Offe C. - New Social Movements. Challenging The Boundaries of Institutional Politics
Offe C. - New Social Movements. Challenging The Boundaries of Institutional Politics
Offe C. - New Social Movements. Challenging The Boundaries of Institutional Politics
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TheNew Paradigm
5 H. Zivilisation(Opladen: West-
Schelsky, Der Mensch in der wissenschaftlichen
deutscherVerlag,1961).
6 Raschke,"Politikund Wertwandel."
7 K. W. Brand,NeuesozialeBewegungen (Opladen: WestdeutscherVerlag,1982).
8 K. Hildebrandtand R. J. Dalton,"Die neue Politik,"
Politische 18
Vierteljahresschrift
(1977).
9
J. Habermas, Strukturwandel
derÖffentlichkeit: übereineKategorieder
Untersuchungen
bürgerlichen
Gesellschaft 1962); B. Marin,"NeuerPopulismus
(Neuwied:Luchterhand,
und 'Wirtschaftspartnerschaft',"
Österreichische
Zeitschrift 9 (1980):
für Politikwissenschaft
157-170.
10U. Schimank, Neoromantischer Protestim Spätkapitalismus:
Der Widerstandgegen
Stadt-und Landschaftsverödung
(Bielefeld: AJZ, 1983).
11S. Berger,"Politicsand Anti-Politics
in WesternEurope in the Seventies,"
Daedalus108 (1979): 27-50.
12A. Marsh, Protestand PoliticalConsciousness
(London: Sage, 1977).;
and Agendas
ChangingSocial Structures
Figure 2. The Main Characteristics of the "Old" and "New" Paradigmsof Politics
joined the protestagainst the building of new power plants (H. Kitschelt,Kernenergie-
politik[Frankfurt:Campus, 1980]). Strong old middle class elements usually sup-
port regionalistmovementssuch as the occitane movement in the hope of winning
more economic subsidies from the central state (A. Touraine, Le pays contrel'état
[Paris: Seuil, 1981]). And movementsresistinglarge-scaleurban renewal find natural
allies in the local merchants,who fear that large-scalecommercialcapital will move in
as soon as citycenters have been modernized.
21Parkin, Middle Class Radicalism.
22
J. Gershuny,AfterIndustrialSociety?The EmergingSelf-Service
Economy(London:
Macmillan, 1978).
24W. Kornhauser, The Politicsof Mass Society(New York: Free Press, 1976); N. J.
Smelser, Theoryof CollectiveBehavior(New York: Free Press, 1963).
25Cf. B.
Berger et al., The HomelessMind: Modernizationand Consciousness(New
York: Vintage Books, 1973).
40Cf. D. Rucht,
Planung und Partizipation(Munich: Tuduv, 1982), p. 277.
changedevenallows,as a rule,forcontingencyconcerningthe
areas and methodsin whichsuch change mightbe accom-
plished, and it thus differsfundamentallyin its logical
structurefromthe doctrinesof classicalMarxism(as well as
from the doctrinesof some other earlier modern social
movements) whichreliedupon ontologicalassumptionsabout
the predetermined,privileged (or even "correct") social
groups,pointsin time,organizationalforms,and tacticsby
whichchange could be broughtabout.
A ChallengetotheOld Paradigm
/ AllianceII '
"Left" L ' "Right"
workingclass, elements of old and
f
elements of new middle new middle class,
j
class
{unionized [ nonunionized workers
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43P.
Ingrao, Tradizionee progetto(Bari: de Donato, 1982).
* Thanks for extensive comments and criticismare due to John Keane, Herbert
Kitschelt,Peter Lange, Dieter Rucht, Bart von Steenberge, and Helmut Wiesenthal.
Most of this study was writtenwhile the author was a Fellow at the Netherlands
Institutefor Advanced Study, Wassenaar, in 1982-83.