1933

Oil concession agreement signed

On May 29, an oil concession agreement is signed between Saudi Arabia and Standard
Oil Company of California (Socal). On November 8, a subsidiary company, California
Arabian Standard Oil Company (Casoc) is created to manage the concession.

1934
First geological survey of Dammam Dome completed

Schuyler B. "Krug" Henry and J.W. "Soak" Hoover complete their survey and structural
contour map of the Dammam Dome, the location of the first oil field discovery in Saudi
Arabia.

The Bedouin guide Khamis ibn Rimthan helps exploration

Early American geologists rely on Bedouins to guide them from one place to another.
The most famous guide is Khamis ibn Rimthan, from the Ujman tribe. His expertise
becomes indispensable and his cross-desert navigational talents leave the geologists
awestruck.

First plane is used for aerial surveys

A Fairchild 71, specially modified for long-distance flying and aerial photography, arrives
in Jubail in 1934. The plane drastically reduces the time it takes to map the concession
area which is the size of Louisana and Texas combined. Dick Kerr, the plane's pilot as
well as a geologist, helps map the bulk of the concession in 1934 and 1935.

The first Saudi employees hired

Among the first Saudi employees hired is Ahmad Al-Somali. He is one of the best-
known early Saudi construction workers and he is also known by the nickname
'Mussolini' because of his flair for speaking Italian.

1935
First well drilled

The first test well is drilled at Dhahran into the Dammam Dome.

New pier at al-Khobar

The pier at al-Khobar is built, allowing the delivery of materials and supplies to build the
infrastructure needed by the new company. The building of the pier marks one of the
company's first major hiring efforts to employ Saudis.

240 Saudis employed at Dhahran camp

Dhahran camp employs more than 240 Saudi nationals on construction and drilling
crews.

1936
Texas Co. acquires 50% of the concession
Texas Co. (now Chevron Corporation) acquires a 50% interest in Socal's concession.

1937
Max Steineke crosses Saudi Arabia for the first time
Max Steineke arrives in Saudi Arabia in 1934, and becomes the company's chief
geologist in 1936. In 1937, he crosses the Saudi Arabian peninsula and gains insights
into its geological profile. Steineke and his partners also identify surface features that
lead to the discovery of major oil fields including Ghawar, Abqaiq and Qatif.

1938
Commercial quantities of oil discovered at Dammam Well No. 7.
The success of the Saudi Arabian oil enterprise rests on Well No. 7. After five years of
fruitless drilling, Well No.7 seems like a dead end. Socal department heads seek advice
from renowned geologist Max Steineke. Drawing on years of fieldwork in the Saudi
desert and his own encyclopedic knowledge, Steineke tells them to keep drilling. Finally,
on March 4, 1938, Dammam No. 7 starts producing 1,585 bpd at a depth of nearly 1½
kilometers.

1939
First tanker load of petroleum exported
In May, King 'Abd al-'Aziz travels to Ras Tanura for a ceremony to mark the first export
of crude oil from Saudi Arabia, loaded onto the D. G. Scofield. The ship, named after a
co-founder of Socal, holds just under 1/20th the load of a modern supertanker.

More jobs and opportunities for Saudis

By the end of 1939, the payroll shows 3,178 Saudis, 322 Americans and 141 other
employees.

1940
Abqaiq field discovered

While drilling continues on the Dammam Dome, chief geologist Max Steineke leads
teams to study an apparent uplift in the Abqaiq area. Steineke, J. W. "Soak" Hoover and
Jerry Harriss use this camp as their base of operations in 1936. Abqaiq Well No. 1 hits
oil in early 1941, with flow rates indicating a major new oil field.

First company school for Saudis opens

The first company school for Saudis opens in a rented room of an al-Khobar house.
Casoc employee Hijji bin Jassim, who owns the house, is also the school's first
instructor. Early training focuses on job-specific skills, but later progresses to broader
instruction.

1941
Tea kettle refinery shuts down

A 3,000-bpd refinery opens in Ras Tanura, but is closed six months later due to
shortages caused by World War II.

Aramco begins large-scale agriculture projects

Aramco guides, engineers and geologists punch water wells for the 2,000-hectare farm
at al-Kharj which employs over 700 Saudis To assist farmers in the Eastern Province,
we operate the Agricultural Assistance Department from 1956 to 1993.

1942
Field mapping suspended
Field mapping is suspended due to wartime limitations of manpower and equipment.
1943
Wartime shortages spur innovation
Due to difficulties obtaining automotive parts, camel transport is used to supply the
distant Jauf camp with diesel oil, gasoline, drilling muds and cement.

1944
Casoc becomes the Arabian American Oil Company

On January 31, to more accurately reflect the Kingdom's newfound prominence among
oil-producing nations, our name is changed to the Arabian American Oil Company,
which becomes better known by its acronym, Aramco.

Jabal School opens

The Jabal School opens April 8, 1944, to class of about 70 Saudis between the ages of
8 and 18. It is the fourth company school, but the first one on camp and in a permanent
building.

1945
Ras Tanura refinery begins operations
The arrival of a shipment of steel turns Ras Tanura into a beehive of industrial activity
as we begin constructing a major new refinery. The U.S. government, which sent the
steel, intends for the refinery to supply fuel for Allied war efforts in the Pacific, but the
war ends before refinery begins operations.

1946
First wing of administration building opens

The first increment of the permanent administration building is completed and occupied
in Dhahran.

Arab Industrial Development Department established

In an effort to more fully support Saudi businessmen, contribute to the growth of the
local economy and to remove itself from non-oil concerns, we establish the Arab
Industrial Development Department. The program helps transform al-Khobar and
Dammam over the years into thriving commercial centers.

1947
Ras Tanura completes first year of operations

From its humble origins as a 'tea kettle' refinery to a 50,000 bpd facility, Ras Tanura
Refinery completes its first full year of operation.

Suliman Olayan becomes successful businessman

Suliman Olayan joins Aramco as a stockman in 1937. In the 1940s, he takes advantage
of the assistance Aramco provides to entrepernurial Saudi employees. Olayan leaves
the company to form his own trucking company and goes on to create a global business
empire.

1948
Aramco acquires additional owners

Standard Oil of New Jersey and Socony-Vacuum (both now ExxonMobil) join Socal and
Texaco (now Chevron Corporation) as owners of Aramco.

First educational film about water conservation commissioned

We produce Miyah, A Story of Water, our first educational film for Saudis, created to
teach water conservation to farmers. We truck portable screens and generators across
the desert to bring Miyah to many Saudis who had never before seen a moving picture.

1949
Oil production hits 500,000 bpd

Crude oil production of 500,000 bpd is achieved early in the year.

Summer Program tradition begins

In our first Summer Program, we give 10 full scholarships to Saudis to study at the
American University in Beirut (AUB). Two years later, we offer 10 full scholarships each
year to Saudi students to study at AUB, Aleppo College in Syria or other accredited
Middle East institutions.

1950
Tapline
The 1,212 kilometer Trans-Arabian Pipeline (Tapline), is completed, making it the
longest in the world. Tapline links eastern Saudi Arabia to the Mediterranean Sea,
sharply cutting the time and cost of exporting oil to Europe. Tapline remains in operation
until 1983.

1951
Safaniya offshore oil field discovered

After two years of exploration in the shallow Arabian Gulf waters, the Safaniya field is
discovered three kilometers offshore and 225 kilometers north of Dhahran. The field
proves to be the world's largest offshore oil field.

Home Ownership Program launches

We launch our Home Ownership Program in 1951. The land is provided by the
government, and the company provides interest-free loans and develops new
communities with roads and utilities.

1952
Aramco headquarters moves from New York to Dhahran.
Aramco management makes the decision to move the company's headquarters from
New York to Dhahran, reflecting Saudi Arabia's central role in the company's future.

1953
First company publication in Arabic
In March 1951, three company translators propose an Arabic publication akin to the Sun
and Flare, the English newspaper then issued by the company. Two years later, in
October 1953, the first issue of Qafilat az-Zayt (The Oil Caravan) makes its debut.

Aramco builds government schools

We begin building schools for the children of our Arab and Muslim employees in the
Eastern Province, under an agreement with the government. During this arrangement,
which lasts more than 50 years, we build 139 schools.

1954
Oil production hits 1 million bpd
In May 1954, oil production exceeds 1 million bpd for the first time.

1955
Exploration work well under way in the Rub' al-Khali

Large Kenworth vehicles haul vital supplies to work crews deep in the desert every two
weeks. Seismic, gravity magnetic and reconnaissance surveys lead to exploratory and
structural drilling by the end of the decade.

Industrial Training Centers open

Between 1955 and 1957, three Industrial Training Centers (ITCs) open in Dhahran, Ras
Tanura and Abqaiq to help develop the skills of the Saudi workforce. Each one contains
20 to 24 classrooms plus a science laboratory, a drafting room and a business
machines classroom.

1956
Malaria eradicated

When explorers first arrive in Saudi Arabia in 1933, malaria is endemic in the eastern
region. In the early 1940s, in cooperation with the Saudi government, we launch an anti-
malaria campaign, educating residents about preventing the spread of the mosquito-
borne illness and spraying villages to kill mosquitoes. By 1956, the disease has
disappeared.

Community of 'Udhailiyah built

The residential community of 'Udhailiyah is built atop the central part of the giant
Ghawar field, 125 kilometers southwest of Abqaiq.

1957
True size of Ghawar revealed

After ascertaining its full size, the Ghawar field enters the record books by becoming the
world's largest known oil field, with reserves estimated at the time of 80 billion barrels.

Aramco TV begins operations

On September 17, 1957, we introduce television to Saudi Arabia. Aramco station HZ-22
is the first Arabic language station in Saudi Arabia and the second in the entire Middle
East. Air time is equally divided between recreational and educational programs and
includes science, mathematics and English language classes.

1958
Oil production exceeds 1 million bpd annually
Over the course of 1958, the company averages more than 1 million barrels of oil per
day for the first time.

1959
Two Saudis join the Board of Directors

'Abd Allah H. Al-Turayqi and Hafiz Wahbah become the first two Saudis to join the
Aramco Board of Directors when they are elected on May 20, 1959.

First Saudis to study in the U.S.

We begin sending promising young Saudi employees to study at U.S. colleges and
universities.

1960
OPEC formed

Officials from Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela form the Organization of
Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).

Scholarships for Arab nursing students

Scholarships are established for Arab nursing students at the American University of
Beirut.

1961
Exporting of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) begins
The first shipment of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is loaded onto a tanker at Ras
Tanura.

1962
Crude oil production hits 5 billion barrels
Cumulative crude oil production reaches 5 billion barrels.

1963
Aramco granted patent for oil sweetening process

We create a patented oil sweetening distillation process that removes hydrogen sulfide
and reduces vapor pressure, making the crude oil safe for shipment in tankers.

The University of Petroleum and Minerals (now KFUPM) founded

We help found the Middle East's first college of petroleum technology, which in 1986
becomes King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals. The company makes land
available adjacent to Dhahran and contributes $11.5 million toward the construction of
the new campus, which opens in 1970.

Business loans and technical assistance for Saudi fishermen

The company provides business loans and technical assistance to Saudi fishermen,
increasing their capacity to clean and freeze shrimp for export to the United States.

1964
First Aramco-built government schools for Saudi girls

The first Aramco-built government schools for Saudi girls open in al-Khobar and
Rahimah. Formal schools gradually replace the informal method of home schooling in
which generations of girls had been tutored in private homes.

Najat Husseini becomes first professional Saudi woman employee

1970
Agricultural Assistance Program achievement
Our Agricultural Assistance Program, in cooperation with the Saudi Arabian Ministry of
Agriculture and Water, helps farmers move broccoli and sugar beets from the
experimental farm stage to the marketplace.

1971
Record shipments from Ras Tanura

Shipments of crude oil and petroleum products from Ras Tanura surpass a billion
barrels per year for the first time.

First degrees from College of Petroleum and Minerals

After first admitting students in 1964, the first degrees from the College of Petroleum
and Minerals are issued in 1971.
1972
Fourth two-berth Sea Island comes into service

In December 1972, the fourth Sea Island is completed, adding two more berths for
tankers.

Company surveys Arabian Gulf ecosystem

Following increased petroleum production, shipping and industrialization in the Gulf, the
company begins a five-year survey of plant and animal life in the Gulf region. The
results form a biological baseline against which future changes are measured.

Aramco's Mobile Oil Exhibit has its final tour

The company's Mobile Oil Exhibit has its final performance under canvas in the town of
Makkah, after touring the country 50 times in 14 years and hosting some 1.5 million
Saudi visitors.

1973
Saudi government buys 25% interest in Aramco
The Saudi government buys a 25% participation interest in Aramco, increasing it to 60%
the following year.

1974
First Saudi vice president

In August 1974, Faysal M. Al-Bassam is named vice president of Public Affairs, the first
Saudi to be appointed vice president.

Saudi government increases interest to 60%

The Saudi government increases its participation interest in Aramco to 60%.

Ju'aymah offshore terminal opens

The Ju'aymah Offshore Terminal, 24 km northwest of Ras Tanura, opens with two
single point mooring systems (SPMs) in service with an initial loading capacity of 1
million barrels of crude oil per day.

1975
Design begins on the Master Gas System
We are commissioned by the Saudi government to create Saudi Arabia's Master Gas
System, a multi-billion dollar nationwide system designed to supply all the Kingdom's
gas needs and fuel major export industries.

1976
First to produce more than 3 billion barrels of oil in a year
We become the only company to produce more than 3 billion barrels of oil in a year.

1977
Berri Gas Plant begins operations

On October 29, 1977, the first of the Master Gas System plants opens. Berri NGL
Center supplies treated gases as fuel and chemical feedstock to the industrial complex
at Jubail and natural gas liquids for export.

Aramco publishes results of environmental study

The results of the company's 5-year survey of plant and animal life in the Gulf region are
published in Biotopes of the Western Arabian Gulf: Marine Life and Environments of
Saudi Arabia. The volume includes a 65-page species list of animals and plants
inhabiting the Gulf, more than half of which had never been reported there.

1978
Qurayyah seawater treatment plant completed
Qurayyah Seawater Treatment Plant, the world's largest, supplies 4.2 million bpd of
treated seawater, replacing saline aquifer water for injection in the Ghawar field to
maintain reservoir pressure.

1979
Yanbu' Industrial City dedicated
Following a 1975 Royal Decree, the industrial city of Yanbu' is linked by pipeline to
Aramco's Master Gas System for a ready and low-cost supply of fuel and feedstock.

1980
Saudi government concludes purchase of Aramco

The government increases its participation interest in Aramco's crude oil concession
rights, production and facilities to 100%, with retroactive financial effect to 1976.

Professional Development Program (PDP) established

In its first year, the Professional Development Program (PDP) enrolls 400 employees.
The program initially enrolls some expatriates but soon shifts its focus to encompass
only Saudis. Enrollment in the program fluctuates throughout the decade, peaking at
910 in 1987.

1981
Data processing begins at EXPEC Computer Center

Data processing begins at the EXPEC (Exploration and Petroleum Engineering Center)
Computer Center, one of the world's largest geoscience computing facilities.

Scholarships for women

We provide the first scholarships to female employees to study at overseas universities.

Al-Hasa Farm begins operations

The company's 300-acre al-Hasa Demonstration Farm cultivates 15 new varieties of
vegetables and becomes home to new fish and agriculture farming projects.
1982
East-West Pipelines completed

Two pipelines are completed, linking oil production facilities in the Eastern Province with
Yanbu' on the west coast. One line transports natural gas liquids (NGL) from Shedgum
and the other delivers crude oil from Abqaiq. The two pipelines are the most advanced
computer-monitored hydrocarbons pipelines ever built.

Company halts production at Well No. 7

The discovery well, Dammam No. 7, is shut in after producing almost 32.5 million
barrels of oil over 45 years.

Mobile Library Program launches

The Mobile Library Program launches in coordination with the Directorate General of
Education, providing educational services to elementary students.

1983
Exploration and Petroleum Engineering Center (EXPEC) inaugurated
On May 16, 1983, King Fahd ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz inaugurates the EXPEC building in
Dhahran. The facility helps us move to the forefront of world-class technology in
exploration, drilling and reservoir engineering.

1984
Vela International Marine Limited is founded

Our subsidiary, Vela, begins operations with four crude oil tankers that ship the
company's refined products and crude oil.

Ali I. Al-Naimi appointed company's first Saudi president

Ali I. Al-Naimi, seated at right, becomes our first Saudi president in 1984, and is
appointed CEO in 1988. In 1995, he is named Saudi Arabia's Minister of Petroleum and
Mineral Resources.

1985
Aramco's first female petroleum engineer
After receiving a master's degree in petroleum engineering from the University of Tulsa
in Oklahoma, Na'ilah Mousli becomes our first female petroleum engineer. She goes on
to mentor many other Saudi women employees and becomes the company's first
female manager, overseeing Reservoir Engineering.

1986
Original concession area reassigned

In the years following the original 1933 concession, and the supplemental 1939
concession, our exploration area is reduced through a series of relinquishments. In
1986, the government requests that we expand our exploration activities to include
areas had previously relinquished.

Major environmental and ecological initiatives begin

We complete a three-year study of the Manifa and Tanajib bays to gain a better
understanding of their ecosystems. Treated wastewater is used to create the Abqaiq
Greenbelt to protect nearby homes from wind and sand movement. Three years later,
we help publish Birds of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, the most complete work
ever printed on birds of the Western Gulf region.

1987
New Aramco Exhibit opens in Dhahran

We replace our original exhibit, which opened in Dhahran in the 1950s. The new facility
opens in 1987 to help educate the public about the oil industry.

College Degree Program for Non-Employees (CDPNE) established

The CDPNE offers educational assistance to promising male and female Saudi high
school science graduates. Program participants are provided free lodging and a monthly
stipend while attending a one-year college preparatory program. Successful candidates
then attend university and many of the graduates go on to work for us.

1988
Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Saudi Aramco) is established

On November 8, 1988, the Council of Ministers approves a charter for a new national oil
enterprise — the Saudi Arabian Oil Company. A Royal Decree issued by King Fahd
ratifies that decision, establishing a new company to take over all the responsibilities of
Aramco.

First joint refining and marketing venture established in the U.S.

A company subsidiary and Texaco establish the company's first joint refining and marketing venture,
Star Enterprise, in the eastern and Gulf Coast U.S.

1989
First oil discovery in central Saudi Arabia
The first oil discoveries in central Saudi Arabia — at Hawtah and Dilam, south of Riyadh
— are announced.

1990
Saudi Aramco helps stabilize world markets
On August 2, 1990, Iraq invades neighboring Kuwait. We focus on helping to stabilize
world energy markets, bringing on additional production capacity. By year's end, our
average daily production is running at an astonishing 8.5 million bpd, up from 5.4 million
bpd in July.

1991
35% interest acquired in Korean refinery

We expand our international presence when a company affiliate purchases a 35%

interest in the SsangYong Oil Refining Company (renamed S-Oil in 2000) in the
Republic of Korea.

Saudi Aramco responds to Gulf War oil spill

During the Gulf War, an oil spill begins in Kuwait, then drifts south, impacting the
coastline of Saudi Arabia. Our response teams work around the clock to recover more
than 1.2 million barrels of oil from the spill, despite adverse conditions and rough
weather.

1992
Oil and gas discovered on the Red Sea coastal plain.
Exploration efforts along the Red Sea coastal plain yield results in 1992 with the
discovery of sweet gas and condensate at Midyan, near the Gulf of Aqaba.

1993
Government facilitates merger of Samarec and Saudi Aramco
Headquartered in Jiddah, Samarec is responsible for refining, international product
marketing and the distribution of petroleum products throughout the Kingdom. In June
1993, King Fahd issues a Royal Decree sanctioning the Council of Ministers' decision to
merge the operation and facilities of Samarec into Saudi Aramco.

1994
40% interest acquired in Petron
A Saudi Aramco subsidiary acquires a 40% equity interest in Petron Corporation, the
largest crude oil refiner and marketer in the Philippines.

1995
Vela completes program to build 15 supertankers
In 1992, Vela embarks on an ambitious shipbuilding plan to add 15 new very large
crude carriers (VLCCs) to the fleet, each with the capacity to carry more than 2 million
barrels of oil. The three-year project is completed in March 1995, when the Alphard Star
is transferred from its Danish builder to Vela.

1996
First European joint venture
We announce our first joint venture in Europe — the purchase of a 50% stake in
privately held Greek refiner Motor Oil (Hellas) Corinth Refineries S.A., and its marketing
affiliate, Avinoil Industrial Commercial and Maritime Oil Company, S.A.

1997
POWERS developed
We develop POWERS (Parallel Oil-Water-Gas-Reservoir Simulator), a high-resolution
reservoir simulator to model and predict the performance of super-giant reservoirs.
1998
Shaybah field comes on-stream

Although discovered in 1968, the Shaybah oil field, 800 kilometers south of Dhahran,
requires the passage of 27 years for economic conditions and improvements in drilling
and other technologies to make development of the field feasible. Development begins
in 1995 and in July 1998, one year earlier than planned, the Shaybah oil field comes on-
stream.

Merger produces Motiva Enterprises, LLC

Superseding a previous joint venture established a decade earlier known as Star

Enterprise, Saudi Refining Inc. (SRI), a subsidiary company, and Texaco merge their
Star Enterprise joint venture with Shell Oil assets in the United States to form Motiva
Enterprises, LLC.

Advanced oncology treatment center opens

We complete work on an oncology treatment center to enhance medical care at the
Dhahran Health Center.

1999
Major upgrades completed

The Ras Tanura Refinery upgrade, completed in 1998, increases the percentage of
high-value products that the refinery can produce from each barrel of crude oil.
Concurrently, we bolster our domestic product network, increasing operating efficiency
and eliminating approximately 1,650 tanker trucks daily from the highways, thereby
improving traffic safety.

Saudi Aramco produces Land of Khuzama, an environmental film

The 26 minute film, in Arabic and English versions, is released in connection with Earth
Week 1999. The film, named after a type of local wildflower, delivers an entertaining
message about the importance of preserving the environment, and underscores the
need to respect the Kingdom's wildlife.

2000
Research & Development Center (R&DC) opens
Company scientists get their own home in November 2000: the state-of-the-art
Research and Development Center (R&DC) in Dhahran. R&DC spearheads the
development of cutting-edge surface upstream and downstream technology.

A fresh look
We introduce a new logo with the new millennium. The new corporate identity is
unveiled in Dhahran on April 24.

2001
Hawiyah Gas plant begins gas production

The Hawiyah Gas plant begins operations with a processing capacity of 1.4 billion
standard cubic feet of non-associated gas per day. The plant boosts the Kingdom's gas
supply by more than 30%, fuels electricity grids and water desalination plants, and
feeds the country's petrochemical industry.

Launch of the Environmental Master Plan

From improved air emissions controls and waste management to cleaner gasoline and
diesel fuels, the Environmental Master Plan applies flexible funding streams to support
initiatives that can deliver impactful changes.

2002
Company subsidiary acquires Texaco's interest in Motiva
Saudi Refining Inc., a subsidiary of Aramco Services Company, takes a 50% interest in
Motiva, the refining and marketing company operating primarily in the eastern United
States. The other 50% interest is owned by Shell.

2003
Haradh Gas Plant opens
Located at the southern tip of Ghawar, Haradh Gas Plant is our second facility to
process only non-associated gas. Designed to process 1.6 billion standard cubic feet
per day of a combined raw feed of sweet and sour gas, the plant comes on-stream in
June.

2004
Company acquires interest in Showa Shell
A company subsidiary acquires a 10% shareholding in Showa Shell Sekiyu K.K., a
Royal Dutch/Shell refining and marketing arm in Japan. We agree to provide Showa
Shell with a minimum of 300,000 bpd of oil. The equity stake is later increased to nearly
15%.

2005
Joint venture with Sumitomo Chemical Co.
We form a joint venture with Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. of Japan, to develop an
integrated refining and petrochemical complex in Rabigh on the Red Sea coast.

2006
New technologies at Haradh III
Haradh III is the first major addition to production capacity —at Saudi Aramco or
anywhere else in the world —to bundle the latest drilling and production technologies
and apply them to a drilling program developed for a particular field.

2007
Equity ventures in China
Company subsidiary Saudi Aramco Sino Co. Ltd. (SASC) sign agreements with
ExxonMobil, Sinopec Corp and the Fujian Provincial Government of China to form two
joint ventures: Fujian Refining and Petrochemical Co. Ltd. (FRPC), a refining and
petrochemicals venture, and Sinopec SenMei (Fujian) Petroleum Co. Ltd. (SSPC), a
marketing venture.

2008
75th anniversary

We celebrate our 75th anniversary in Dhahran in May.

Design begins on the King Abdulaziz Center for World Culture

In addition to being an iconic architectural landmark, the Center will be a cultural
institution of international renown, and a model for social progress through education
and cross-cultural exchange.
2009
12-million bpd capacity expansion program completed

We complete a multi-stage, large-scale project spanning our entire business, expanding

our production and processing capacity of oil, gas, natural gas liquids, refining and
petrochemicals. With this expansion, maximum sustainable crude oil production
capacity reaches 12 million bpd, nearly 15% of total global oil demand.

Petro Rabigh, our first petrochemical plant, begins production

In partnership with Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd. of Japan, we enter the petrochemical
business with the start-up of Petro Rabigh, an integrated refinery and petrochemical
plant.

Design and start-up assistance for KAPSARC™

We support the King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, a future-
oriented independent research and policy institution committed to energy and
environmental exploration and analysis, due to be completed in 2012.

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

Built from scratch on a 36-million square meter site, the King Abdullah University of
Science and Technology is located about 80 kilometers north of Jiddah on the Red Sea.
We enlist the help of an international advisory council to ensure the university meets the
best practices of the world's top academic and research institutions.

2010
GigaPOWERS unveiled

In January, we unveil our unrivaled giga-cell reservoir simulation technology,

GigaPOWERS. This is the second generation of our reservoir simulator, POWERS
(Parallel Oil, Water and Gas Enhanced Reservoir Simulator), which models fluid
movement in reservoirs to optimize production.

First field test of Resbots™

In June, engineers from our EXPEC Advanced Research Center demonstrate for the
first time that specialized nano-agents can be injected and produced under live field
conditions in an observation well. Developers envision that Resbots will be able to
measure, report and interact with the reservoir environment to monitor and alter
reservoir properties to maximize oil recovery.

New solar-powered building in Dhahran

We invest in building a 10-megawatt grid-connected solar power farm installation
adjoining our new North Park office building in Dhahran — the world's largest project of
its kind. North Park will be completely powered by energy from the solar panels.

2011
Sadara joint venture formed

In November, we announce the official formation of the Sadara Chemical Company, a

joint venture with The Dow Chemical Company. Once complete, the Sadara complex
will be one of the world's largest integrated chemical facilities, and the largest ever built
in one single phase.

"Desert Seas" film premiers

We team with award-winning filmmakers to showcase the wonders of the Red Sea and
Arabian Gulf. "Desert Seas," narrated by Sir David Attenborough, captures the
Kingdom's unique marine ecosystem. A second film, "Seas of Change," documents our
environmental stewardship.

"Marine Atlas" covers Arabian Gulf

In cooperation with the Research Institute of King Fahd University of Petroleum and
Minerals, we publish the "Marine Atlas of the Western Arabian Gulf." The atlas is the
first of its kind in Saudi Arabia and is the result of almost 40 years of research and
monitoring.

2012
YASREF formed

In January, we formed the Yanbu Aramco Sinopec Refining Company (YASREF)

Limited, a joint venture with Sinopec of China to build a world-class, 400,000 barrels-
per-day full-conversion refinery in Yanbu' on the Red Sea.

Karan Gas Program

Non-associated natural gas produced from our offshore Karan field has helped boost
the Kingdom's gas production capacity by 18 percent. The project, completed ahead of
schedule, reached its full production capacity of 1.8 billion cubic feet per day in time to
meet peak summer demand.

Jazan Refinery & Terminal

In November, we signed contracts for the construction phase of this refinery, power
plant and terminal project in Jazan, in the southwestern region of the Kingdom. The
refinery, with a capacity to process 400,000 barrels per day, will anchor the Jazan
Economic City.

Cultural Program

Our annual educational and cultural program attracted more than half a million visitors
in Dhahran, Riyadh and Jiddah.

iDiscover
In November, we launched a program to deliver innovative math and science
workshops to 2,000 students and 1,000 teachers across the Kingdom. The goal of the
program is to reach 2 million Saudi youths by 2020.

2013
Construction is completed in SATORP

The Saudi Aramco total refining and petrochemical company(SATORP), a joint venture
with France’s Total, SATORP is a 400,000 bpd, conversion refinery, with integrated
petrochemical production, converting Arabian Heavy crude oil into high quality products,
including: gasoline, kerosene and diesel, as well as petrochemical products, such as
benzene and propylene. The SATORP refinery is also the first producer of petroleum
coke and paraxylene in the Kingdom.

Midyan project is launched in Tabuk

Saudi Aramco launched its first project in the Tabuk region in the Kingdom’s Northwest,
where procurement and construction work for a gas plant in the Midyan gas field is
underway. When the facility is fully operational, it will be capable of producing and
processing 75 million scfd of nonassociated gas and 4,500 bpd of condensate.

Five new oil and gas fields were discovered

We added three new oil and two gas discoveries to our portfolio, this included Al-Haryd
oilfields in the Red Sea, in addition to our previous gas find at Shaur, and in our core
operational areas, we found oil in Duhul and Salsa, and discovered new conventional
gas fields at Turayga, in the Rub’ Al-Khali and at Mihwaz in Central Saudi Arabia. These
discoveries are integral to supporting our critical gas business, which is geared toward
meeting the Kingdom’s domestic energy needs and powering industrial development.

Manifa project is launched

The Manifa crude oil increment has been a monumental achievement in company
history in terms of production, technology, and manpower. The project achieved
500,000 bpd capacity, and will have the capacity to produce 900,000 bpd of Arabian
Heavy crude oil, 90 million scfd of gas, and 65,000 bpd of condensate. It will also deliver
feedstock to Jubail and Yanbu’. The project consists of 41 kilometers of causeways,
three kilometers of bridges, 27 drilling islands, 13 offshore platforms, 15 onshore drill
sites, water supply wells, injection facilities, multiple pipelines, and a 420 MW heat and
electricity plant.

2014
YASREF began commissioning

Yanbu Aramco Sinopec Refining Company refinery project(YASREF), a joint venture

with China Sinopec, is a model of foreign direct investment in the Kingdom. The
YASREF project involves the construction and operation of a 400,000 bpd integrated
petroleum refinery in the Yanbu’ Industrial City, located on Saudi Arabia’s West coast,
along the Red Sea. The refinery will process 100 percent Arabian Heavy crude oil and
produce gasoline, high quality diesel, and liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), as well as
byproduct sulfur and petroleum coke for export. YASREF include process units for the
separation and conversion of feed crude oil into finished products, for utility and offsite
systems to support the refinery operation, and for associated feed intermediate and
product storage facilities.

Eight new oil and gas fields discovered

Our exploration program discovered eight new fields, Abu ali, Faras, Amjad, Badi, and
Faris, two oil fields, Sadawi and Naga, and one oil and gas field, Qadqad. This brings
our total number of discovered fields to 129.

Inauguration of Aramco’s largest out of Kingdom research center in Houston

Our Aramco Research Center in Houston focuses on upstream technologies for

conventional and unconventional resources to support discovery and recovery goals.
Specific areas of research include advanced seismic imaging, unconventional
productivity enhancement, smart fluids to improve well productivity, nano-based
polymers, surfactants, cement technologies related to drilling operations, quantitative
geology, and advanced downhole sensors.

Saudi Aramco granted the most patents in its history

We continuously strive to leverage our intellectual property (IP) portfolio, practices, and
processes to position Saudi Aramco as a global technology leader. We pursue patents
in areas where IP protection provides a competitive advantage, global recognition,
strategic positioning, and product differentiation. In 2014, our IP strategy yielded
significant results, we were granted 99 patents by the United States Patent and
Trademark Office, the most in a single year in our history, and 154 new patent
applications were filed.

2015
Sadara commenced first production

Sadara is our joint venture with the Dow Chemicals company, it is the world’s largest
chemical complex built in a single phase, ushers in a new era of economic
diversification and growth for the Kingdom, bringing with it new products, new jobs, and
new knowledge. Located in Jubail Industrial City on the Arabian Gulf Coast, Sadara will
be the first chemicals complex in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries to crack
naptha, which will support the manufacturing of diverse products not previously
produced in the Kingdom. The complex includes a mixed feed cracking unit, capable of
processing 85 million scfd of ethane and 53000 bpd of naphtha as feedstock, to
produce 3 million tons of performance plastics and high value chemicals per year.

Five new oil and gas fields

We discovered three oil fields in Faskar, offshore in the Arabian Gulf, and Janab, and
Maqam, in the Rub’ al-Khali. We also discovered two nonassociated gas fields: Edmee,
and Murooj in the Rub’ al-Khali.

The launching of the In-Kingdom Total Value Add (IKTVA) Program

We launched our IKTVA program that is designed to double the percentage of locally
produced energy related goods and services, contracted by Saudi Aramco, to 70% by
2021, driving investment, economic diversification, and job creation in the Kingdom.

Saudi Aramco pledged to reduce greenhouse gas intensity

In a historic move, we pledged, with other oil and gas climate initiative members, to take
steps necessary to reduce greenhouse gas intensity in the global energy mix, further
demonstrating our company’s commitments to energy efficiency, and reducing
environmental impacts through technology solutions.