Dr. Kinsey, Church Culture and The John Jay Studies
Dr. Kinsey, Church Culture and The John Jay Studies
Dr. Kinsey, Church Culture and The John Jay Studies
Jesus the Good Shepherd, on the baldacchino of the altar of the Basilica of St. John Lateran
DECEMBER 2018 INSIDE THE VATICAN 17
INTRODUCTION
n BY PROF. JANE F. ADOLPHE, AVE MARIA SCHOOL OF LAW, NAPLES, FLORIDA, CONFERENCE ORGANIZER
I
n 2018, media reports concerning clerical sexual abuse in It was organized by the International Center on Law, Life,
Chile, Honduras and the USA raised new issues. In Chile, the Faith and Family on the following theme “Sexually Aggressive
allegations of three seminarians that they were sexually abused Behavior toward Pre- and Post-Adolescent Males, including Sem-
by priests were substantiated by the Apostolic Investigation com- inarians and other Adults, by Catholic Clergy: Prevention, Evalu-
missioned by Pope Francis and by at least one Chilean Court.1 In ation, and Responses.” The group gave particular attention to the
Honduras, about 50 seminarians complained of an active homo- need to protect young men under the spiritual care of Catholic
sexual culture in their seminary and an auxiliary bishop resigned clergy. The group was, of course, aware of other forms of clerical
over allegations which included sexual activity with seminari- misconduct, such as women religious being sexually abused by
ans.2 In the United States, the priest Theodore McCarrick (later priests.14 The group thought, however, that sexual sins and crimes
promoted to bishop, archbishop and cardinal) was accused of hav- against males by Catholic clergy merited special attention in light
ing sexually abused two male minors (11 and 16 years old), of of the McCarrick scandal and other recent revelations. The ab-
sexually molesting seminarians while a bishop, and, as a cardinal, stracts printed here represent an overview of the proceedings of
of having used his influence to promote clerics of like mind on this meeting. (Abstracts for a few of the presentations are not in-
issues of sexual morality.3 Indeed, McCarrick, who resigned in cluded here.) The complete papers will be published in book form
July from the College of Cardinals, has in 2019.
become the embodiment of clerical cor- At the beginning of the meeting, the
ruption, not unlike Johann Tetzel, a 16th Pontifical Commission for the Protection
century German Dominican friar whose of Minors provided a written message
name has become synonymous with the that encouraged the participants in their
corrupt sale of indulgences.4 efforts. Monsignor Robert Oliver, Secre-
In sum, three situations have revealed tary of the Commission, in a letter dated
with new urgency: 1) the sexual abuse of September 20, 2018, wrote: “May I ask
minors, largely adolescent males, by some that you communicate the following
clerics, including bishops, some even thoughts to the participants: I offer all of
bearing the honorary title of cardinal5; you gathered together for this conference
2) the sexual molestation of seminarians; In Honduras in 2018, about 50 seminarians complained of greetings from the Pontifical Commis-
and 3) the tolerance, and in some quar- an active homosexual culture in their seminary in sion for the Protection of Minors. We
ters, acceptance, of homosexually active Tegucigalpa, the capital. The diocesan auxiliary bishop, look forward very much to the outcome
Juan José Pineda, resigned in June
priests and bishops, and promotion of the of this conference, which will surely con-
same into positions of authority. tribute to the mission entrusted to us for the safeguarding of chil-
Pope Francis and his advisors decided to summon all the pres- dren and vulnerable adults in the Church. As our Members have
idents of the national bishops’ conferences of the world to come often discussed, we hope to be a resource for local Churches who
to Rome for a “summit” from February 21-24 to address this cri- are yet developing their safeguarding structures, but also to be a
sis. The common denominators of the events in Chile, Honduras bridge for them with their sister Churches in the sharing of best
and the US listed above are the violations of chastity (to which practices in the protection of minors. Conferences such as yours
all members of the Church are called, see CCC 2337-2359) , and 6 are instrumental in furthering this mission and I thank you, on
of perpetual continence (to which all clergy are called, see can. behalf of all our Members, for your important efforts in this re-
Persons
abuse between the Catholic Church and other major institutions
Daniel Mattson
in the United States, not to soften the responsibility of Catholic of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith16, while
Church, but to have a realistic sense of the wider societal afflic- author discussed the thought of Rev. James Mar-
tion. He concluded, among other things, that “the problem of sex- tin on the pastoral care of the same underlining how Martin’s ap-
including both churches and public schools.” William Doino pre- Judith Reisman, Professor at Liberty University, critiqued
ual abuse of minors is epidemic in all facets of American society proach has failed to respect the same 1986 document.
sented an overview of the situation in Chile, Honduras, and the the John Jay studies commissioned by the USCCB and concluded
Robert Moynihan,
United States (the McCarrick case and the Penn- that five socio-historical phenomena were either
Panel II
tions are worthy of a further investigation. large” and 2) was “critical to understanding “the
Robert Fastiggi,
discussed a number of issues of rele- causes and consequences of the global child sexu-
ern Rites. Susan Mulheron took up the issue of Author and scholar Geoffrey Strickland pre-
celibacy of clerics in the both the Latin and East- ing sexual wounds.
Johann Tetzel, a 16th century
German Dominican friar whose
Church structure and bishop accountability high- name has become synonymous sented an overview of the dangers associated with
lighting the challenges associated with the goals with the corrupt sale of indulgences the internet within the context of the lobbying move-
Wyszyński
Rev. Professor at Cardinal Stefan could not complete an article, however, Professor
University, in Poland, discussed internal and external has submitted an article giving a similar overview in which, he
Sean Kilcawley,
factors contributing to the sexual abuse crisis within the Catholic promotes restorative justice in the United States context through
Church, while Rev. Director of the Office of the establishment of forums for “listening and sharing, through
Family Life, in the Diocese of Lincoln gave an overview of the stories and prayer, for dioceses supporting healing and reconcilia-
Leo for his moral support and assistance in raising the necessary
and constitute a sacrilege.
In an effort to build upon the discussion at the expert meeting,
FOOTNOTES
additional experts were approached to offer contributions to the funds to organize and run such events.m
1. William Doino, Jr., “Hope and Anguish: It was meant to be 21:5-8; Revelation 22:14-16; Matthew 15:19-20; Matthew 5:27-
10. Ibid.
31 May 2018, Catholic News Agency, 5 June 2018. 15. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, “President
Double Life,” Catholic News Agency, 15 September 2018. March 2014 and Statutes of the Pontifical Commission for the Pro-
Hannah Brockhaus, “Pope Francis Warns Priests Against Living a
W
ith several “open letters” forehand to Italian journalists Mar-
this year, Italian Arch- co Tosatti and Aldo Maria Valli.
bishop Carlo Maria Vi- Essentially, Viganò denounces
ganò, retired papal nuncio to the Rome’s protection of the American
United States (2011-2016), sparked Cardinal Theodore McCarrick,
an unprecedented, emotional debate a homosexual predator who was
within the Catholic Church con- forced to resign from the College
cerning decades of sexual miscon- of Cardinals in July.
duct and molestation by Catholic Viganò explains that two Nun-
priests. cios to the United States before him,
Essentially, Viganò’s alleged that both of whom died prematurely,
the Church’s hierarchy has for Archbishop Gabriel Montalvo
decades knowingly “covered up” (from 1998 to 2005) and Archbish-
clerical sexual misconduct and sug- op Pietro Sambi (from 2005 to
gested that dramatic action needs to 2011), “did not fail to inform the
be taken to end a “culture of Holy See immediately, as soon as
coverup” and protect young people they learned of Archbishop McCar-
from sexual abuse in the future. rick’s gravely immoral behavior
website Vatican Insider and in the news- released reports regarding the Viganò affair: Marco Tosatti ments Viganò refers to, can reveal
cusations of the former Nuncio. On the Clockwise from above left, the journalists who have atic study of the official Vatican docu-
paper La Stampa, he has claimed that (a journalist and freelance blogger), Aldo Maria Valli (Italian whether what Viganò has written is fac-
TV-RAI), Andrea Tornielli (Vatican Insider-La Stampa) and
the accusations against Pope Francis Jean-Marie Guénois (Le Figaro in France) tual, or untrue, or only partially true.
and Viganò’s demand that Francis re- At several points in his testimony,
sign are part of a vast campaign to desta- Viganò explains where corroborating
bilize the Argentinian Pope being or- evidence may be found: in files at the
chestrated by the conservative and fun- Vatican or in the offices of the apos-
damentalist circles for whom Archbish- tolic nuncio in Washington.
op Viganò is allegedly performing. If those files could be studied by a
Viganò himself seems to feel confi- reliable, objective investigator, we
dent that any investigation would cor- could soon know whether the archbish-
T
he latest revelations of cler- remain celibate (1 Cor 7:8, 25–28).
ical sexual abuse in the USA, Rev. 14:4 extols the virgins in heav-
Chile, and other countries en as “the ones who follow the
have led some to question the wis- Lamb wherever he goes.”
dom of ordaining only celibate men Recent studies on the history of
to the priesthood in the Latin Rite clerical celibacy by Christian Co-
of the Catholic Church. Studies on chini S.J.,10 Roman Cholij,11 and
sexual abuse, however, do not re- Fr. Stanley Jaki 12 show that in the
veal any evidence that priestly early Church married men ordained
celibacy contributes to clerical to the priesthood were required to
abuse of minors and vulnerable remain continent. This is demon-
adults.1 In the general population, strated by the various local synods.
most of those who commit sexual For example, canon 33 of the Coun-
abuse are married or in a partnered cil of Elvira (c. 303–305) reads:
The Torment of St. Anthony, a painting depicting the saint’s
relationship. 2 It has seemed good absolutely
Some people confuse chastity, temptations, attributed to Michelangelo Buonarroti, dated to between to forbid the bishops, the priests,
celibacy, and continence. Chastity 1487 and 1489, now in the Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas and the deacons, i.e. all the clerics
is “the virtue that moderates the de- in the service of the ministry, to have
sire for sexual pleasure according to the principles of faith and [sexual] relations with their wives and procreate children; should
3
right reason.” All people are called to practice chastity ac- any do so, let him be excluded from the honor of the clergy.13
cording to their state in life. Celibacy refers to “the state of be- Similar requirements of continence for married clergy can
ing unmarried and, in Church usage, of one who has never been be found in the canons of the Council of Arles (A.D. 314);
married.”4 Continence “means the chastity to be observed by Ankyra (315); and the Council of Neocaesarea (315). Canon 3
the unmarried.”5 It can also refer to the voluntary abstinence of the ecumenical Council of Nicaea (325) forbids bishops,
from sexual relations by spouses within marriage.6 Celibate priests, and deacons to reside with any woman except those
priests are called to practice the chastity of the unmarried, which who are above suspicion such as a mother, a sister, or an aunt.14
means continence or abstinence from sexual relations. If all The council does not does not approve “the use of conjugal
celibate priests had observed continence properly in the past, rights by married priests as if it had been a recognized prac-
there would be no clerical sex abuse crisis. tice.”15
At the Second Vatican Council, “perfect and perpetual con- In the mid-5th century, the Church historian Socrates claimed
tinence for the sake of the Kingdom of Heaven” was recog- that Bishop Paphnuntius from Upper Thebes made an interven-
nized as a practice “commended by Christ the Lord” and a prac- tion at the Council Nicaea (325) protesting the requirement of
7
tice of “great value … for the priestly life.” Celibacy and per- continence for deacons, priests, and bishops.16 There is, how-
petual continence are “not demanded by the very nature of the ever, no record of such an intervention at the Council of Nicaea,
priesthood, but they have “a many-faceted suitability for the and the name of Paphnuntius “does not appear in the oldest
8
priesthood.” The Council recognized that in the Eastern Church- lists of the participants at the Council.”17
es “there are also married priests of the highest merit.” It was At the Synod of Rome under Pope Damasus I (r. 366–384)
not the intention of the Council “to alter that different disci- reference is made to 1 Tim 3:2, which states that bishops and
pline which legitimately flourishes in the Eastern Churches.” 9 deacons are to be chosen from among men “of one wife.” Ac-
It’s important to understand the biblical and Patristic rea- cording to the biblical scholar, Ignace de la Potterie, this verse
sons for favoring priestly celibacy and continence in the Latin provides indirect evidence of the expectation of continence. A
West. In terms of Scripture, Jesus Himself commends those man who is married but once will be more capable of observ-
who renounce marriage for the sake of the kingdom of heaven ing clerical continence than a man who has been married mul-
(Mt 19:12). St. Paul counsels the unmarried and the widows to tiple times.18 This biblical passage, along with the requirement
DECEMBER 2018 INSIDE THE VATICAN 27
DOSSIER SEXUAL ABUSE IN THE CHURCH
of clerical continence in early Church of the Eastern Churches—both Catholic and Orthodox—that
synods, provides strong evidence that the continues to the present.
obligation of continence required of mar- The reason for clerical continence for bishops and priests in
FOOTNOTES
Sexual Abuse in the Church, Crux, 26 April 2018, available at 12. Stanley L. Jaki, Theology of Priestly Celibacy (Front Roy-
1. Filipe Domingues, Expert Says Abuse of Power at root of fordshire, UK: Gracewing, 1988).
5. Ibid., 129.
gations/cclergy/documents/rc_con_cclergy_doc_01011993_bfoun
6. Ibid.
_en.html
11. Roman Cholij, Clerical Celibacy in East and West (Here- dal,” Theological Studies 65 (2004): 741–766.n
perium: Peter Damian on the Accountability of Bishops for Scan-
EXOGENOUS SOURCES OF THE CRISIS be recognized. One of them is the so-called Washington DC truce
U
ndoubtedly, the current sexual abuse crisis in the Catholic from 1968. That St. Paul VI decided to tolerate, for a time, oppo-
Church is deeply rooted in the crisis of Western culture. sition against his authoritative statement on contraception in the
However, one should not succumb to the temptation to ac- hope that someday the truth of his teaching would be commonly
cept that the main reason for the crisis is the influence of secular- appreciated, created a background for the “culture of rebellion”
ized pop culture on the clergy, since the same appeared after 1968 among some theologians contesting the Church teaching on hu-
and sexual abuse cases in the Church are long standing. The thesis man sexuality. Another cause is an exaggerated reliance on the
that the sexual revolution infected the Church and her institutions therapeutic culture. Weakness ceased to be perceived as a sin or
from the outside with a dangerous virus means that the causes of spiritual problem. It became a “wound” which required under-
the crisis would then be exogenous and Christians, including priests, standing and compassion, but not necessarily conversion. A third
would merely be passive victims. cause is the so-called “conspiracy of silence” justified on the basis
The “1968 culture” is based on an anthropology foreign to of “protecting the institution”. Abuses were not condemned in pub-
Christianity. Sexual intercourse between two adults based on mu- lic, but rather the victims and their families were encouraged to
tual consent is regarded as beyond any moral evaluation. Human remain silent, sometimes in return for financial contributions or
sex is perceived as something freely chosen by the performers, re- settlements. For a short time, this approach might have preserved
P
olls and practical experience both point to a widespread igno- life; placing the individual at the center of socioeconomic life; and
rance of the principles of Catholic social teaching among Catholic the evangelization of culture. Of particular importance in motivating
lay people in the United States. A greater emphasis on educa- lay people to engage in apostolic activity is the inculcation of the
tion in social doctrine is evidently required. One component of this idea of personal vocation. And highly relevant in a wealthy society
A diagram comparing
the number of abuse
allegations over time
and the number of
priests reporting a
homosexual
orientation (same-sex
attraction). The
conclusion of the
author: a correlation
between the number
of abuse cases and
the number of priests
with same-sex
attraction
S
ex abuse of minor children by Catholic priests has been a per- Increase or decrease in the percent of victims who were male
sistent and widespread problem in the Church in recent years. correlated almost perfectly (.98) with the increase or decrease of
Although over 8 in 10 of victims have been boys, the idea that homosexual men in the priesthood. Among victims under age 8, the
the abuse is related to homosexual men in the priesthood has not correlation dropped to .77, suggesting that easier access to males
been widely accepted by Church leaders. among older victims may help explain up to a fifth of the bias for
The report of the John Jay College of Criminal Justice on the boys; homosexual priests explains four-fifths.
causes and context of Catholic clergy sex abuse (hereafter “JJR2,” The increase or decrease of overall abuse also correlated highly
for John Jay Report 2) influentially concluded that widespread Amer- (.93) with the increase/decrease of homosexual priests; not surpris-
ican abuse was not related to the number of homosexual priests be- ingly since such a high proportion of victims were male. This find-
cause the reported increase in “homosexual men in the seminaries ing was robust; the univariate correlation without adjustments, il-
in the 1980s …does not correspond to an increase in the number of lustrated in the Figure 8, was still .90. About half of this association
boys who were abused.”1 The authors reported that they came to was accounted for by the rise of subcultures or cliques of sexually
this conclusion without collecting or examining any direct data on active homosexual priests and faculty in Catholic seminaries, which
“the sexual identity of priests and how it changed over the years,”2 was also measured by the survey. For each additional concentration
instead relying on subjective clinical estimates and second-hand of homosexual priests of two times the population proportion of ho-
narrative reports of apparent homosexual activity in seminaries. This mosexual men, which in the United States is (generously) 1.8 per-
reliance is surprising since, as the authors were aware, they could cent, incidents of clergy sex abuse doubled, up to a maximum of 24
not know “whether the open expression of sexual identity in semi- additional incidents per year at a concentration of homosexual priests
naries in [the 1980s meant] that more men were entering the semi- over eight times that of the population (14.4%). If the concentration
©2018 D. Paul Sullins and/or The Ruth Institute. All rights re-
nation class may be very different than the percentage homosexual from sexual victimization by Catholic priests.
served.
of the national presbyterate as a whole.
To test JJR2’s conclusion, I examined the available data on cler-
FOOTNOTES
gy sexual orientation to determine directly whether or not, in their
words, “an increase in homosexual men in the priesthood will lead
to an increase in the abuse of boys.”4 The share of homosexual priests 1. John Jay College, “The Causes and Context of Sexual Abuse of
the Los Angeles Times newspaper that included questions about sex-
in the United States over time was estimated from a 2002 survey by Minors by Catholic Priests in the United States, 1950-2010,” Com-
missioned by the U.S. Catholic Bishops, May 2011, 100,
ual orientation, age and year of ordination. Abuse was measured by http://www.jjay.cuny.edu/churchstudy/main.asp.
the same data used in JJR2. To avoid skew I looked only at contem- 2. John Jay College, 100.
porary allegations of abuse, in multivariate statistical regressions ad- 3. John Jay College, 38.
justed for differences in age of abuser and year of abuse. 4. John Jay College, 102.
30 INSIDE THE VATICAN DECEMBER 2018
THE SOCIAL SCIENCES AND CHURCH CULTURE
R
ecent revelations of past for addiction. Even though the
and present sexual mis- Program for Priestly Formation
conduct by Catholic calls for candidates to give evi-
priests in the United States have dence of living continence for a
rightly provoked shock and out- two-year period before they are
rage among the people of God. admitted to the seminary, many
Questions have arisen about the seminarians continue to fall into
Church’s policies and proce- solitary sins after entering for-
dures regarding the handling of mation. If they are not formed
sexual misconduct, especially properly in affective maturity,
when that misconduct involves these behaviors may escalate af-
the violation of a minor child or ter ordination to the priesthood
a vulnerable adult. However, if resulting in sexual offending be-
the Church is to address the root haviors.
of the current crisis we must look Dr. Patrick Carnes defines
more broadly at the problem of three levels of sexual addiction:
compulsive sexual behaviors Level one consists of consensu-
among clergy. The invitation to al and legal behaviors such as
live celibacy for the sake of the pornography use, masturbation,
kingdom is found in Jesus words and consensual sexual relations.
to his disciples, “There are eu- Level two are non-contact inva-
nuchs who have made them- sive behaviors such as voyeurism,
selves eunuchs for the sake of and exhibitionism. Level three
the kingdom of heaven.”1 The New American translation puts are overt offending behaviors such as rape, and child molesta-
it, “because they have renounced marriage for the sake of the tion. While not everyone who is involved in level one behav-
kingdom of heaven.” iors becomes an offender, all offenders have likely escalated
The obligation to live chaste celibacy is articulated in Canon from level one to offending. This escalation is illustrated by a
277 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law: “Clerics are obliged to number of priests who have reported a habit of viewing pornog-
observe perfect and perpetual continence for the sake of the raphy as seminarians but had never been sexual with another
kingdom of heaven and therefore are bound to celibacy which person. After ordination, they escalated to erotic chatrooms and
is a special gift of God by which sacred ministers can adhere then actually met someone in person for an anonymous sexual
more easily to Christ with an undivided heart and are able to encounter.
dedicate themselves more freely to the service of God and hu- An identified weakness in seminary formation has been the
manity.”2 This is the goal of celibacy formation in seminaries, way in which the internal and external forums are separated.
and affective maturity is indicated by a man’s ability to live While the separation of the forums is necessary and good, it al-
continence for the sake of the kingdom. so provides an occasion for living a “double life.” A seminari-
There are three ways in which a priest may fall short of liv- an may reveal himself one way to his spiritual director, and an-
ing out this obligation. The first is by sexually offending. This other to his rector or human formation advisor. Priests and sem-
includes the violation of the sexual boundaries of another per- inarians report that they only addressed the lack of integration
son. The second is through a consensual relationship with an in the internal forum with their spiritual director, and the semi-
adult. The third is through personal sin, or solitary sins, such nary rector and formation committee were unaware of the prob-
as pornography and masturbation. While the current crisis has lem. Many of them report that within the context of the inter-
focused our attention on sexual offending, consensual viola- nal forum, the gravity of solitary sins was minimized. It has
tions of chastity have been more common in recent years. Even been possible for a seminarian to receive ordination without
more urgent is the fact that the number of priests who have a the basic affective maturity necessary to live perpetual conti-
habit of committing solitary sins is steadily increasing due to nence for the sake of the kingdom.
gated seminarians were not raised with access to internet pornog- FOOTNOTES
raphy. The basic principle, however, must hold true that there 1. Matthew 19:12
T
he theological understanding of priestly celibacy and The sexual crisis in the Church, in 2018 in the West, in-
seminary formation in consecrated celibate chastity has volves both clerical sexual abuse of pre-pubescent and post-
its root in the Magisterium of the Catholic Church through pubescent male minors, sexual aggression by clerics against
the foundation created by Jesus Christ, the proto-priest and per- young men under their care (e.g., seminarians), and consenting
fect model of consecrated celibate chastity. An examination of sexual activity with other clerics or non-clerics. Surely this con-
several magisterial documents concerning the topic of conse- stitutes a crisis to this author, but not to others: Cardinal Don-
crated celibate chastity in seminary formation and as practiced ald Wuerl of Washington, DC in the summer of 2018 when a
in the priesthood will be examined in this Chapter contribution journalist asked for his response, to which he smiled, then
to the book. laughed, and decried, “Crisis? No, this is not a crisis at all.”
32 INSIDE THE VATICAN DECEMBER 2018
THE SOCIAL SCIENCES AND CHURCH CULTURE
With a view to offering a substantive and effective contribu- Christ of his whole life with a view to becoming another Christ,
following the one who came not to be served, but to serve (cfr. Mt
tion to the current discussion, this Chapter focuses on the an- animated by His spirit, celebrating the mystery of the His death,
thropological and spiritual primacy of consecrated celibate
chastity in the everyday lives of seminarians and priests who 20, 28). Keeping in mind the pastoral purpose of all priestly
are real people, living real lives. What separates them from the formation, the spiritual life of the student should develop —
lievers lived with one heart and one mind (see Acts 4:32). Through
mation in consecrated celibate chastity. It argues that devel- dance with the primitive Church, where the multitude of be-
oped by many popes over time, the current model of formation
is comprehensive and serves to form the whole person under- charity, in fact, the community enjoys the presence of God, ful-
standing that each seminarian ly observes the law, acquires the
has been raised in a certain cul- bond of perfection, and exercis-
ture and family situation which es vigorous apostolic activity.
will likely impact his forma- So that the choice of celiba-
tion. The program is one that cy is truly free, it is necessary
all seminarians must master that the student understand
since it synthesizes the goal of with the light of faith the evan-
seminary life, that is, to be- gelical force of this gift, and at
come a priest through self- the same time rightly estimate
mastery, self-control, and self- the values of the married
sacrifice. state. The young man should
The rectors of seminaries also enjoy the internal and ex-
are consistently learning, as ternal psychological freedom,
well. Each year they are called and possess the necessary de-
to better implement the celi- gree of affective maturity, in
bate chastity programs in ex- order to experience and live
istence or supplement them to celibacy as a completion of his
counter any negative influ- person. For this purpose, a suit-
ences from secular culture. able sexual education is re-
General Audience blesses a group of young priests (Grzegorz Galazka).
November 1, 2017, Paul VI Audience Hall, Vatican City. Pope Francis after his
The current crisis offers an op- quired, which includes a deep-
portunity to engage in a full er formation of chaste love
examination of the current Opposite, top, Archbishop Raymond Burke of St. Louis poses with seminarians that will prepare him for in-
from Kenrick-Glennon Seminary in Shrewsbury, Missouri, at the Cathedral Basilica
programs. of St. Louis in December, 2007. Burke has called Kenrick-Glennon Seminary “the terpersonal relationships that
C
lergy sexual misconduct with adults (note: not “vulner- National Lay Commission for Adult Ministerial Misconduct or
able adults”) is the most ignored topic in the 2018 NLC.
Catholic Church crisis. As a clinical psychologist who The DLC should be an independent organization to review
has been involved with more than 100 cases of clergy sexual complaints in a particular diocese and to make recommenda-
misconduct with adults, I recognize there are numerous factors tions to the local ordinary for a response plan. The NLC should
that block transparency and prevent accountability. Placating be an independent organization to review complaints of all dio-
victims and covering-up has been the norm in the past; howev- ceses in the United States of America. In addition, when spe-
er, these behaviors are no longer an option. The current chapter cific situations arise which warrant intervention on the national
proposes new guidelines to provide authentic accountability level, the NCL, in conjunction with the DLC, could make rec-
and brutal transparency, with the hope of eradicating clergy ommendations directly to the local ordinary. Overall, the NLC
sexual misconduct and re-establishing trust with the laity (Lock, would provide accountability to the local DLCs and, when nec-
2018; Smith, 2018). essary, the local ordinaries — as well as the local archbishop,
The first recommendation entails establishing a reporting local cardinal, and the national bishops’ conference.
system for cases of clergy sexual misconduct. Once a case has been registered, an investigation would
Each diocese should create their own hotline for phone calls commence. At that time, the alleged victim is assigned a Vic-
and texts, as well as a website, to receive reports from alleged tim Advocate who should provide the alleged victim with sup-
victims. A shift in the culture of the Church must happen to port through the identification of additional local services, min-
encourage all individuals to report legitimate concerns regard- istry opportunities, and counseling.
ing the behavior of priests and deacons as well as bishops and Based on the investigation, the DLC would prepare a series
cardinals. Cardinals and bishops should provide strong leader- of recommendations regarding the case that it would then send
ship to initiate this significant cultural change (cf. Greve, Palmer to both the local ordinary and the NLC.
& Pozner, 2010). In the spirit of accountability and transparency, the bishop’s
Once a report is received, it should be registered with the resolutions would be reported directly to the DLC. Recommen-
appropriate law enforcement agency, so that they can deter- dations would be made regarding the alleged clergy, the alleged
mine any need for action. For complaints that involve individu- victim, and a public announcement would be made of the reso-
als age 18+, the next step would be simultaneously submitting lution. If the DLC were dissatisfied with the response of the
the complaint to the following contacts: (a) the Diocesan Lay bishop, the NLC would be notified to assist with an interven-
Commission for Adult Ministerial Misconduct or DLC, (b) the tion with the local ordinary. If the bishop were unwilling to act
local ordinary (if he is not named in the complaint), and (c) the on the matter, the NLC would have the opportunity to apply
34 INSIDE THE VATICAN DECEMBER 2018
THE SOCIAL SCIENCES AND CHURCH CULTURE
pressure for promoting accountability by invoking the assis- 2018). However, to develop an assessment tool would require
tance of the national bishops’ conference and the appropriate significant resources. I recommend that the national bishops’
Vatican dicastery. conferences consider establishing a grant to fund research for
During the investigation of cases of clergy sexual miscon- the development of actuarial risk assessment measures for cler-
duct against adults, formal psychological evaluations may be gy sexual misconduct.
requested (Lennon, 2011). The psychological evaluation relat- Polygraph examinations are included in the best practices
ed to clergy sexual misconduct would include a more specific of the evaluation and management of individuals who commit
assessment of sexuality, the inclusion of tests used with crimi- sexual offenses (ATSA, 2014). Studies have found that inclu-
nal populations, and an assessment of the psychological fac- sion of the polygraph can cause offenders to be more truthful
tors underpinning the sexual misconduct. Given the special- in their reports, including an increase in admission of high-risk
ized nature of the report for clergy sexual misconduct, this re- behaviors (McGrath, Cumming & Williams, 2014). Surveys of
F
known authors who self-identify as homosexual refute the claim
the Catholic Church to treat the “LGBT” (Lesbian, Gay, that men who self-identify as homosexual never sexually molest
Bisexual and Transgender) community with “respect, com- minors. Indeed, Larry Kramer recounts how men who self-identi-
passion and sensitivity,” and to accept their “gifts,” and stop re- fy as homosexual routinely share stories of how, as minors, they
al. of men in prison for sexual child abuse, both of which are to-
A number of well-known men who self-identify as homosexu-
Kirk and Hunter Madsen (authors of After the Ball, 1989), Gabriel
al, including Larry Kramer, Michelangelo Signorelli, Marshall
Men, 1997), and Randy Shilts (author of And the Band Played
clergy.
news/reflections-on-sexual-identities-the-youth-synod-and-father-
Simply put: Fr. Martin fails in modeling Christ’s own example with
martins-bridge.)m
men and women caught in sexual sin. The model Christ sets for us
can perhaps most clearly be seen with the woman caught in adultery,
DECEMBER 2018 INSIDE THE VATICAN 37
DOSSIER SEXUAL ABUSE IN THE CHURCH
T
he Chapter on Dr. Alfred Kinsey, Church sexual from birth and unharmed by sexual con-
Culture and the John Jay Studies scruti- tact with adults. Proof was presented graphically
nizes socio-historical issues omitted or in tables of “data” showing children as young as
trivialized in the John Jay Reports but central two months having “orgasms,” sometimes multi-
to answers about religious, institutional and in- ple “orgasms” over a 24-hour period. It was later
dividual child sex abuse. This Chapter aims to learned that said “data” were in fact records of
at least begin the process of identifying the root serial child sexual abuse by a) a pedophile in-
causes of child sexual abuse unreported by the volved with former Nazi Germany; and b) an
John Jay Reports by noting the reports’ most crit- American claiming to have had more than 800
ical errors in context with the historical causes of the collapse child victims.
of the Judeo-Christian moral compass foundational to West- Despite its fraudulent and criminal founda-
ern Civilization. The authors present five socio-historical phe- tions, Kinsey’s work was, and is, embraced by
nomena deleted or glossed over by the John Jay cultural change agents to implement their plan to
Dr. Alfred Kinsey and the cover of one of
Reports. Each is critical to the causes and conse- his influential but deeply flawed books replace Judeo-Christian morality with cultural
quences of the global child sexual abuse pandem- Marxism in all social institutions. Social scien-
ic of which priest abuse is but one component. tists, psychiatrists, judges, and legal scholars used Kinsey’s “data”
Publication/promotion of Rockefeller-funded Dr. Alfred Kinsey’s to push for wholesale revision of the sexual offense laws. Judeo-
“scientific” human sexuality reports, which were designed to sub- Christian legal sanctions against deviancy would first be lightened
vert Judeo-Christian based social institutions. and then eliminated. Kinsey’s data “proving” children are unharmed
Cultural chaos created by Kinsey’s 1948 and 1953 books and cul- by sexual activity with adults were quoted throughout the 1955 Mod-
tivated by change agents in law, social science, medicine, academia, el Penal Code (MPC) to justify lowering penalties for, and eventual-
FOOTNOTES
identify key causes of child sex abuse by priests. lation and/or sexual assault.m
1. Lori Handrahan, Epidemic America’s Trade in Child Rape (2018); 9. Robert Crooks and Karla Baur, Our Sexuality, Chapter 13, “Child-
10. See A.W. Richard Sipe in JJCCJ’s, The Nature and Scope of
Sexual Assault of Young Children as Reported to Law Enforcement, hood Sexuality” (2d edition, 1983).
2. See, e.g., David Fergusson et al., Is Sexual Orientation Related Sexual Abuse of Minors by Catholic Priests and Deacons in the United
https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/saycrle.pdf
to Mental Health Problems and Suicidality in Young People? 10 States 1950-2002, 226 (2004).
3. Gene Abel et al., Self-reported Sex Crimes of Nonincarcerated dates,” The Washington Post, January 21, 1977. https://www.washing-
ARCHIVES GEN. PSYCHIATRY 876-80 (1999). 11. Janis Johnson, “Playboy Ads Help Recruit Priesthood Candi-
Paraphiliacs, 2 J. INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2(1), 3-25 (1987).
4. Karla Jay & Allen Young, Out Of The Closets: Voices Of Gay
Liberation, 338, 365 (1972).
tonpost.com/archive/local/1977/01/21/playboy-ads-help-recruit-priest-
5. Ibid. at 275.
hood-candidates/d8dd4b44-90bd-4c9d-bdce-
with the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Child Sex Rings: A Behav- house and Hustler (1987). http://www.drjudithreisman.com/archives/CCV-
6. National Center for Missing Exploited Children in cooperation
7. Paul Likoudis, Amchurch comes out, 20 (2002). Problem of Sexual Molestation by Roman Catholic Clergy: Meeting the
tization/126804NCJRS.pdf
I
n June 2018 a mother in Australia witnessed the moment her ly important role in shaping efforts of the pro-pedophilia lobby to
6-year-old daughter was invited into a “sex room” in the very advance their agenda of “normalizing” and desensitizing societies
popular children’s online game “Roblox.” In July 2018, a child’s to child abuse/adult-child sex.
online avatar was violently gang raped in the same popular chil- In considering these issues, attention should not only be given
dren’s game. Each day it seems the news me- to past and current trends but also to exam-
dia presents more and more examples of a ining how and where the dynamics of the
“virtual” reality and future yielding far more lobby may play out in the future, with a view
than merely “virtual” effects in real life. The to formulating a more coherent strategy to
question thus is a timely one regarding the defend children from abuse, understanding
relationship of technology, “adult-child” sex, as well that technology offers possibilities
and its lobbying movement in civil society. to creatively prevent children from being
This Chapter argues that the virtual and abused and to bring to justice those who per-
technological arena will play an increasing- petuate abuse against them.m
DECEMBER 2018 INSIDE THE VATICAN 39
DOSSIER SEXUAL ABUSE IN THE CHURCH
LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS
T
his Chapter constitutes the keynote presentation that approaches; 3) cultural context of the development and promulga-
launched the expert meeting. As such, it offers an overview tion of universal law; 4) refusal or inability of Church authority to
of the various issues and challenges regarding the use of use canonical remedies; 5) cultural, institutional, and systematic
canon law to address sexual aggression by clergy in the Church. issues embedded in canon law; 6) competing claims to right be-
Starting from the premise that the fundamental issues at the heart havior; 7) general lack of awareness of harm of sexual abuse and
of this crisis are cultural, institutional, and systematic, the Chapter clericalism; 8) effective tools in canon law; 9) reliance on bishops
considers the ways in which these issues are embedded in the cul- at the diocesan or episcopal conference level to develop their own
ture, institutions, and systems of the Church, and therefore in canon standards and methods of enforcement; 10) lack of accountability
law, and so call for a response at the same level. structures for bishops and obstacles to the creation of these struc-
The Chapter discusses 10 challenges in successive order: 1) tures. The Chapter concludes with a call for revisions to areas of
differences between global and local expressions of the Catholic canon law that are demonstrably insufficient for addressing the
Church and canon law; 2) developing understandings of the harm- magnitude of the crisis and the implementation of clear directives
ful effects of sexually aggressive behavior and disparate cultural for Church authority to respond to these allegations.m
T
his Chapter reviews the canonical structures that cur- countability measures to be established within the hierarchical
rently exist and some that have been proposed to address structure of the Catholic Church. These obstacles are not insur-
accountability of ecclesiastical authority, especially re- mountable, but this presentation describes how identifying and
garding response to allegations of sexual abuse and miscon- understanding these challenges is a necessary preliminary step
duct by clergy. It begins with an overview of the current struc- in the process of developing structures and accountability mea-
tures and processes, and identifies where there exist obstacles sures that are appropriately grounded in Catholic theology, ec-
and difficulties to responding to the increasing demand for ac- clesiology, and canon law.m
40 INSIDE THE VATICAN DECEMBER 2018
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE PROTECTION OF
SEMINARIANS FROM SEXUALLY AGGRESSIVE CLERICS
n BY JANE F. ADOLPHE
W
e recommend that current policies for the protection of and whether article 1.3 of the Apostolic Letter “A Loving Moth-
children and vulnerable adults be amended or expand- er” should be amended to include a reference stipulating that it is
ed to protect certain groups in trust relationships with enough that the lack of due diligence be grave in the case of cler-
the offending cleric such as seminarians. In addition, suggestions ical sexual abuse of persons under the same cleric’s spiritual or
are made as regards increasing respect for the dignity of the formational care.
sacraments, in particular, the Holy Eucharist, understanding that This would be in addition to the current reference relating to
the three situations under consideration, mentioned in the Intro- the sexual abuse of minors and vulnerable adults.2
duction (Chile, Honduras and the US), all involving active homo- Similarly, if the norms are to protect the “weakest of those en-
sexuality not only cause violence to minors and to persons under trusted” to the Bishop’s care, then perhaps another article should
the spiritual care of clerics (e.g., seminarians), but also besmirch stipulate that the lack of due diligence is grave in cases concern-
what is holy and constitute a sacrilege. ing the failure to protect the Person of Jesus Christ in the Sacra-
FOOTNOTES
tion for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF) and elements that might
Part III treats the Pontifical Commission for the Protection of 1. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Circular Letter of
be relevant to protect young persons, especially seminarians.1
Part IV discusses the current canonical norms on the account- 2. Pope Francis, Apostolic Letter issued motu proprio, “As a Lov-
care of clerics, especially seminarians.
ability of bishops and their removal from office for grave reason ing Mother,” 4 June 2016.n
M
any Catholic dioceses and religious orders responsibility. This study reviews and critiques the ma-
in the United States have gone bankrupt jor court decisions that have considered the merits of
over clergy sexual abuse. The Catholic these theories of tort liability and, on this basis, rec-
Church in America has paid out over two billion dol- ommends good practices that Church leaders should
lars in settlements and judgments to clerical sex abuse implement to stem clerical sex abuse and protect the
victims. In search of even deeper pockets, plaintiff common good of the Church.
attorneys have sued the Holy See in federal court. So Since 2002 when the clerical sex abuse crisis be-
far, they have been unsuccessful. But for how long? gan, tort litigation has helped vindicate the victims.
Victims of clerical sex abuse have sought relief However, at some point such litigation becomes counter-
for a variety of personal injuries including sexual as- productive. This study underlines the sovereign immu-
sault, sexual battery, seduction, false imprisonment, nity of the Holy See that precludes it from being held
fraud, intentional or negligent infliction of mental liable for clerical sex abuse in the Catholic Church
distress, defamation of character, intentional and neg- around the world, especially in the United States, un-
ligent interference with contractual relations, inva- derstanding that in some States, domestic law carves
sion of privacy and counseling and clerical malprac- out exceptions to this general rule. Consequently, this
tice. Those in close relationship with the victims of study echoes the warning St. Thomas More made at
clerical sex abuse have also sued for loss of consor- the dawn of the Protestant Reformation – “If the Pope
tium and intentional or negligent infliction of mental does not clean his house, others will,” understanding
distress. The harms alleged in these complaints are that failure to act, might mean that today, it will not be
premised on several theories of tort liability that hold a discontent Augustinian monk who nails a theological
Let us beg forgiveness for our own sins and the sins of others.”—
of action for acts performed by both clerics and Church decision-
R
ecent revelations of cleric sexual abuse in America between for dioceses supporting healing and reconciliation within the bounds
the years 1950 and 2000’s have similar patterns to other of the law and in the light of the Gospel.5❍
FOOTNOTES
offender groups regarding onset, career duration, and re-
cidivism.2
3. Ibid., at 583.
from 1950 through contemporary times, and the past civil and crim-
S
ince 2004, nineteen Roman Catholic dioceses and religious ent in nature than previous cases (as Professor Scarnecchia ex-
orders have filed for protection under the provisions of the plains elsewhere in this volume). Because the nature of a debtor’s
United States Bankruptcy Code. The result of these cases liabilities drives the results of a bankruptcy case to a great de-
has been an orderly distribution of billions of dollars to victims gree, the result of bankruptcies precipitated by such liabilities
of clerical sexual abuse in exchange for a financial fresh start for might vary as well. The devil, quite literally, is in the details.
the dioceses and religious orders involved. This chapter will provide a guide to such future diocesan bank-
The experience of the past 15 years points to bankruptcy as ruptcy cases. After a brief introduction to a bankruptcy reorgani-
the favored solution when liabilities – particularly tort liabilities zation case, we will discuss how bankruptcy courts have pro-
for clerical sexual abuse — threaten to overwhelm diocesan fi- ceeded in previous church bankruptcies in order to identify why
nances. Bankruptcy can be a painful process for any debtor, but, the bankruptcy solution has been, on the whole, successful.
to date, the benefits of such cases for Roman Catholic dioceses We will conclude with an assessment of how the looming next
have outweighed the pain. wave of tort liability facing Catholic dioceses might transform
Bankruptcy cases are not without risks, however. The next the bankruptcy solution in future diocesan bankruptcy cases from
wave of potential tort liability for clerical sexual abuse is differ- the path to a financial fresh start to a nightmare.m
for Human Rights in Geneva on January 16, 2014, (Fabrice Coffrini, Afp)
Tomasi (left) and the Promotor of Justice, Bishop Charles Jude Scicluna, before the High Commission
I
n 2014, the United Nations Committee Against having sex, or when they physically forced
Torture (CAT) questioned the Holy See (Pope, themselves upon the minors, this constituted
in the narrow sense, or including Roman Cu- rape, and that – in and of itself – though lack-
ria, in the broad sense) regarding its handling of ing any indication of a desire to torture or of
the sex scandal that dominated the news more other markers (like captivity, extreme brutali-
than a decade earlier. The argument advanced by ty, extraction of information, military or po-
some members of the CAT was that individual lice actors, etc.) typically required to establish
acts of sexual abuse (or rape) by Catholic priests an international crime, legally amounted to tor-
constituted “torture” under international law. A ture for which the Holy See should be held re-
group called the “Survivors Network of those sponsible.
Abused by Priests” filed a petition with the International Criminal As to the first part of the argument, that such an act constitutes
Court accusing the pope, the Holy See Secretary of State, and two rape, this paper is in complete agreement. This paper also agrees that
other Holy See officials of “crimes against humanity” and urging there is no defense for those who commit rape or other sexual abuse,
prosecution at The Hague. There was also a book published arguing especially when the victims are juvenile, and the perpetrators are in
that Pope Benedict XVI should be held accountable for human rights positions of authority. This paper, however, disagrees with the impli-
The argument against the Holy See is based upon the Convention
abuse due to his handling of the sex abuse crisis in the Church. cation that rape and the type of sexual abuse contemplated by the
or Punishment (the Convention), an international instrument under strained reading of the Convention.
against humanity. That part of the argument comes from a horribly
the purview of the United Nations. The Convention aims to pre- Sometimes rape or sexual abuse is used as a weapon of war or an
vent torture and cruel, inhuman degrading treatment or punishment implement of torture. In those most heinous of situations, rape ap-
around the world. It requires member nations to take steps to prevent propriately can be considered an element of the crime of torture,
torture within their borders, and it forbids states to transport people genocide, war crimes, or crimes against humanity. That does not,
Jane F. Adolphe
National Institute for Trial Advocacy at Notre Dame. Profes-
sor Bonner graduated from the Portsmouth Abbey School, and
Jane Adolphe is a Professor of Law at Ave Maria School of received an A.B. from Georgetown University, and a J.D. from
Mark H. Bonner
tic pastoral care to men and women with same-sex attractions. fight against pedophilia and child pornography as a member of
the National Observatory Against Pedophilia and Online Child
Professor Bonner began his legal career at the U.S. Depart- Pornography within Italy’s Presidency of the Council of Min-
ment of Justice and served there for more than 25 years, includ- istries. He is a Bioethics Professor at the Superior Institute of
ing appointments as Assistant U.S. Attorney in Los Angeles and Bioethics at the Pontifical Salesian University in Messina and a
the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Resident Legal Advisor in Moscow. member of the Commission for the Defense of Minors of the Ital-
Patricia M. Dugan
the Catholic Church’s triumphs and travails since Vatican II. resides in Michigan with his wife, Kathleen, and their three chil-
She earned her Licentiate in Canon Law, summa cum laude, from Seminary, and is based in Washington, DC. Her books include Re-
graduate and civil law degrees from Villanova University, PA. tant professor of dogmatic theology at Holy Apostles College and
Kevin Govern
presented on many topics of canonical and civil interest and ingham, England.
worked in numerous areas of both disciplines of law. Her recent
publication work has been in producing proceedings from the He is a Professor of Law at Ave Maria School of Law. He
Robert Fastiggi
Operational Law, The Judge Advocate General’s School; J.D.,
Marquette University Law School (1987); and B.A., History and
Mary Healy
Dr. Robert Fastiggi, Professor of Systematic Theology, has German Major, Marquette University (1984).
been at Sacred Heart Major Seminary in Detroit. Michigan, since
1999. Prior to coming to Detroit, he taught at St. Edward’s Uni- Dr. Mary Healy is professor of Scripture at Sacred Heart
its volumes The Gospel of Mark and Hebrews. Her other books
lege in 1974; a M.A. in Theology from Fordham University in interpret Scripture from the heart of the Church, and author of
include Men and Women Are from Eden: A Study Guide to John
1976; and a Ph.D. in Historical Theology from Fordham in 1987.
Paul II’s Theology of the Body and Healing: Bringing the Gift
In addition, he has done private research in Paris and Mon-
Fr. Sean Kilcawley is a nationally rec- was published by Ignatius Press in 2017 and was endorsed by
ognized speaker on Theology of the Body, Human Cardinals Dolan, Collins and O’Malley. The Italian translation
Love and pornography addiction. He was ordained a priest in of his book was introduced in Rome by Cardinal Gerhard Müller
Timothy G. Lock
culture. saw, in 1988, where he worked as a parish priest for seven years.
Since 1997, he has taught at Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski Univer-
Timothy G. Lock, Ph.D. is a licensed psychologist in full sity in Warsaw, Poland, delivering lectures in political ethics and
time private practice and the founder and director of the Goretti philosophy, religion and politics as well as Church - State rela-
Center for Healing and Forgiveness. Working within a Catholic tions as well as on Catholic social doctrine and European stud-
Robert Moynihan
terial Misconduct Advisory Board. Dr. Lock has published pro- Mariusz Sulkowski, Marcin Zarzecki, 2018).
Daniel Mattson
dren in northwestern Connecticut.
Let God’s Light Shine Forth, has been praised by many in the
Daniel C. Mattson is a writer and a public speaker who pro-
claims the Good News of the Catholic Church’s teaching on
ture, magna cum laude, from Harvard College (1977), and his
readers around the world. He earned his B.A. in English Litera- berg Seronick O’Leary and Partners, Inc., a Boston marketing
communications firm (1994-2002). From 1989 to 1994 he was
Suzanne Mulrain
gorian University in Rome, Italy (1986). Vice President of Batten Barton Durstine and Osborn, Inc., a
New York global marketing communications company. He has
She is the Coordinator of the School of Theological Studies been a Trustee of Emmanuel College, Boston (2001-2005), a
at Saint Charles Borromeo Seminary (2017 – present), where she Director of the Greater Boston YMCAs, a Director of the SPES
previously worked as a Marketing Strategist (2010-2011) and Foundation, a Director of the American Association of Adver-
then as an Adjunct faculty member from 2012 to 2014. Mulrain tising Agencies, and an Adjunct professor at the Olin Graduate
has considerable executive experience in the health care industry School of Business Management. He has been the Secretary and
setting up her own HealthCare Consulting, LLC business in 2016, board member, Heartland American-Israeli Initiative and is the
after working as a Director of Healthcare Collaborations, a New President of Our Lady of Grace Catholic Church parish coun-
Jersey Behavioral Health organization (2013-2016) and Director cil. He is married with four children and lives in Avon Park,
Judith Reisman
of Marketing and Sales, Progressions Companies, Inc, Behav- Florida.
ioral Health (2006-2013) as well as a Specialty Pharmaceutical
Representative and Trainer for Synthon Pharma, McNeil Pharma, As a researcher & author, historian & teacher, Judith Reis-
Janssen Pharma (1993-2006). She has the following degrees: man has focused on pornography as a pandemic, addicting men,
Ph.D. (Candidate), John Paul II Institute for Marriage and Fami- women and children and upon exposing Dr. Alfred C. Kinsey’s
ly Studies, Melbourne, Australia (2014 – present); M.A. School fraudulent sex science research and education. She is currently a
of Theological Studies, Saint Charles Borromeo Seminary, Wyn- Research Professor, Director, Child Protection Institute, Liberty
newood, PA (2012); and B.A., Chestnut Hill College, Philadel- University School of Law, and Scientific Adviser, California Pro-
Susan Mulheron
phia, PA (1977). tective Parents Association, and Distinguished Senior Fellow,
The Inter-American Institute, and President, Institute for Media
Susan Mulheron holds a licentiate degree in canon law from Education. As scientific consultant to four U.S. Department of
the Catholic University of America in Washington, DC, and a Justice administrations, the U.S. Department of Education, and
etc. Based on her work, The German Medical Tribune and the
and is writing her doctoral thesis on the issue of sexual abuse of
Geoffrey Strickland
cludes serving as an advisor in cases of clergy sexual miscon- crimes against children and fraudulent science.
duct, as well as a judge, defender of the bond, advocate, and pro-
moter of justice in ecclesiastical tribunals. Susan is also a mem- Geoffrey serves as International Associate and Rome Office
ber of the Board of Governors for the Canon Law Society of Director for Priests for Life/Gospel of Life Ministries and as col-
Dale O’Leary
America. laborator with the Pontifical Council for the Family. His research
and publications pertain to the state of the family in the modern
ing to the family and human dignity in of Population Research Institute (PRI) that monitors coercive
the modern world, compiling an interna- population control programs worldwide. He is the director of
tional legal database (organized by top- the Southeastern Asian Human Rights System (ASEAN) for the
ic, region, and law), focusing upon areas pertaining International Center on Law, Life, Faith and Family (ICOLF).
to the family, human life in all periods of its existence, demo- He services as an expert on family and social issues for the
graphics, and gender ideologies. He assists in language related Rome Forum for Catholic Inspired NGOs that works in close
work (translation and interpretation) of Spanish, Portuguese, association with the Pontifical Council for the Family and the
including Hitler, the War, and the Pope (2nd ed., 2010), which
board. Prof. Rychlak is the author or co-author of eleven books, DC. Dr. Sullins is a leader in the field of research on same-sex
parenting and its implications for child development. He has
was called definitive by the Congregation for the Causes of Saints written four books and over 100 journal articles, research re-
D. Brian Scarnecchia
in the final report on the life of Pope Pius XII. ports, and essays on issues of family, faith, and culture. Dr. Sullins
continues as Research Professor and Director of the Leo Initia-
Brian Scarnecchia, M.Div., J.D. is a Professor of Law at Ave tive for Social Research at Catholic University, as well s as Di-
Maria School of Law in Naples, Florida where he teaches Ju- rector of the Summer Institute of Catholic Social Thought. He
risprudence, Bioethics and the Law and Catholic Social Teach- also serves on the board of the Society of Catholic Social Scien-
ing and the Law. He has also served as the Chair of the Depart- tists (SCSS), the Center for Family and Human Rights (C-FAM),
ment of Catholic Social Thought, Director of Legal Studies, and and the Natural Family Journal. He is a Fellow of the Marriage
Director Human Life Studies at Franciscan University of and Religion Research Institute (MARRI), and was Ignatius Loy-
Steubenville in Steubenville, Ohio. He is the president of Inter- ola Fellow for Catholic Identity at the Center for the Advance-
national Solidarity and Human Rights Institute (ISHRI), a non- ment of Catholic Higher Education. Formerly Episcopalian, Dr.
governmental organization (NGO) in consultative status with Sullins is a married Catholic priest. He earned a Ph.D. at Catholic
the United Nations and the Organization of American States. University in 1997 and taught there from 1998 until his retire-
He serves on the Board of Directors for the Society of Catholic ment. He and his wife, Patricia, have an inter-racial family of
Social Scientists (SCSS) and is their main NGO representative three children, two adopted. He serves as Associate Pastor of the
to the United Nations. He also serves on the Board of Directors Church of Saint Mark the Evangelist, Hyattsville, MD.n