Astm e 1032-06
Astm e 1032-06
Astm e 1032-06
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graphic film. Requirements expressed in this method are diographic Film Processing
intended to control the quality of the radiographic images and E 1025 Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material
are not intended for controlling acceptability or quality of Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indi-
welds. cators (IQI) Used for Radiology
1.2 The radiographic extent, the quality level, and the E 1079 Practice for Calibration of Transmission Densitom-
acceptance criteria to be applied shall be specified in the eters
contract, purchase order, product specification, or drawings. E 1254 Guide for Storage of Radiographs and Unexposed
1.3 The radiographic techniques stated herein provide ad- Industrial Radiographic Films
equate assurance for defect detectability; however, it is recog- E 1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
nized that, for special applications, specific techniques using E 1815 Test Method for Classification of Film Systems for
more or less stringent requirements may be required than those Industrial Radiography
specified. In these cases, the use of alternative radiographic 2.2 ASNT Standards:3
techniques shall be as agreed upon between purchaser and Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A Personnel Quali-
supplier (also see Section 4). fication and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded ANSI/ASNT-CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certi-
as standard. fication of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the 2.3 Other Standards:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the NAS 410 National Aerospace Standard Certification and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Qualification of Nondestructive Test Personnel4
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- EN 444 Nondestructive Testing—General Principles for
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (For more specific Radiographic Examination of Metallic Materials by X and
safety precautionary information, see Section 7.) Gamma Rays—Basic Rules5
ISO 5579 Nondestructive Testing—Radiographic Examina-
2. Referenced Documents tion of Metallic Materials by X and Gamma Rays—Basic
2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 Rules5
E 94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
3. Terminology
E 242 Reference Radiographs for Appearances of Radio-
graphic Images as Certain Parameters Are Changed 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
E 390 Reference Radiographs for Steel Fusion Welds method, see Terminology E 1316.
E 543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestruc-
4. Basis of Application
tive Testing
E 747 Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material 4.1 Personnel Qualification—Nondestructive testing (NDT)
personnel shall be qualified in accordance with a nationally
recognized NDT personnel qualification practice or standard
such as ANSI/ASNT-CP-189, SNT-TC-1A, NAS 410 or a
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on
Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.01 on
Radiology (X and Gamma) Method.
3
Current edition approved July 1, 2006. Published July 2006. Originally approved Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ANST), 1711
in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as E 1032 - 01. Arlingate Lane, P.O. Box 28518, Columbus, OH 43228-0518.
2 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc. (AIA), 1250
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Eye St., NW, Washington, DC 20005.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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faces behind the film, (that is, walls, floors, etc.) serves to graph. These two IQIs will then serve to qualify the radiograph
reduce radiographic contrast and may produce undesirable technique.
effects on radiographic quality. A 1⁄8-in. lead sheet, placed 8.9.3 For cylindrical vessels or flat components where one
behind the film, generally furnishes adequate protection against or more film holders and cassettes are used for an exposure, at
back-scattered radiation. least one IQI image shall appear on each radiograph, except
8.5.2 To detect back-scattered radiation, position a lead where the source is placed on the axis of the object and a
letter B (approximately 1⁄8 in. thick by 1⁄2 in. high) on the rear complete circumference or portion of the circumference radio-
side of the film holder. If a light image of the lead letter B graphed with a single exposure. In which case, at least three
appears on the radiograph, it indicates that more back-scatter IQIs shall be placed approximately equidistant apart. When the
protection is necessary. The appearance of a dark image of the source is placed on the axis of the circumference and a portion
lead letter B should be disregarded, unless the dark image of that circumference (four or more continuous film locations)
could mask or be confused with rejectable weld defects. is radiographed during a single exposure, at least three IQIs
8.6 IQI Selection—The thickness on which the IQI is based placed approximately equidistant apart shall be used. Other-
is the single-wall thickness plus actual reinforcement thickness wise, at least one IQI image shall appear on each radiograph.
up to the maximum allowed. Backing strips or rings are not Where portions of longitudinal welds adjoining the circumfer-
considered as part of the weld or reinforcement thickness in ential weld are being examined simultaneously with the
IQI selection. For any thickness, a thinner IQI may be used, circumferential weld, additional IQIs shall be placed on the
provided all other requirements for radiography are met. longitudinal welds at the ends of the sections most remote from
8.7 IQI Placement: the position of the source used to radiograph the circumferen-
8.7.1 Place the IQIs on the source side adjacent to the weld tial weld.
being radiographed. Where the weld metal is not radiographi- 8.9.4 Qualifying radiographs, on which one or more IQIs
cally similar to the base material or where geometry precludes were imaged during exposure, shall always be retained as part
placement, the IQI may be placed over the weld. of record to validate required IQI sensitivity and placement.
8.7.2 Film Side IQI—In those cases where the physical
placement of the IQI on the source side is not possible, the IQI NOTE 2—For parts of irregular geometry or widely varying thickness, it
may be placed on the film side. The applicable job order or may be necessary to radiograph the first unit of a given design to
determine proper placement of IQI for subsequent radiography.
contract shall specify the applicable film-side quality level.
Place a lead letter F adjacent to the IQI for identification. 8.10 Shim Utilization—When a weld reinforcement or
8.8 Separate Block—When configuration or size prevents backing ring and strip is not removed, place a shim of material
placing the IQI on the object being radiographed, a shim or which is radiographically similar to the backing ring and strip
separate block or like section conforming to the requirements under the IQI to provide approximately the same thickness of
of 6.7 may be used, provided the following conditions are met: material under the IQI as the average thickness of the weld
8.8.1 The IQI shall be no closer to the film than the source reinforcement plus the wall thickness and backing ring and
side of the object being radiographed (unless otherwise speci- strip. There is no restriction on shim thickness, provided the
fied). IQI and area-of-interest density variation requirements are met.
ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
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in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
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