JOURNAL OF INFORMATION, KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

ISSN 0975 – 6744 , Impact Factor: GIF: 00.9487 , SIF: 03.495

“Analysis and Cost Comparative study of Conventional Industrial

building with PEB structure”

Vivek Thakre Mr. Laxmikant Vairagade

M-Tech Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering Assistant Professor, Dept.of Civil Engineering
G. H. Raisoni Academy of Engineering & Technology G. H. Raisoni Academy of Engineering & Technology
Nagpur – 16, India Nagpur
ABSTRACT
In this paper the pre-engineered steel building system construction has great advantages to the single storey buildings,
practical and efficient alternative to conventional buildings, the System representing one central model within multiple
disciplines. . The adoptability of PEB in the place of Conventional Steel Building (CSB) design concept resulted in
many advantages, including economy and easier fabrication. In this study, an industrial structure (Ware House) is
analyzed and designed according to the Indian standards, IS 800-1984, IS 800-2007 and also by referring MBMA-96
and AISC-89. The economy of the structure is discussed in terms of its weight comparison, between Indian codes
(IS800-1984, IS800-2007) & American code (MBMA-96), & between Indian codes (IS800-1984, IS800-2007).

Keywords—AISC, Crane Beam, MBMA, Pre-Engineered-Buildings, Staad Pro, Utilization Ratio.

fabricated and then transported to the site where

INTRODUCTION they are erected in a time less than 6 to 8 weeks.
The structural performance of these buildings is
Steel industry is growing rapidly in almost all the well understood and, for the most part, adequate
parts of the world. The use of steel structures is not code provisions are currently in place to ensure
only economical but also eco friendly at the time satisfactory behavior in high winds. Steel structures
when there is a threat of global warming. Here, also have much better strength-to-weight ratios
“economical” word is stated considering time and than RCC and they also can be easily dismantled.
cost. Time being the most important aspect, steel Pre Engineered Buildings have bolted connections
structures (Pre- fabricated) is built in very short and hence can also be reused after dismantling.
period and one such example is Pre Engineered Thus, Pre Engineered buildings can be shifted
Buildings (PEB). Pre Engineered buildings are and/or expanded as per the requirements in future.
nothing but steel buildings in which excess steel is In this paper, a comparison will be made between
avoided by tapering the sections as per the bending Pre Engineered buildings and conventional steel
moment’s requirement. One may think about its structures.
possibility, but it’s a fact many people are not
aware about Pre Engineered Buildings. If we go for Pre-Engineered Buildings
regular steel structures, time frame will be more,
and also cost will be more, and both together i.e. Pre-Engineered Building concept involves the steel
time and cost, makes it uneconomical. Thus in pre building prefabricated systems which are
Engineered buildings, the total design is done in the predesigned. As the name indicates, this concept
factory, and as per the design, members are Pre- involves Pre-Engineering of structural elements
NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EMERGING TRENDS IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (NCETET) : 30/01//2016
ORGANISED BY:G. H. RAISONI POLYTECHNIC, NAGPUR - IN ASSOCIATION WITH : AES Page 349
 JOURNAL OF INFORMATION, KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
ISSN 0975 – 6744 , Impact Factor: GIF: 00.9487 , SIF: 03.495

using a predetermined registry of building conditions, etc. Several compound and

materials and manufacturing techniques that can be combination type of economical roof trusses can
also be selected depending upon the utility.
proficiently complied with a wide range of Standard hot-rolled sections are usually used for
structural and aesthetic design requirements. The the truss elements along with gusset plates. The
basis of the PEB concept lies in providing the CSB frame of the structure considered in the study
section at a location only according to the is as shown in Figure.
requirement at that spot. The sections can be
varying throughout the length according to the
bending moment diagram. This leads to the
utilization of non-prismatic rigid frames with
slender elements. Tapered I sections made with
built-up thin plates are used to achieve this
configuration. Standard hot-rolled sections,
cold-formed sections, profiled roofing sheets, etc.
is also used along with the tapered sections. The
use of optimal least section leads to effective
saving of steel and cost reduction. The typical PEB
frame of the structure is as shown in the Figure.

Single Frame of a Conventional Steel Building

Advantages of PEB

Following are some of the advantages

Pre-Engineered building structure-

a) Construction Time: Buildings are generally

constructed in just 6 to 8 weeks after approval of
drawings. PEB will thus reduce total construction
time of the project by at least 40%. This allows
Single Frame of a Pre Engineered Building
faster occupancy and earlier realization of revenue.
This is one of the main advantages of using
Conventional Steel Buildings
Pre-engineered building.
Conventional steel buildings (CSB) are low rise b) Lower Cost: Because of systems approach,
steel structures with roofing systems of truss with considerable saving is achieved in design,
roof coverings. Various types of roof trusses can be manufacturing and erection cost.
used for these structures depending upon the pitch
of the truss. For large pitch, Fink type truss can be c) Flexibility of Expansion: As discussed earlier,
used; for medium pitch, Pratt type truss can be used these can be easily expanded in length by adding
and for small pitch, Howe type truss can be used. additional bays. Also expansion in width and
Skylight can be provided for day lighting and for height is possible by pre designing for future
more day lighting, quadrangular type truss can be expansion.
used. The selection criterion of roof truss also
includes the slope of the roof, fabrication and d) Large Clear Spans: Buildings can be supplied to
transportation methods, aesthetics, climatic around 90m clear spans. This is one of the most

NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EMERGING TRENDS IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (NCETET) : 30/01//2016

ORGANISED BY:G. H. RAISONI POLYTECHNIC, NAGPUR - IN ASSOCIATION WITH : AES Page 350
 JOURNAL OF INFORMATION, KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
ISSN 0975 – 6744 , Impact Factor: GIF: 00.9487 , SIF: 03.495

important advantages of PEB giving column free STAAD Pro software can be used for analyzing
space. and designing of the pre-engineered buildings. It
e) Quality Control: Buildings are manufactured gives the Bending Moment, Axial Forces, Shear
completely in the factory under controlled Forces, Torsion, Beam Stresses of a steel structure
conditions, and hence the quality can be assured. so that the design can be done using tapered
sections and check for the safety.
f) Low Maintenance: PEB Buildings have high
quality paint systems for cladding and steel to suit Static Analysis
ambient conditions at the site, which in turn gives 1. 2D/3D Analysis based on state-of-the-art Matrix
long durability and low maintenance coats. method to handle extremely large job.
g) Energy Efficient Roofing: Buildings are supplied 2. Rafter, Column, Tapered Sections, Rigid
with polyurethane insulated panels or fiberglass Frames, Purlins, Eave Height.
blankets insulation to achieve required “U” values 3. Full/Partial Moment Releases.
(overall heat transfer coefficient). 4. Member Offset Specification.
5. Fixed, Pinned and Spring Supports with
h) Erection: Steel members are brought to site in Releases. Also inclined Supports.
CKD conditions, thereby avoiding cutting and
welding at site. As PEB sections are lighter in Dynamic / Seismic Analysis
weight, the small members can be very easily 1. Mass modeling, Extraction of Frequency and
assembled, bolted and raised with the help of Mode shapes.
cranes. This allows very fast construction and 2. Response Spectrum , Time History Analysis.
reduces wastage and labor requirement. 3. Modal Damping Ratio for Individual Models.
4. Harmonic Load Generator.
From the numerous advantages of Pre-engineered 5. Combination of Dynamic forces with Static
building, in the present study, the points b and d are loading for subsequent design.
considered for the study, i.e. to save the steel,
reducing cost and providing large clear spans, Secondary Analysis
while all the other points are self explanatory. 1. Forces and Displacement at sections between
nodes.
Pre-Engineered Buildings by Staad Pro 2. Maximum and Minimum force Envelopes.
3. Load Types and Load Generation:
The power tool for computerized structural 4. Loading for Joints, Members/Elements including
engineering STAAD Pro is the most popular Concentrated, Uniform, Linear, Trapezoidal,
structural engineering software product for 3D Temperature, Strain, Support Displacement,
model generation, analysis and multi-material Prestressed and Fixed-end Loads.
design. It has an intuitive, user-friendly, 5. Global, Local and Projected Loading
visualization tools, powerful analysis and design Directions.
facilities and seamless integration to several other 6. Automatic Wind Load Generation.
modeling and design software products. The
software is fully compatible with all Windows LOADS
operating systems. For static or dynamic analysis The loads acting on the structure includes dead
of Pre-engineered building, STAAD Pro has been load, live load, snow load, wind load, earthquake
the choice of design professionals around the world load, crane load, erection load, accidental load, etc.
for their specific analysis needs. The load calculation for the structure can be carried
out in accordance with IS : 875 – 1987 and IS :
Structural Analysis and Design 1893 - 2000. For this structure wind load is critical
than earthquake load. Hence, load combinations of
NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EMERGING TRENDS IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (NCETET) : 30/01//2016
ORGANISED BY:G. H. RAISONI POLYTECHNIC, NAGPUR - IN ASSOCIATION WITH : AES Page 351
 JOURNAL OF INFORMATION, KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
ISSN 0975 – 6744 , Impact Factor: GIF: 00.9487 , SIF: 03.495

dead load, live load, crane load and wind load are the study, it can be concluded that PEB structures
incorporated for design. are more advantageous than CSB structures in
terms of cost effectiveness, quality control speed in
Load Combinations Load combinations can be construction and simplicity in erection. The paper
adopted according to IS: 800 – 2007. Sixteen also imparts simple and economical ideas on
different load combinations adopted for the preliminary design concepts of PEBs. The concept
analysis of the frame in both the concepts and are depicted is helpful in understanding the design
listed as follows: procedure of PEB concept.

1) 1.5DL+1.5LL+1.5CL1 REFERENCES
2) 1.5DL+1.5LL+1.5CL2
3) 1.5DL+1.5LL+1.5CL3
4) 1.5DL+1.5LL+1.5CL4
[1] Dr. N. Subramanian, ‘Design of steel
5) 1.5DL+1.5WL(θ=0+) structures’ .
6) 1.5DL+1.5WL(θ=90+) [2] Dr. N. Subramanian (2008), “Pre-engineered
7) 1.5DL+1.5WL(θ=0-) Buildings Selection of Framing System, Roofing
8) 1.5DL+1.5WL(θ=90-) and Wall Materials”, The Masterbuilder, pp. 48-6.
9) DL+LL+CL1
10) DL+LL+CL2 [3] Indian Standard: 1893 (Part1); 2002. Criteria
11) DL+LL+CL3 for Earthquake Resistant Design Structures: New
12) DL+LL+CL4 Delhi: BIS; 2002.
13) DL+WL(θ=0+) [4] IS 875: Part 1 to 5 Code Of Practice For Design
14) DL+WL(θ=90+)
Loads (Other Than Earthquake) For Buildings and
15) DL+WL(θ=0-)
16) DL+WL(θ=90-) Structures,1st Revision, New Delhi: BIS.
[5] Indian Standard: 801 – 1975; Code Of Practice
Typical Pre-engineered steel frames For Use Of Cold-Formed Light Gauge Steel
Structural Member’s In General Building
Construction, 1st Revision, New Delhi: BIS.
[6] Indian Standard: 800 – 2007; General
Construction in Steel — Code of Practice; 3rd S
Revision, New Delhi: BIS.
[7] Indian Standard: 800 – 1984; Code of Practice
for General Construction, In Steel; 1st Revision,
New Delhi: BIS.
[8] MBMA: Metal Building Manufacturers
Association-2006, Metal Building Systems
Manual.
[9] AISC: American Institute of Steel
Construction-1989, Manual of Steel Construction,
Allowable Stress Design.
[10] Technical Manual, Zamil Steel, Saudi Arabia,
Pre Engineered Building types Pre-Engineered Buildings Division.

CONCLUSION

This paper effectively conveys that PEB structures

can be easily designed by simple design procedures
in accordance with country standards. In light of
NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EMERGING TRENDS IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (NCETET) : 30/01//2016
ORGANISED BY:G. H. RAISONI POLYTECHNIC, NAGPUR - IN ASSOCIATION WITH : AES Page 352