Free Full Text: Biomechanical Analysis of Snatch Movement and Vertical Jump: Similarities and Differences

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This is a summary plus of a paper published in Hellenic Journal of Physical Education and
Sport Science. You can cite this article as follows:
F. Arabatzi, E. Kellis. (2009)Biomechanical analysis of Snatch movement and Vertical

Jump: Similarities and Differences, Hellenic J Phys Educ & Sport Sci, 29(2): 185-199
Hellenic Journal of Physical Education & Sport S cience , 2009, 29 (2): 185-199
© Christodoulidi Publishers, Northern Greek Phys. Educ. Teach. Assoc.
Biomechanics
BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF SNATCH MOVEMENT AND VERTICAL

JUMP: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES*
Fotini Arabatzi & Eleftherios Kellis
Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and

Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
Abstract
The aim of this study was the investigation of the relationship of kinematic and kinetic character-
istics of movement snatch with the vertical jump. Eight elite weight lifters performed snatch and
vertical jump (CMJ) movements. Kinematic, electromyographic (EMG) and ground reaction force
data were simultaneously collected. The results showed non-statistical differences (p > 0.05)
in all kinematic variables between the two movements. Any differences that were observed in
certain phases were not statistically significant and did not after the observation that there was
a resemblance of the two movements in angle and angular velocity values. A high relationship
was observed between the two movements in the vertical GRFs and the EMG activity of rectus
femoris. The present study showed that the second pull of the snatch movement could resemble
a vertical jump with extra load, and may be beneficial in improving power.
Key words: Strength training, Olympic weight lifting, biomechanical assessment, electromyography,
vertical jumping ability
*An extended Summary Plus English version is freely available at www.hellenicjsport.com
199
Introduction
The vertical jump (VJ) is a complex multi-joint movement that requires maximal
strength exertion, explosive power and muscle coordination. Several investigations indicated
that the movement pattern of Olympic weight lifting (OL) movements (snatch, clean and jerk)
is similar to that of a VJ (2, 4, 7). As such, OL movements have been proposed as effective
exercises for the development of vertical jumping ability (8). However, little is known about
the similarity of two movements and the effects of weight lifting techniques on vertical jump
development. The aim of this study was the investigation of the relationship of kinematic and
kinetic characteristics of movement snatch with the vertical jump.
Method
Eight weight lifters (national level) performed snatch and vertical jump (CMJ)
movements. The evaluation of the kinematic and EMG- characteristics of the two movements
was performed with the Ariel system. Ground reaction forces were recorded using a Kistler
plate at 1000 Hz. For motion analysis, two video cameras (Panasonic AGI88 Tokyo, Japan,
frame rate 60 Hz with a high-speed shutter) and a video recorder (Panasonic S500) were used.
Bipolar surface electrodes (Motion Control, IOMED Inc., voltage range: +4 to +12V) were
used to record the EMG activity of Rectus Femoris (RF), Biceps femoris(BF) and Medial
Gastrocnemius (MGAS) muscles. The two movements were divided in 5 equal length periods,
of each movement. For each variable, movements were compared with analysis of variance
with repeated measurements
Results
The results showed non-statistical differences (p > 0.05) in all kinematic variables
between the two movements. Any differences that were observed in certain phases were not
statistically significant and did not after the observation that there was a resemblance of the
two movements in angle and angular velocity values. A high relationship was observed
between the two movements in the vertical GRFs and the EMG activity of rectus femoris.
⁰ ⁰ ⁰
140 200 200
120
150 150
100
80 100 100
60
40 50
50
20 0
0 0
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
Periods Periods Periods
Figure1: Angle displacements of Ankle, knee and hip(left, center and right, respectively),
as assessed through snatch movement (SM), as well as in countermovement jump (CMJ)
SM
CMJ
Figure 2: Angle velocities of ankle, knee and hip (left, center and right, respectively), as
assessed through snatch movement (SM), as well as in countermovement jump (CMJ)
Figure 3. Ground reaction forces (GRFs) as assessed through snatch movement (SM), as well
as in countermovement jump (CMJ)
mvxs
1,6
1,4
1,2
1
0,8
0,6
0,4
0,2
0
-0,2 1 2 3 4 5
Periods
Figure 4: EMGs of Rectus femoris(RF), Biceps femoris, and M.

graphs
gastrocnemius(MGAS) (left, center and right, respectively), as assessed through snatch
movement (SM), as well as in countermovement jump (CMJ)
Discussion
The results of this study indicated that there are qualitative and quantitative
similarities between the snatch movement and CMJ. According to previous studies, the
angular displacement of the two movements follows the same time- sequence: from proximal
to distal direction, the hip joint muscles are activated first, followed by the knee joint while
the ankle is activated last (1). The CMJ and the second pull in snatch lift may be performed
rapidly enough to store recoverable elastic energy and to release to the following concentric
contraction of knee and hip joint extensor muscles (2). These results indicate that movement
sequence in snatch in combination with the fast development of force and the intense
activation of rectus femoris, allow snatch to be equally effective with jump for the
improvement of jumping ability. In conclusion, the present study showed that the second pull
in snatch is described as vertical jump with extra load, and may be beneficial in improving
power (3).
References*
Ariel Performance Analysis System- User’s Manual, San Diego, USA

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Submitted: 7-10-2008
Accepted: 13-1-2009
Correspondence to : Foteini Arabaji, PhD, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science at
Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Aghios Ioannis, 62100, Serres, Greece.
 References have been cited in the Greek (printed) version of the manuscript

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F. Arabatzi, E. Kellis. (2009)Biomechanical analysis of Snatch movement and Vertical

BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF SNATCH MOVEMENT AND VERTICAL

Fotini Arabatzi & Eleftherios Kellis

Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and

*An extended Summary Plus English version is freely available at www.hellenicjsport.com

Figure 4: EMGs of Rectus femoris(RF), Biceps femoris, and M.

Ariel Performance Analysis System- User’s Manual, San Diego, USA

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