1 - Introduction To BME
1 - Introduction To BME
1 - Introduction To BME
2015
Introduction
Biomedical Engineering
• Biomedical Engineering is a discipline which
develops and applies engineering science and
technology for the purpose of:
and
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Biomedical Engineering
• It demands new developments in methodology
and theory of engineering as it faces the more
complex and peculiar aspects of a non-man-
made object of study, the living organism.
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Medical Engineering
• Applies and develops engineering methodology
and technology for the purpose of achieving
advancement in the delivery of health care,
particularly in research, design, and
development in areas such as
• biomaterials,
• transducers,
• monitoring and measuring devices,
• diagnostic instruments,
• therapeutic instruments
• artificial organs and aids
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Examples
• Bio-materials: Mechanical and other properties of bio-materials and implant
materials, dentistry.
• Biomedical transducers for measurement of biopotentials, pH, pCO2, pO2,
force, displacement, pressure, flow, temperature, and impedance.
• Biomedical instrument systems such as
– Electrocardiography and other electrophysiological instruments (EEG, ECG, etc.)
– Cardiac emergency equipment such as heart monitors and defibrillators
– Blood instrumentation such as automated blood metabolite determiners, clotting
time measurements, etc.
– Breathing and respiratory apparatus such as the artificial ventilator, heart-lung
machine, spirometer, etc.
– Physical therapy devices such as the electrostimulators, heaters, diasthermies
and sonic therapy devices
– Diagnostic equipment such as Ultrasonography, X-ray machines, tomography,
radioisotope and nuclear medicine devices
– Artificial organs such as the heart valves, artificial blood vessels and grafts,
artificial kidney, artificial pancreas, etc.
– Orthopedic and prosthetic devices
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Clinical Engineering
• In clinical engineering, engineering concepts and technology are used to
improve health care delivery systems in hospitals, clinics and other units.
• The goal is to achieve the technically best, most economical and safest
patient care. A typical clinical or biomedical engineering department at a
hospital may be involved in the following activities:
– Equipment and health care delivery system specification, evaluation and
incoming inspection.
– Maintenance management and preventive maintenance
– Repairs and equipment control
– Equipment and facility electrical safety testing
– Interpreting, complying with and suggesting standards
– Drafting policies and procedures, conducting in-service training, collecting
equipment documentation
– Interacting with medical staff
– Consulting
– Developing ideas and software for the computerized healthcare delivery systems
such as medical records, computer archive systems, patient interviews, mass
screening, automated laboratories.
Clinical Engineering
• The clinical engineer, in order to succeed in the above duties, must
be knowledgeable in
– health-care delivery systems,
– hospital organization structure,
– economics of health-care codes,
– standards and regulations of the hospital world,
– hospital information flow and handling, and equipment acquisition
– besides the more traditional field work such as maintenance repair.
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