Human Genetics Concepts and Applications 11th Edition Ricki Lewis Test Bank
Human Genetics Concepts and Applications 11th Edition Ricki Lewis Test Bank
Human Genetics Concepts and Applications 11th Edition Ricki Lewis Test Bank
eu/Human-Genetics-Concepts-and-Applications-11th-Edition-Ricki-Lewis-Test-Bank
Chapter 02 - Cells
Chapter 02
Cells
1. The cellular basis of muscular dystrophy is that some of a child's muscle cells
A. have combined into a structure that cannot contract.
B. lack DNA.
C.
D.
have too much of a contractile protein and become weak.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
4. Which of the following types of components aggregate and interact to form the epithelial,
connective, muscle, and nerve tissues in the human body?
A.
Prokaryotic cell
B.
Secondary meristems
C.
Differentiated cell
D.
Stem cell
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Chapter 02 - Cells
5.
Humans belong to domain _____, which is distinguished by cells that have _____.
A. Prokarya; organelles
B. Archaea; ancient organelles
C. Eukarya; organelles
D. Prokarya; proteins
6.
A. eukaryotes only.
B. animals only.
C. vertebrates only.
D. all organisms.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
8.
A. 10
B. 100
C. 1,000
D. 10,000
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Chapter 02 - Cells
12.
A.
Lysosome
B.
Plasma membrane
C.
Endoplasmic reticulum
D.
Nuclear lamina
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Chapter 02 - Cells
13. What is the sequence of events involved in the production of proteins that is secreted?
A. A hormone signals the gene that encodes the protein to be transcribed into mRNA in the
nucleus. The mRNA is translated into protein on the ER, then processed and folded in the
Golgi apparatus, and then sent out of the cell in a vesicle.
B. A hormone signals a protein-filled vesicle to move from the plasma membrane into the cell
and into the nucleus, where it stimulates transcription of the appropriate gene into mRNA.
The mRNA exits the nucleus and is translated into protein on the ER and processed and
folded in the Golgi apparatus. Finally, the protein is transported out of the cell in a vesicle.
C. A hormone binds to the plasma membrane, signaling proteins near the membrane to fall
apart into amino acids. These enter the nucleus and stimulate replication of the gene encoding
the protein.
D. The protein is produced as a linear molecule in the nucleus, then exits through nuclear
pores. On the ER the protein folds into its active form and at the Golgi apparatus is packed
into a vesicle, which carries it across the plasma membrane and out of the cell.
14. The organelle that consists of a stack of flat, membrane-enclosed sacs is the
A. mitochondrion.
B. nucleolus.
C. Golgi apparatus.
D. nucleus.
15. The organelle that is the equivalent of a cellular garbage disposal system is the
A. nucleus.
B. lysosome.
C. mitochondrion.
D. glucosome.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
16.
A. endosome.
B. episome.
C. oprahsome.
D. ectosome.
17. In mitochondria,
A. energy from nutrients is converted into a form that a cell can use.
B. all of a cell's DNA is replicated.
C. fats and carbohydrates are degraded.
D. sugars are added to proteins.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
20. In a DNA molecule, the sugar-phosphate backbone is the same in everyone, but the base
sequence is different in everyone. A plasma membrane is similar conceptually to DNA in that
A. the lipid bilayer is the same in everyone, but the nature and pattern of the molecules
embedded in it differ.
B. the pattern of embedded proteins in the plasma membrane is the same in everyone, but the
lipid bilayer differs.
C. the lipid bilayer and pattern of embedded proteins differ in everyone.
D. the lipid bilayer is the same in everyone, but some people have the embedded proteins
sticking out of the outer face of the membrane, and others have the proteins extending inward.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
22.
A.
peroxisome.
B. nucleic acid.
C. ligand.
D. nuclear pore.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
25.
A.
a microtubule.
B. an intermediate filament.
C. a microfilament.
D. a fibrous filament.
26.
People with giant axons lose the ability to move and see because
A.
apoptosis in their body rapidly and neatly dismantles cells into membrane-enclosed pieces that a phagocyte can mop up.
B.
they lack a protein, called gigaxonin, which normally breaks down intermediate filaments and recycles their components.
C.
they have an excess of CFTR proteins, which entrap salt inside cells.
D.
their hemoglobin leaks out of the cells of the body.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
27. The approximate percentage of our cells that are replaced daily is
A. 0.1%.
B. 1%.
C.
10%.
D.
27%
28.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
30.
A. G1
B. G2
C. G3
D. S
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Chapter 02 - Cells
33.
A. prophase.
B. metaphase.
C. anaphase.
D. telophase.
34.
A. prophase.
B. metaphase.
C. anaphase.
D. telophase.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
36. The part of a chromosome that shortens with each cell division, functioning as a "clock,"
is the
A. centromere.
B. centrosome.
C. centriole.
D. telomere.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
cellular duplication.
D. cellular adhesion.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
42. A cell that can divide to give rise to any cell type, including those of membranes that
support the developing embryo, is
A. multipotent.
B. a progenitor cell.
C. a differentiated cell.
D. totipotent.
43. An experimental treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease), which
causes gradual loss of the ability to move, sends four genes into cells sampled from a patient's
skin. This procedure reprograms the cells, which are then exposed to molecules and genes that
stimulate them to develop as healthy versions of the cells affected in the disease. These cells
are implanted into the patient. They are
A. embryonic stem cells.
B. adult connective tissue stem cells.
C. induced pluripotent stem cells.
D. apoptotic cells.
44. Human embryonic stem cells that are used in research are
A. cultured in the bodies of human embryos from outer cell mass cells.
B. cultured in laboratory dishes from inner cell mass cells taken from a 5-day embryo.
C. taken from aborted human fetuses between 10 and 12 weeks of gestation.
D. taken from stillbirths that do not have genetic diseases.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
45.
"Adult" stem cells are more accurately called tissue-specific or somatic stem cells because
46. Human stem cells are valuable in drug development because they can be used to
A. create experimental organisms, such as rats and mice.
B. replace experimental animals such as rats and mice.
C. grow human embryos in culture, on which drugs can be tested.
D. study the latest stages of the disease that would have unfolded if the person hadn't died.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
47.
The cells within and on us that are not actually of us constitute the
A.
human microbiome.
B.
parasite family.
C.
prokaryotic cells.
D.
cytoskeleton.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
48. Which of the following is a cure for people with recurrent infection from Clostridium
difficile?
A.
Renal transplantation
B.
Genetic restructuring
C.
Grafting
D.
Fecal transplantation
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Chapter 02 - Cells
High blood sugar following weight-loss surgery is partly due to a changed gut microbiome.
B.
An altered microbiome hastens starvation in malnourished children.
C.
Antibiotics do not alter the gut microbiome.
D.
The microbiome consists primarily of cells that belong to the human body.
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Chapter 02 - Cells
50.
A.
EnteritisSalmonella
B.
Probiotics
C.
Streptococcus Pyogenes
D.
Salmonella Typhi
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