guide has been created for MUN
faculty advisors.
Preparation is essential to every Model United Nations team, though each teacher works under different
circumstances. Some groups have only a few opportunities to meet before a Model United Nations
conference. Other teachers are able to meet with their delegates weekly or have older students work with
younger participants. You can organize your team any way you want as long as you provide them with an
opportunity to be well prepared for the simulation. This guide provides the necessary tools for getting your
group ready for the Model UN Conference.
If you have any questions regarding conference preparation, please feel free to contact the UNA-GB Global
Education Staff at (617) 482-4587 or via e-mail: education@unagb.org
Recruitment Officer
Recruiting is an integral part of creating either a Model UN club or class. Once students agree to join, they usually become
fascinated by the simulation and end up staying. One suggestion for encouraging recruitment is to invite a past delegate to speak
about his or her previous interest, either by holding a special interest session or (sometimes more effectively) by word of mouth. It
is important to deputize student interest and involvement by having experienced participants take initiative. Teachers can also have
in-class simulations; once students start MUN they usually can't stop. Of course, there is finally the traditional method of putting
up posters and hosting an informational meeting. At the meeting, teachers can show a video about MUN (such as UNA-USA's
Model UN for Everyone video) or have other students discuss their experiences, involvement, etc.
Organizer
As Model UN conferences are in different locations, faculty advisors will often be planning travel arrangements and other
logistical matters. The most successful way to organize a group would be with the help of more experienced students in leadership
roles helping manage these concerns and the club's day-to-day activities. The faculty advisor should assign leadership roles or even
have the students elect leaders. Usually students will rise to the occasion.
Motivator
At various points along the path of preparing for an upcoming Model UN conference, students may begin to doubt their abilities as
they experience new challenges. An advisor has to create a sense of both interest and engagement in the process in order to ease
these fears.
Instructor
For a class advisor, fashioning a course structure that satisfies both academic requirements and the demands of the simulation can
be challenging. If you are the advisor to a club and there is no credit given or offered for the experience, there may be a lack of
academic interest or discipline as well. An advisor has to create such a structure, where both types of Model UN groups will
successfully achieve their requirements.
Setter of Boundaries
It is important that faculty advisors set clear parameters about what is acceptable behavior and what is not. Advisors should
encourage students to enjoy the conference and acknowledge that this will include an active social life, but also point out that any
behavior that will bring discredit to the team or to the school will be met sternly and swiftly. There should be flexibility and open-
mindedness, but there should be no question about the nature and extent of rules and codes of conduct.
Cheerleader
By visiting students during their statements and speeches at committee sessions, in other words, by showing support, teachers
provide students with a valuable sense of approval and confidence. Many advisors take the delegation to dinner at least once
during the conference. This builds team-work, trust and camaraderie between both the students and their advisor.
Publicist
UNA-GB Model UN Conference Preparation Guide for Advisors
v
The task of telling the world that you are engaged in something unique and academically useful belongs to you. Faculty advisors
can prepare a report about the activities of the delegation after they return from a conference, and urge a campus Information
Officer to develop a press release about the group's achievements. Photos of students interacting at a conference are often useful
attachments to a press release.
Evaluator
Feedback is an important aspect of every successful academic experience. Advisors should use both an anonymous written
evaluation and a general discussion with the students to gather this information
Conference Logistics
Deadlines
All deadlines are published in a separate supplement provided by UNA-GB.
Be sure to provide accurate contact information about the advisor(s) as well as your best estimate of the
number of students you intend to bring. Invariably, this number will change as the conference approaches -
please keep us informed of your current number of delegates.
PLEASE NOTE: A supplement for this Guide will be posted on the conference website.
Country Preferences
The Country Matrix will be available on or before the registration deadline. Documents will be sent to
registered schools via email and available online. Schools bringing both a high school and middle school
delegation (when appropriate) should submit two forms. Further advice on submitting your country
preferences is on the following page.
Topic Guides
Topic Guides are created for each of the conference‘s committees. They are informational aids that discuss
the committee, topics on the agenda, and questions delegates should consider in their research. Please feel
free to photocopy the topic guides for your delegates. The Global Education staff at UNA-GB will also
assemble additional updated information regarding specific topics. Contact us for more information on these
resources.
After you have registered for the UNA-GB Model UN conference, you will receive country assignments for
your delegation. Please note that these country assignments are made on a ―first come, first served‖ basis.
Although we do our best to give schools their preferred countries, with many schools attending the
conference, this may not be possible.
For example, if your school has been chosen to represent Brazil (see chart below), you could assign
between 4 and 6 students to that country—two to the Security Council and either one or two each to the
Commission on Human Rights and ECOSOC. It is important that each of your assigned countries is
represented by at least one student in each committee.
Security Council
Total Delegates
ECOSOC
CHR
Country
Benin 4
Bhutan 3
Brazil 6
When selecting delegations and assigning students to committees, think about their assets and weaknesses,
as well as personalities. Pairing an experienced delegate and a new delegate together is a common method,
but so is placing the stronger delegates together in particular committees. Remember that your most
advanced students should be placed in the Security Council.
Assigning students to countries and committees can be a daunting task, especially for the first time
advisor. If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to call or e-mail us! We are
more than happy to help.
UNA-GB Model UN Conference Preparation Guide for Advisors
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UNA-GB Model UN Conference Preparation Guide for Advisors
4
DIRECTIONS TO THE CONFERENCE
The conference will take place on the campus of Northeastern University in Boston‟s Back Bay.
Several weeks prior to the conference, all advisors will receive detailed information about conference
check-in and room locations.
On the weekends, parking is available in the Columbus Ave. lot (between the two parking garages) on a first-
come, first-served basis. In addition, parking is available in the Renaissance Parking Garage, the taller
garage at the corner of Columbus Ave. and Melnea Cass Blvd. When space is available on weekends, buses
may park free of charge in the Columbus Ave. lot. No permit is required. There is also metered parking
available.
SEXUAL HARASSMENT
Sexual harassment will not be tolerated. The conference defines sexual harassment as:
"(1) Unwanted sexual advances that may take the form of inappropriate sexual or suggestive comments,
sounds or jokes; unsolicited touching or fondling; unwanted intercourse or assault; (2) unwelcome requests
for sexual favors; and (3) such conduct that [has] the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with an
individual's academic or work performance, or of creating an intimidating, hostile or offensive educational,
social, living or working environment."
Any incidents of sexual harassment should be immediately reported a member of the Conference Staff.
DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
Delegates are to obey instructions by any advisor or Model UN staff member, both inside and outside of
committee.
BADGES
Delegates, Advisors and Staff must wear their badges at all times during the conference; they are the only
identification recognized by MUN staff and security officials. Keep them visible at all times to avoid
confusion.
TRASH
Delegates are responsible for their own trash. Each room will be provided with a trash receptacle. After each
committee session, each delegate is to clean his or her own area before leaving the room.
ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Delegates are permitted to use laptops and PDAs during the UNA-GB Model UN Conference, but only for
conference-related work. Cell phones must be turned off at all times. MP3 players (such as iPods) may not
be used during the event; any delegate found using one will have it taken away and given to their faculty
advisor until the end of the conference. UNA-GB is not responsible for lost or stolen property.
In the case of violation of any regulation, the staff reserves the right to dismiss a participant from the
conference.
SUITS
A suit always looks professional and is the best option. Suits should be kept clean and wrinkle-free.
SHOES
Females may wear high-heels, but they may prove uncomfortable after some time. Open-toed shoes must be
professional. Males should wear dress shoes. No sneakers or flip-flops.
HAIR
Hair should be kept looking professional at all times; hair style should not detract from a delegate‘s overall
appearance.
ACTIVITY
To ensure that your students understand the proper attire for the conference, have a dress rehearsal about two
weeks prior to the conference. Have students wear or bring in their conference attire and ask students to vote
on whether the attire is acceptable and if not, what could be improved.
Sample Schedule
8:00am Opening Ceremonies
8:30am-12:00pm Committee Session I
12:00-1:00pm Lunch
1:00-3:30pm Committee Session II
3:30-4:00pm Closing Ceremonies
Meals
The United Nations Association of Greater Boston will provide lunch for all delegates and advisors.
Your roles at the conference include troubleshooter and consultant (on strategy, international relations, etc.).
The important thing is to help them to remember that they have indeed prepared hard for this and that they're
ready for the task. And they ought to enjoy themselves too!
Prepare for the conference by researching their country and topic in advance;
Obey the Conference Code of Conduct;
Obey the Conference Dress Code;
Listen to any instructions from conference staff, who can be identified by their green name badges;
Actively participate in the body‘s debate, including (but not limited to) making speeches, caucusing,
proposing resolutions and amendments, and voting; and
Listen attentively during Opening and Closing Ceremonies.
UNA-GB believes that preparation for and participation in Model UN conferences is a superb learning
experience for young people. UNA-GB acknowledges delegations that do a superb job of representing their
country and although the Conference Secretariat provides awards, we strongly believe that this should not be
sole purpose of attending a Model UN Conference.
Model United Nations is designed to teach the participants about certain international problems and the
obstacles to their resolution. Each nation must define its own interests and advance them at a UNA-GB
Model UN Conference. Our praise goes to those delegates who can solve international problems while still
maintaining the integrity of their national interests, but we also praise those delegates whose interest lies in
maintaining the status quo and acting in character.
Judging for awards will be based on the following criteria, ranked in order of importance:
DELEGATE ALWAYS DELEGATE HAS DELEGATE HAS DELEGATE DELEGATE DELEGATE ALWAYS
REPRESENTS THE EXCEPTIONAL OUTSTANDING ALWAYS FOLLOWS ALWAYS ACTS IN A INITIATES
OUTSTANDING (4)
POLICIES OF HIS/HER UN STRUCTURE TOPICS BASED ON RULES OF MANNER DURING FORMAL AND
NATION, AND MOST AND FUNCTIONS BACKGROUND PROCEDURE SPEECHES, INFORMAL DEBATE
SPEECHES AND AND GUIDES THROUGHOUT NEGOTIATIONS
NEGOTIATIONS HAVE THE DEMONSTRATES DEBATE AND COMMITTEE
BEST INTEREST OF THE THIS PROCEEDINGS
COUNTRY IN MIND THROUGHOUT
DEBATE
DELEGATE RARELY DELEGATE HAS DELEGATE HAS DELEGATE DELEGATE DOES DELEGATE IS NOT
NEEDS IMPROVEMENT
1. Delegates need to learn enough about their country to respond to the issues raised at the conference just as a
real delegate from that country would respond at the United Nations. Being clear on the nation‘s voting
records, which countries the country generally votes with, and what initiatives the country has sponsored will
help delegates to portray and role-play as delegates from that country when they are at the conference. In
addition, delegates must learn general information about the country they are representing: its political
structure, history, culture(s), geography, people, infrastructure, economics, transnational issues, the country's
allies and enemies in the world, and to what formal organizations it belongs (such as "OAS," "OAU," "EU,"
"LAS," "ASEAN," "OECD," "OPEC," etc.). Some sources to find out country information:
a. News and media sources, particularly those that focus on the specific country and UN activities
throughout the world, are a great resource. Our most recommended site to begin country research is
the BBC, at www.bbc.co.uk. The BBC web site has a brief country profile for all 192 member states.
We have also compiled a separate document, Research Links, with recommendations for students.
Again, it is encouraged that students keep up to date on their country‘s current events.
b. The country's permanent UN Mission can be a useful resource. Delegates can visit the mission‘s web
site or call the directly and ask them to send their position statements on various issues. You can even
contact them to ask specific questions to find out how a particular country reacts to an issue.
c. Delegates can look on the U.S. State Department country reports or call the U.S. State Department
desk officer for their country to ask the secretary about the country's relationships with the U.S. You
can also ask questions about anything else related to that country and the issues being discussed at the
conference.
d. Another great source of information is the CIA World Factbook. Here delegates can find a lot of
general information such as statistics, demographics and historical information. The CIA web address
is www.cia.gov.
e. The United Nations web site has an abundance of information including actual speeches and country
voting records. You can find it at www.un.org
f. Additional links can be found on www.unagb.org by clicking Research Resources
2. Next, delegates should research the topic at hand. The background guides are intended to jumpstart delegates‘
research. The ―Research Sites‖ and ―Questions to Consider‖ portions of the background guides, as well as the
footnote citations, will help focus your research. Delegates should further research the general information on
the topic, the country's position about the topic, actions taken to combat the problem, and stances of other
countries, blocs, etc. Great areas to look for information include:
a. News and Media sources. Delegates should consult their local libraries or a university library to see if you
can access Lexis-Nexus Academic Universe. Lexis-Nexus is a system that searches thousands of
periodicals. Another service is Questia. This costs about $15.00 per month, but allows people to access
thousands of documents via their personal computer. Delegates should also use the Internet to locate news
and media sources.
b. The United Nations web site is always a useful site for topic research. The UN Economic and Social
Council section has a great index to some of the most popular topics. In addition, through the United
Nations Documentation Center you can find resolutions and voting records from the current and previous
years.
UNA-GB Model UN Conference Preparation Guide for Advisors
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c. Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) offer a lot of background information, and in many cases, great
Internet links to further sources of research.
d. Policy centers of universities. Many topics, especially human rights, are the subject of constant research
by both professors and students.
b. A three-ring binder or a specific MUN folder will help students keep all information, including their
Delegate Handbook and research information, organized. Background guides will help students
understand what they will be expected to discuss at the conference.
c. Delegates should follow current events by reading newspapers daily, especially those within the Security
Council as they may be asked to respond to ―crises‖ within the simulation.
UN RESEARCH
Delegates cannot forget to learn about the United Nations. In many cases this is the area of research that is most
overlooked. It is important for delegates to know how the organ/agency that they are in operates, the text of the UN
Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, recent UN actions on the issue, conferences that have been
held, statements by UN officials etc. The UN website, www.un.org, is the best resource to find this information. The
UN also publishes many books about the specific topics and general UN information, which can be purchased via their
web site. If a delegate is in NYC, it is possible to even set up a briefing with a UN secretariat member. This can be
done by calling the Department of Public Inquiries at (212) 963-7710.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
A great resource for new and experienced delegates alike is Model UN 101, a website by UNA-USA which addresses
preparing for Model UN conferences. UNA-USA‘s website provides on-line resources to aid delegates with
negotiation and position paper/resolution writing skills. You can find this information by visiting
http://www.unausa.org/munpreparation
Length:
Position papers are a maximum of one page for each country within the committee (e.g. in the Security
Council, delegates from each country will write one paper, regardless of whether there are one or two
students representing that country).
Position papers are often broken up into two sections. The first includes the policy statement and is
preceded by the heading ―General Statement,‖ while the second includes the country‘s background on
the topic and action the country would support. This section is titled ―Specifics.‖ This format is
encouraged, as it allows for very clear position papers.
Deadline:
Position papers are due to UNA-GB one or two weeks before the conference. See website or supplement
for deadlines.
Send To:
Education Staff
The United Nations Association of Greater Boston
44 – 46 Temple Place, 5th Floor
Boston, MA 0211
Fax: (617) 482-0937
Email: (Word format is preferred) unagb.mun@gmail.com
Delegate(s):
School:
Country:
Committee:
Topic:
I. General Information
II. Specifics
Tips
Research, Research, Research
DO NOT restate information found in the topic guide.
DO NOT include information about your country that is not related to the issue.
DO NOT just list facts.
Give recommendations on issue specifics.
Delegate:
School:
Country: Pakistan
Committee: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Topic: Poverty
I. General Information
Poverty is an important subject to discuss because many places and countries around the world are suffering
from the problem. Pakistan believes that it is important to address this topic because it is a problem within its
own country, according to recent figures, 32.6 percent of the people in Pakistan are poverty stricken.
II. Specifics
Pakistan views poverty as not being able to be sick because you won‘t be able to afford the medications to
get well again, or not having a warm shelter to go to at night. Pakistan is still a developing country in the
way that it is still trying to rise up and be able to support itself and have a stable government. The
government has also tried to address the problem and find a solution by delivering better services to the poor.
Because of the problems that poverty has caused in Pakistan, the government developed the Pakistan Poverty
Alleviation Fund as an independent body working with local partners to provide loans, grants, and technical
assistance to the poorest individuals and communities in the country. In order to create this funding group,
the United States funded Pakistan with 90 million dollars worth of World Bank credit.
In February 2005, the DFID (Department for International Development) created the country assistance plan
which addressed income quality their plans to reduce poverty in Pakistan. Their goals were to increase the
education, health, and population services to the poverty stricken. The government and people of Pakistan
are trying to stop people from being labeled as poverty stricken. They are trying to do this by examining the
problems of poverty in places all over Pakistan and identifying the points within the poverty process.
Pakistan‘s solution to poverty with the help of the international community is to raise more money through
trade and development. This would raise the living standard of the people. Economic growth is another way
that the government of Pakistan is planning to help decrease the number of people in poverty in the area. By
getting more employment within the most needed areas, people will be able to raise more money to support
themselves and their families.
Delegate:
School:
Country: Belgium
Committee: Human Rights Council
Topic: Kosovo
I. General Information
The Human Rights Council is concerned with the human rights of minorities in Kosovo due to the fact that they
are being violated and about to be ignored. Since Kosovo has a majority of Albanian residents due to the fleeing
of Serbian families, Serbian rights will not be protected under Albanian led rule. The country of Belgium foresees
the severity of violations this will cause among neighboring countries along with the future strife between the
Albanian and Serbians in which the UN can avoid now. The fact that today‘s minorities can be tomorrow‘s
majority is not the only logical reason to protect the human rights of the Serbians in this country. The rights of
minorities are just as important as the rights of the majority.
II. Specifics
Belgium has found a way to create an equal balance in rights for all people in the country. Because Belgium also
has a minority population, and tensions between two ethnic groups is also very much a part of Belgium, a
partition of the two ethnic groups being the Dutch-speaking and the French-speaking is also in the process. It is
an attempt to create a stable and peaceful place of living, one in which Kosovo will need to achieve before
beginning to grow as a country. On a national level, Belgium will continue to promote equal human rights for all
groups of residents even through separate living as an example to the developing country of Kosovo, who still
needs guidance.
Because Belgium supports Kosovo‘s choice of declaring independence, we support the idea of creating a stable
country for its residents. Some of these residents still include a small community of Serbians that can and most
likely will grow in future years. Belgium agrees that Kosovo‘s acceptance into the E.U. is vital for its growth as a
country; the ability to uphold this level of protection for minorities is also therefore vital. Peiter Feith, of the
newly established International Steering Group on Kosovo said, ―my role will be to insure that the rights and
ways of life of all communities, in particular the Serbian community will be safeguarded.‖ He went on to add that
the ISG had received the necessary commitments from Kosovo‘s leaders. Serbians will continue to schedule
human rights protests until their needs are being met. Belgium supports independence, but we do not support the
degradation of a group of people. ―If the authorities fail to act now, peoples lives may be put at risk as more
protests against Kosovo‘s declaration of independence are being scheduled,‖ says an official from Europe‘s
Amnesty International. Because the safety of the people is at risk, it is evident that steps must be taken to help
cease protests among the Serbian community. Once all people are heard in this country, a possible end to these
protests seems clear.
Belgium would like to see an outline for steps to move Kosovo closer to equal human rights is made and
implemented as soon as possible. Because this had worked in the past (2004, an idea suggested by Kofi Annan),
Kosovo‘s situation with minority rights and lack there of can benefit from this strategy in life saving ways.
Human rights for minority groups should not only be guaranteed in writing via a reformed constitution, schools
should promote these rights among difference ethnic groups in Kosovo. Any place of learning or work that
chooses not to support and uphold such rights, should expect federal intervention by the fullest extent of that
constitution.
INCORPORATES RELEVANT
PRESENTS NO RELEVANT
PRESENTS NO RELEVANT OUTSIDE INCORPORATES LIMITED OR NO OUTSIDE INFORMATION.
POSITION PAPER RUBRIC
OUTSIDE INFORMATION.
INFORMATION. PRESENTS FEW RELEVANT OUTSIDE INFORMATION. INCLUDES RELEVANT FACTS,
ATTEMPTS TO COMPLETE THE
REFERENCES FACTS, EXAMPLES AND DETAILS; USES SOME FACTS, EXAMPLES AND EXAMPLES AND DETAILS, BUT
TASK, BUT ESSAY DEMONSTRATES
SIMPLY RESTATES CONTENTS OF THE DETAILS, BUT DISCUSSION IS MORE DISCUSSION MAY BE MORE
A MAJOR WEAKNESS IN
DOCUMENTS. DESCRIPTIVE THAN ANALYTICAL. DESCRIPTIVE THAN
ORGANIZATION.
ANALYTICAL.
COMMUNICATES WITH FULL
COMMUNICATES WITH A LACK
WRITES A SATISFACTORY CONTROL AND
OF CONTROL AND COMMUNICATES WITH PARTIAL
DEVELOPED ESSAY, UNDERSTANDING OF THE
UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONTROL AND UNDERSTANDING
DEMONSTRATING A GENERAL PLAN CONVENTIONS OF ENGLISH
CONVENTIONS OF ENGLISH OF THE CONVENTIONS OF ENGLISH
MECHANICS OF ORGANIZATION. RESTATES THE GRAMMAR AND USAGE.
GRAMMAR AND USAGE. USES GRAMMAR AND USAGE. USES
20
THEME IN THE INTRODUCTION EXPERIMENTS WITH
INAPPROPRIATE AND/OR FAMILIAR LANGUAGE AND SIMPLE
AND CONCLUDES WITH A SIMPLE SOPHISTICATED LANGUAGE
INCORRECT LANGUAGE AND SENTENCE STRUCTURES.
RESTATEMENT OF THE THEME. AND VARIED SENTENCE
SENTENCE STRUCTURE.
STRUCTURES.
ESTABLISHES AND
ATTEMPTS TO ESTABLISH AND
MAINTAINS CLEAR FOCUS:
LIMITED AWARENESS OF MAINTAIN PURPOSE AND FOCUSES ON A PURPOSE, EVIDENCE
PURPOSE EVIDENCE OF DISTINCTIVE
AUDIENCE AND PURPOSE. COMMUNICATE WITH THE OF VOICE AND SUITABLE TONE.
VOICE AND APPROPRIATE
AUDIENCE.
TONE.
Team-building
First and foremost, let your delegates know what will be expected of them: commitment, hard work, and
teamwork, as well as behavior appropriate for a UN delegate. Secondly, some form of group cooperative
activity may prove useful, particularly if your delegates don't all know one another. It is important for
students to realize that each participant must rely on the others representing the same country to make the
group function well. Games and other non-competitive activities are reinforces. Some schools do this team
building through participation in fund raising events.
Practice
As the saying goes, ―practice makes perfect‖. Hold a mock Model United Nations simulation in class or
after school. You, the advisor, can serve as the chair, while your delegates can debate a current event or one
of the topics to be discussed at the conference. Many schools hold multiple simulations in order to help
delegates practice public speaking, negotiation, resolution writing, and rules of procedure. This also helps
first time delegates ease jitters.
Although speechmaking is integral to the MUN simulation, many delegates' biggest fear is public speaking.
The best way to overcome this fear is to hold simulations where delegates practice public speaking in front
of their class and for delegates to come to the conference well prepared. Meaning they have completed prior
research, know their country's position, and even have objectives for a resolution. Remind delegates that the
audience should always be considered when making a speech, e.g. volume, tone, verbal and body language.
As there are no set guidelines for how delegates should execute their speeches, delegates should decide how
they feel most comfortable addressing the committee. Some utilize their position papers as their opening
speeches, others just write out key points, and many speak without any aides at all. It is important to
practice, practice, practice!
A good opening speech should: 1) Open with: "Thank you Honorable Chair:" And 2) Include:
A brief introduction of your county's history on the topic Past actions taken by the UN and Member States,
The current situation of the topic to combat the problem
The country's overall position on the topic/reason for Possible ideas or objectives for a resolution
position (i.e.: religious ideologies) The Role of NGOs in combating the issue (if
The country's position in relation to its bloc, major powers, applicable)
etc. Whether there is room for negotiation
Mr. Anthony Hogan, from Model UN International, suggests the system of six "C's" to improve your ability:
Confidence, Clarity, Conciseness, Constructiveness, "Con Passion", and Critique.
Confidence: Confidence is portrayed by being them by reviewing what was said. There
as knowledgeable as possible on your subject should be an introduction, a body, and a
and conveying this knowledge through the conclusion. It is a known fact that three is a
power of your voice and eyes. magic number. Say it once, say it and review
Clarity: A speaker can do many things before- it, then say it again. This method will help the
hand to assist them in speaking clearly. It may audience to remember what was said.
be worthwhile to write an outline of the topics "Con Passion": It is always important to
that are going to be said, and follow it when speak from the heart--with passion--hence the
speaking. Delegates should always speak Spanish term "con passion". Always maintain
slowly, know their terminology, and try to eye contact with the audience. In doing so, the
enunciate words properly. audience will feel connected to you and your
Constructiveness: An effective public speech speech. This is what you want. You want to
needs to be constructed properly. Start with a grab and to hold the audience's attention.
solid foundation that brings together all of your Critique: It is better to critique than to
ideas, present your points, and then connect criticize. Critiquing is constructive and allows
UNA-GB Model UN Conference Preparation Guide for Advisors
22
for people to grow and improve. Criticizing
brings peoples' motivation and confidence
down. A critique should be accepted
positively, since it is a tool that is used to
strengthen one's public speaking.
Conciseness: A good public speaker presents
his/her points in a clean and clear-cut fashion.
Unnecessary words and information should not
be used to fill in the speech. The speech should
be brief and to the point -- say what you have
to say and open the floor to questions.
Bring up points in the working papers that have yet to be decided or discussed by the body, or points
of disagreement between two contending working papers in order to clearly delineate the differences;
Convince others of their plan of action and call for input from as many countries as possible in order
to secure their working paper‘s transition into a resolution.
Speeches introducing a draft resolution should not necessarily be a recitation of each clause, but should
highlight significant passages that demonstrate how it differs from other proposals. Sponsors should also
argue why other plans already introduced do not adequately address the topic or issue, and why their plan is
the better choice.
These speeches are generally given by more than one delegation, since draft resolutions are sponsored by
many countries. It is important that delegates are seen as inviting input and compromise in order to achieve
the best resolution possible.
Speeches introducing amendments should not only state the amendment and its purpose, but also stress the
delegation‘s general agreement with the draft resolution. Amendments should not be offered to destroy a
draft resolution, but rather to make it even better. Therefore, these speeches should focus on the positive
aspects of the draft resolution, with the understanding that it can be improved.
While in committees
Your delegates should know that they are expected to articulate their delegation's perspectives on the issues
in the sessions. To do so, delegates will need to get their delegation onto the speakers list. This list grows
fairly long, so making it a habit to get their country on the list regularly will enable the delegates to speak
more frequently during the sessions. Should their turn come up and they have nothing to say, they can simply
give the floor over to another delegation or decline to use the time themselves.
Please do not hesitate to offer advice to delegates at the conference, regardless of what school they are
from. We only ask that you refrain from coaching students while they are speaking as part of the
committee‟s formal procedure; we ask that you wait until they are finished.
ROLL CALL
The Chairperson will announce each country‘s name. When a delegate‘s country is called, the delegate should answer ―present.‖
Formal Debate: Formal debate revolves around a Informal Debate: Informal debate involves discussion
speakers list. The Chair begins by asking all delegates outside of the speakers list. During moderated caucuses,
interested in addressing the other members to raise their the Chair calls on delegates one-by-one so that each can
placards. The Chair then chooses delegates to be placed address the committee in short speeches. During
on the speakers list. A country may only be on the unmoderated caucuses, the committee breaks for a
speakers list once, but delegates may add their country to temporary recess so that delegates may meet with each
the end of the list after their speech. other and discuss ideas.
1a. When the session begins, speeches focus on stating 1b. After several countries state their positions, the
country positions and offering recommendations for committee breaks for unmoderated caucuses (often in
action. blocs) to develop regional positions using their
working papers.
2a. After blocs have met, speeches focus on describing
bloc positions to the entire body. 2b. Writing begins as countries work together to compose
draft resolutions.
3a. Delegates now make statements describing their
draft resolutions to the committee. 3b. Countries and groups meet to gather support for
specific draft resolutions.
4a. Delegates try to garner more support through formal
speeches and invite others to offer their ideas. 4b. Delegates finalize draft resolutions.
5a. Delegates make statements supporting or disagreeing
with specific draft resolutions. 5b. Draft-resolution sponsors build greater support for
their resolution and look to incorporate others‘ ideas
6a. Delegates present any amendments they have
through friendly amendments.
created.
CLOSURE OF DEBATE
Once the speakers list has been exhausted, the committee will automatically move to immediate voting procedures. Once a
delegate feels that they have made their country's position clear and that there are enough draft resolutions on the floor, he or she
may make a motion to proceed into voting procedure by moving for the closure of debate.
VOTING PROCEDURES
Once a motion to close debate has been approved, the committee moves into voting procedures. Any amendments that are still
being debated are voted upon before the resolution that they modify.
Rule 2. Decorum
Delegates are to obey instruction given by UNA-GB MUN staff. Those who do not obey directions will be
dismissed from the conference.
II. SECRETARIAT
Rule 3. Statements by the Secretariat
The Secretary-General or his representative may make oral as well as written statements to any committee
concerning any issue.
III. AGENDA
Rule 5. Agenda
The Secretary-General or his/her representative shall communicate the agenda to the delegates before the
conference.
Once a delegate yields his/her time, the second delegate (the one who has been yielded to) may not yield any
remaining time.
V. POINTS
Rule 14. Point of Personal Privilege
During the discussion of any matter, a delegate may raise a Point of Personal Privilege, and the Chair shall
immediately address the Point of Personal Privilege. A Point of Personal Privilege must refer to a matter of
personal comfort, safety and/or well being of the members of the committee. The Chair may refuse to
recognize a Point of Personal Privilege if the delegate has not shown proper restraint and decorum, or if the
point is dilatory in nature.
VI. MOTIONS
Rule 18. Suspend the Meeting (Motion to Caucus)
Upon the recommendation of the Chair or any delegate, the committee may consider a motion to Suspend the
Meeting for the purpose of a moderated or un-moderated caucus. The recommendation must include a time
limit for delegate remarks (in moderated caucus), a purpose for the caucus (in moderated caucus), and a time
limit for the entire caucus (in both moderated and un-moderated). For example, ―motion for a 10 minute
moderated caucus, delegate speaking time set at 45 seconds to discuss draft resolution 1.4‖ or ―motion for a
10 minute unmoderated caucus for the purpose of discussing amendments to resolution 1.4‖ This motion
requires a majority decision. During moderated caucus, the chair shall recognize delegates for remarks
without the use of a speakers list and yields shall be out of order.
VII. RESOLUTIONS
Rule 23. Submission of Working Papers, Draft Resolutions, and Amendments
Working papers, draft resolutions, and amendments shall be submitted to the Chair typed and with the proper
number of signatures, 20 percent of the committee, as designated in the Resolutions section of the delegate
guide. The Chair may permit discussion and consideration of proposals and amendments once approved,
even if the documents have not been circulated through the committee.
VIII. VOTING
Rule 26. Methods of Decision
All procedural decisions except closure of debate and motions to suspend debate shall be made by a simple
majority of the delegations present and voting. Delegations physically present in the committee may not
abstain on procedural motions. Decisions on draft resolutions and amendments shall require a simple
majority in favor. However, the Security Council requires a two-thirds vote (abstentions are allowed) and no
vetoes from China, France, Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
During a roll call vote, delegations may answer with an affirmative vote, a negative vote, an abstention
(when appropriate) or may pass. Delegations passing in the first round of voting will be called upon
alphabetically in a second round, at which time they may only answer with an affirmative or negative vote or
an abstention. Delegations that appear to be voting out of policy may reserve the right to explain their vote
by Voting with Rights. Delegations must announce that they are Voting with Rights at the time they cast
their vote. The Chair may permit delegations Voting with Rights to explain their votes after voting has
concluded but before the decision has been announced.
* Exceptions: United Nations Security Council needs nine affirmative votes. In addition to the nine
affirmative votes, an affirmative vote or an abstention on the part of all Permanent Members (France,
People‘s Republic of China, Russian Federation, United States of America, United Kingdom) is required
for the passage of all resolutions.
*Note: All procedural matters in committee are subject to the discretion of the Chairperson. The
Chair may undertake any action that is not covered in the Rules of Procedure in order to facilitate the
flow of debate at the conference.
Working Papers
While delegates are drafting resolutions and before they are introduced formally into debate, they are
referred to as ―working papers.‖ This term emphasizes that the proposal is in a draft stage and should be
completely open to input from other delegates and countries. While a working paper is being prepared the
sponsor(s) should attempt to garner as much support as possible from other delegates in order to ensure their
work becomes a resolution.
Delegates write working papers alone or with others, but must always gain the support of a certain number of
countries in the committee before submitting them to the dais (or committee staff). The UNA-GB Model UN
Conference requires signatures from 20 percent of the countries present in order to submit a working paper
(this number will be announced at the beginning of each session). Only when the Chair formally accepts the
document and assigns it a number can it be referred to in formal debate.
There are three main parts to a resolution: the heading, the preamble and the operative section. The heading
shows the committee and topic along with the resolution number. It also lists the resolution‘s sponsors and
signatories. Each resolution is one long sentence with sections separated by commas and semicolons. The
subject of the sentence is the body making the statement (e.g., the General Assembly, Economic and Social
Council or Security Council).
Actions of the United Nations are expressed in resolutions that are submitted in draft form under the
sponsorship of one or more delegations. Resolutions may simply reflect an opinion or may recommend
action to be taken by a UN organ or related agency. Only the Security Council may make ―decisions‖ that
bind Member States to a certain course of action.
Delegates should not to come to the MUN Conference with a prepared draft resolution, but instead should
bring a working paper with points your country would support in a draft resolution.
When drafting and sponsoring a resolution, delegates should keep in mind that the wording will influence its
appeal (or lack thereof). The draft resolution should be clear, concise and specific. The substance should be
well researched and reflect the character and interests of the sponsoring nations.
United Nations resolutions follow a common format. Each resolution has three parts: the heading, the
preamble, and the operative clauses. It is one long sentence with commas and semicolons throughout the
resolution and with a period at the very end. Drafts should be single-spaced. The first word in each clause
should be underlined, and each clause in the preamble should end with a comma. All operative clauses end
with a semicolon except the final clause, which ends with a period. A sample draft resolution has been
included.
PART 1: Heading
Signatories are countries that may or may not agree with the substance of the resolution, but would like to
see it debated on the floor. A signatory may or may not vote in favor of a draft resolution he or she has
signed on to.
PART 2: Preamble
The purpose of the preamble is to show that there is a problem that needs to be solved. However, the preamble of a
resolution does not propose action or make any substantive statement in the topic at hand. The preamble begins with
the name of one of the three major organs (e.g. ―Human Rights Council,‖). The preambulatory clauses should include:
Preambulatory Phrases:
Operative clauses are set out to achieve the committee's main policy goals on the topic. Each operative clause begins
with a number and ends with a semicolon (the final clause ends with a period). Operative clauses should be organized
in a logical progression, and each clause should contain a single idea or policy proposal. Keep in mind that all
resolutions except those passed by the Security Council are non-binding.
Operative Phrases:
Reminding all nations of the celebration of the 50th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, which recognizes the inherent dignity, equality, and inalienable rights of all global citizens,
Reaffirming resolution 33/1996 of 25 July 1996, which encourages governments to work with established
UN bodies aimed at improving the coordination and effectiveness of humanitarian assistance, and
Noting with satisfaction the past efforts of various relevant UN bodies and Non-Governmental
Organizations,
1. Encourages all relevant agencies of the United Nations to collaborate more closely with countries at
the grassroots level to enhance relief efforts;
2. Urges member states to comply with the goals of the UN Department of Humanitarian Affairs to
streamline efforts of humanitarian aid;
3. Requests that all nations develop rapid deployment forces to better enhance the coordination of relief
efforts and humanitarian assistance in complex emergencies; and
(PUT THE WORD „AND‟ BEFORE THE LAST PREAMBULATORY AND OPERATIVE CLAUSE)
4. Calls for the development of a United Nations Trust Fund that encourages voluntary donation from
the private transnational sector to aid in the funding of rapid deployment forces.
N.B. Security Council resolutions always conclude with ―Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.‖
One or more delegates write a working paper. The authors of a working paper, also known as the sponsor(s),
then obtain a required number of country signatures
STEP 2
The sponsor(s) take the working paper to the Chair, who approves the working paper only if:
a. It is in proper format, does not contain a substantial number of mistakes, and is legible if handwritten;
b. It carries the required number of signatures;
c. It is in character for the sponsor(s); and
d. Its subject matter and proposed actions are within the power of the respective committee or organ.
If any of those conditions are not met, the Chair returns the working paper to the sponsor(s) explaining his or
her reasons.
Only approved working papers can be referred to by the delegates on the floor. Since at this stage many
delegates may not yet have seen a working paper, it is advised that the sponsors talk about the ideas and /or
provisions contained in the papers, instead of referring to particular preambulatory and/or operative clauses.
STEP 3
If the conditions outlined under step two are met, and there are no other working papers circulating which are
similar in substance, the Chair approves it. He/she then assigns it a number and a priority, and sends it to
Conference Services for final copying. At this point, the working paper can now be referred to as a draft
resolution.
Note that the Chair may, in the interest of time and/or if the committee is nearing the closure of debate on a
certain agenda item, proceed directly to Step 4. However, all of the relevant conditions outlined in Steps 1-3
have to be met by the sponsor(s).
STEP 4
Copies of the draft resolution are distributed to all delegates. Sponsor(s) are given the floor to introduce the
document as a draft resolution. They may also get on the speakers list and/or have time yielded to them in
order to answer questions about the draft resolution.
Final refinement of the draft resolution in regular debate occurs through friendly amendments, which are
submitted by the sponsor(s) and automatically incorporated into the text. Should there be significant changes
at this time, the Chair may decide to proceed again from Step 3.
Once the debate is closed and the body moves into formal voting procedure, the draft resolution(s) and
unfriendly amendments, if any, are voted upon in the order determined by the Chair.
Reminding all nations of the celebration of the 50th Anniversary of the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights, which recognizes the inherent dignity, equality, and
inalienable rights of all global citizens,
*Note: Amendment sheets will be provided for delegates to follow when drafting them during sessions.
CONCLUSION
Delegates should not feel that the purpose of the MUN simulation is to pass as many resolutions as possible
in the limited time allotted. The success of a committee does not rest on the number of resolutions passed. It
is much more important that delegates work toward a valid simulation of the diplomatic interactions that
occur at the UN, which may mean that no resolutions are passed at all! However, the committee will attempt
to create a coherent and unified solution.
The remainder of this guide contains lesson activities and accompanying handouts for students. Each activity
is devoted to a specific topic or skill that students should master in preparation for a UNA-GB Model UN
Conference. The lessons allow students to become immersed in international affairs while building essential
reading comprehension, writing, public speaking and research skills. We hope that you will find these
activities helpful in your preparation for a UNA-GB Model UN Conference.
MODEL UN RESEARCH
POSITION PAPERS
WRITING A RESOLUTION
MODEL UN PROCEDURES
Resources: Computers with Internet access, and the ―Model UN Scavenger Hunt‖ handout
Procedure:
1. Announce the names of the below documents (The answers are in bold writing):
a. The UN Charter (http://www.un.org/aboutun/charter/index.html)
b. Security Council Membership (http://www.un.org/Docs/sc/)
c. A. UN General Assembly Resolution (http://www.un.org/documents/resga.htm)
d. The names of three of the last Secretary-Generals (http://www.un.org/sg/formersgs.shtml)
e. Declaration of Human Rights (http://www.un.org/Overview/rights.html)
f. Amnesty International website (http://www.amnesty.org)
g. UNA-USA MUN website
(http://www.unausa.org/site/pp.asp?c=fvKRI8MPJpF&b=482843)
h. CIA Fact Book (http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html)
i. The Commission on Human Rights (http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu2/2/chr.htm)
j. The Commission on Sustainable Development (http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/)
k. The European Union‘s Home Page (http://europa.eu.int)
l. Security Council Resolution 1373 (http://www.un.org/Docs/scres/2001/sc2001.htm)
m. Chair of UN Missions Home-Pages (http://www.un.int/index-en/webs.html)
n. Bonus: The World Magazine and Newspaper Chair (http://www.ecola.com)
2. Have your students write the web-sites where they found the information on the Model UN Scavenger
Hunt hand-out.
Procedure:
1. Have your students research their countries by answering the questions on the sheet titled, “Getting
to Know Your Country”.
Resources: Topic guides, library, computers with Internet access, UN resolutions and periodicals.
Procedure:
1. After students have researched their country see (―Getting to Know Your Country‖), have them
answer the questions raised in the background guides from the committee that they are sitting on.
2. Once the students have compiled their answers, have them present their findings to your Model UN
team in the form of a speech. Tell the student to pretend that this group is the committee that they
will be working with at the Model UN conference.
3. Allow other students to ask two questions to each speaker, after he/she has made their speech.
4. Have the students critique each speaker.
Optional: They can do this more than once; each time, students should incorporate new information
or work with new partners. Each resolution they compose will help deepen their
understanding of the topic, and of their country’s position. (Students will not be allowed to
bring pre-written resolutions to the conference, but this activity will help prepare them for
the collaboration and discussion necessary for composing a resolution at the conference.)
International
General Security Economic and Trusteeship
Secretariat Court of
Assembly Council Social Council Council
Justice
What do they
do? / What
topics do they
discuss?
If it is a
voting body,
how does it
vote?
When and
where does it
meet?
What makes it
different from
other organs?
This body
This Body The decisions Assisted provides legal
This Body can regularly are legally territories in opinions on
discuss any They work all works with binding and achieving cases and on
topic that the over the Non- may be independence the
members wish world. Governmental enforced or joining interpretation
to speak about. Organizations through neighboring of
(NGOs). sanctions. countries International
Treaties.
UN This body UN
This Body
Headquarters meets with the Headquarters This is not
ceased to exist
full Simple made up of
with the New York, New York,
membership of majority Member
independence NY NY
the United States.
of Palau. United States United States
Nations.
Bonus
14. The World Magazine and Newspaper Chair: _________________________________________
Did you find any other interesting websites? If yes, what were they? ____________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Climate _____________________________________________________________________________
Ports/waterways ______________________________________________________________________
Population __________________________________________________________________________
Allies/blocs _________________________________________________________________________
Has this nation signed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and its two covenants? Yes ___No __
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Industries ___________________________________________________________________________
Energy sources (both the type of energy and its origin) _______________________________________
Based upon your research, what do you feel is at the heart of this nation‘s identity? ________________
The freedom to practice one‘s professed faith is protected. However, violations of freedom of
religion are still being committed in every region of the world. I believe that such violations exist despite
protests from the governments of states where religious intolerance is believed to exist. Repeatedly, non-
governmental organizations (NGOs) have addressed this committee regarding the numerous instances of
religious intolerance they have experienced worldwide. Reports have been recently published on such
findings in this area and calls for action. Furthermore, our country asserts that the fleeing of people from
their homeland in order to escape religious persecution is an atrocious human rights violation that is
reminiscent of a war that once turned the states of the world against each other.
Although there is also a small minority of Catholics and other Protestants, Denmark has not
experienced difficulty in toleration of these minority religions. Denmark was one of the first to sign the
Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. Under Danish law, no person may be denied civil or
political rights or political liberty because of his or her religious beliefs. In public schools, parents are given
the option of excluding their children from Evangelical Lutheran religious instruction.
Denmark does not recognize religious traditions or cultural aspects as an argument against following
universal human rights. Such an argument would violate the major principles that the United Nations was
founded upon. Denmark is aware that suppression of religious freedom does, unfortunately, occur within
the borders of the European Union. But we can not tell other countries what to do our how to act. In a
perfect world this would not happen.
Denmark urges the formation of an educational plan of action would help spread religious tolerance
worldwide. We also would like to see the use of previous UN doctrines and enforce existing resolutions.
In conclusion Denmark, does not have too many problems with religious intolerance. We wish,
however, that it did not occur in other parts of the world, and that the other nations would adopt our
solutions.
In the space provided write your ideas for how this paper can be improved.
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Across
3. The opportunity for delegates to share their views with the entire committee.
5. After a delegate has given a speech in formal debate, s/he may choose to yield his or her
time to this point.
7. Motion in order for the committee to move into voting procedure.
8. Motion in order to suspend the meeting for the purpose of a regular caucus or a moderated
caucus.
9. A delegate may move for this point in order to ask the chairperson a question regarding the
rules of procedure.
10. Motion to change the length of time during formal debate.
Down
1. Motion to end the committee session until the next session, which may even be next year.
2. Motion to put work the committee has completed on the topic in which they are currently
discussing on hold.
4. A mixture of both formal and informal debate.
6. During the discussion of any matter, a representative may rise to this point, and the
chairperson in accordance with the rules of procedure shall immediately decide on this point.
UNA-GB Model UN Conference Preparation Guide for Advisors
62
UNPACKING THE PROBLEM
Topic: __________________ (Example: Landmines). When identifying the specific problems associated with this topic, remember your goals are to:
Specific Problems or Issues Potential Actions or Solutions Your Country‟s Position on these Solutions
Example Example Example
Toxic chemicals leak out of landmines and Send demining teams into areas near water Uganda believes it is more important to
pollute water and soil. supplies and fields being used for growing demine areas near schools and hospitals
crops first, before going to other areas. first.
OPERATIVE CLAUSES:
Fill in the missing preambulatory and operative clauses. Refer to the list of phrases provided.
Resolution GA/1.1
24 complex emergencies;
25
26 4. Calls for the development of a United Nations Trust Fund that encourages
27 voluntary donations from the private transnational sector to aid in funding
28 the implementation of rapid deployment forces;
29
30 5. ______________ the continuing need for impartial and objective information
31 on the political, economic and social situations and events of all
32 countries;
33
34 6. ___________________ states to respond quickly and generously to
35 consolidated appeals for humanitarian assistance; and
36
37 7. Requests the expansion of preventive actions and assurance of post-conflict
38 assistance through reconstruction and development.
5. Stresses the continuing need for impartial and objective Operative clause
11 information on the political, economic and social
situations and events of all countries;
Topic:
Sponsors:
Signatories:
Preamble
Preambulatory Clause Statement: preambulatory clauses state the reasons the committee is
(first word or phrase addressing the topic and highlights the important past international
should be underlined) actions. Each clause ends with a comma (,).
__________________ ______________________________________________________________
__________________ ______________________________________________________________
__________________ ______________________________________________________________
__________________ ______________________________________________________________
Operative Section
Operative Clause Statement: operative clauses identify the actions or recommendations made
(first word or phrase in a resolution. Operative clauses end in a semi-colon (;). The last operative
should be underlined clause ends with a period (.).
and numbered)
1. _________________ ______________________________________________________________
2. _________________ ______________________________________________________________
3. _________________ ______________________________________________________________
4. _________________ ______________________________________________________________
Identify the word that matches the definition below and find that word in the word search puzzle.
Circle the vocabulary words from above. Words are written up, down, diagonally and backwards.
ADJOURN ADJOURNING THE MEETING ENDS THE COMMITTEE SESSION UNTIL THE SIMPLE
MEETING NEXT SESSION, WHICH MAY BE HELD THE FOLLOWING YEAR. THE
MOTION IS MOST COMMONLY MADE TO END A COMMITTEE SESSION FOR MAJORITY
THE PURPOSE OF LUNCH OR DINNER. IT REQUIRES AN IMMEDIATE VOTE.
TABLE DEBATE THIS MOTION MUST NOT BE CONFUSED WITH THE MOTION TO ADJOURN TWO-
THE MEETING. TABLING DEBATE ENDS DEBATE ON THE TOPIC.
DELEGATES CAN TABLE DEBATE, MOVE ON TO ANOTHER TOPIC AND THIRDS
RETURN TO THE FIRST TOPIC AT A LATER TIME. TWO DELEGATES MUST MAJORITY
SPEAK IN FAVOR OF TABLING DEBATE AND TWO SPEAK AGAINST IT.
CLOSE DEBATE CLOSING DEBATE ALLOWS THE COMMITTEE TO MOVE INTO VOTING TWO-
PROCEDURE. ONCE A DELEGATE FEELS THAT HIS OR HER COUNTRY’S
POSITION HAS BEEN MADE CLEAR, THAT THERE ARE ENOUGH DRAFT THIRDS
RESOLUTIONS ON THE FLOOR AND THAT ALL OTHER DELEGATES ARE MAJORITY
READY, HE OR SHE CAN MOVE FOR THE CLOSURE OF DEBATE. TWO
DELEGATES USUALLY SPEAK AGAINST THE CLOSURE OF DEBATE, BUT
NONE SPEAK FOR IT.
APPEAL THE THIS MOTION IS MADE WHEN A DELEGATE FEELS THAT THE CHAIRPERSON NO VOTE
CHAIR’S HAS MADE AN INCORRECT DECISION. THE APPEAL MUST FIRST BE MADE IN
DECISION WRITING.
POINT OF ORDER POINTS OF ORDER ARE USED WHEN DELEGATES BELIEVE THE CHAIR HAS NO VOTE
MADE AN ERROR IN THE RUNNING OF THE COMMITTEE. DELEGATES
RISING TO POINTS OF ORDER MAY NOT SPEAK ON THE SUBSTANCE OF THE
MATTER UNDER DISCUSSION. THEY SHOULD ONLY SPECIFY THE ERRORS
THEY BELIEVE WERE MADE IN THE FORMAL COMMITTEE PROCEDURE.
POINT OF WHEN THE FLOOR IS OPEN (I.E., NO OTHER DELEGATE IS SPEAKING), A NO VOTE
INQUIRY (OR DELEGATE MAY RISE TO A POINT OF INQUIRY IN ORDER TO ASK THE
POINT OF CHAIRPERSON A QUESTION REGARDING THE RULES OF PROCEDURE.
PARLIAMENTARY
PROCEDURE)
POINT OF AFTER A DELEGATE HAS GIVEN A SPEECH IN FORMAL DEBATE, HE OR SHE NO VOTE
INFORMATION MAY YIELD TIME TO POINTS OF INFORMATION, OR QUESTIONS FROM
5. If a delegate does not want to use their chance to speak or remaining time, they can _____________ their
time to the chair, another delegate or to questions.
6. When debating a Division of the Question, ______ speakers should speak in favor and ________ can
speak against.
7. A motion to _______________ _________ _________________ will end the session for the day.
8. A motion to _______________ _________________ will table the topic and move on to the next agenda
item.
9. When setting up a Provisional Speaker‘s List, ______ speakers should speak in favor and ________ can
speak against.
Once the chair approves the document, (4) the sponsors __________________________________________.
Task 2: In the space provided identify what is wrong with this resolution.
1. __________________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________________________________________
5. __________________________________________________________________________________
6. __________________________________________________________________________________
7. __________________________________________________________________________________
8. __________________________________________________________________________________
9. __________________________________________________________________________________
UNA-GB Model UN Conference Preparation Guide for Advisors
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UNA-GB Model UN Conference Preparation Guide for Advisors