Automobile Restoration Business Plan
Automobile Restoration Business Plan
Automobile Restoration Business Plan
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Page 1
Table of Contents
Page 2
Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
Phaethon's Chariot is a start-up auto restoration shop. The company is engaged in the
restoration of old American cars, and the designing and building of hot rods, and street
rods. Body work and rust repair is the majority of our work. Phaethon's Chariot has recently
rented a new state-of-the-art restoration shop, located at 510 W. 200th Terrace Circle
Boulevard, Centerton, Ohmstate. The company is dedicated to providing the highest quality
workmanship. Phaethon's Chariot keeps up on all the latest tools and techniques of the
trade to perform the highest quality work possible today.
Phaethon's Chariot is located in Centerton, Ohmstate. Our company and employees are
dedicated to doing each job right the first time, and retaining each car owner as a lifetime
customer of our shop.
The marketing research and tailored marketing strategy described in this business plan will
result in modest after-tax profits of in year 1, quadrupling after-tax profits within three
years. It is estimated that by year 3, revenues will reflect a healthy market share of the
local restoration market.
Within the next twelve months it is the objective of the company to market to the local area
to promote our business in the Highland Valley and surrounding areas. Our market
segment will be 30- to 65-year old owners of old American cars. After year three we plan to
expand our business to the Carahge City, Mythtate area. Our studies indicate that
the Carahge area doesn't have a lot of competition for our business.
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
Chart: Highlights
1.1 Objectives
1. Penetrate the automotive restoration market here in the Highland Valley. Within the next
twelve months, it is the objective of the company to market to the local area to promote
our business in the Highland Valley and surrounding areas, our market segment will be
30 to 65 years old men and women who own old American cars. After year two we plan
to expand our business to the Carahge City, Mythtate area. Our studies indicate that the
Carahge City area doesn't have a lot of competition for our business.
3. To improve the administrative processes of the company. This will allow a reduction in
the owner's involvement in simple administrative tasks from 50% of his time to 20%,
thereby allowing him more time for sales and marketing tasks.
1.2 Mission
Our mission at Phaethon's Chariot is to always perform the highest quality work at the best
price around.
We can achieve this by only using the best of everything to do our restoration.
We produce high-quality work using the best parts and supplies available in the market
place today.
We only employ the most knowledgeable people to work for our shop.
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
We have a metal fabricator who will build any part that we can't locate for your car.
All of our restoration technicians go through a rigorous application process before we
hire them. We employ only the best people to do our work.
At Phaethon's Chariot Restorations you will get only the best quality work done on your car.
Phaethon's Chariot Restorations is best suited to serving the high-end customer share of
the auto restoration market because clients of auto restoration can afford expensive
materials and custom solutions. The company is unable to compete with large shops
geared to mass production runs, nor can it's pricing compete with the many "insurance job"
body repair shops. The company is dedicated to providing the highest quality workmanship,
meeting the agreed delivery dates, and executing the custom work exactly in accordance
with the customers concept.
The company founder, Mr. Isoroku Tarnmaclahan, will manage day-to-day operations of the
business and will work collaboratively with all employees to ensure that this business
venture is a success.
It is estimated that the start-up costs will include legal costs, advertising, one month's rent
and utilities, and related expenses. An additional amount will be required as start-up assets,
including heavy equipment and cash on hand. The owner's existing tools comprise part of
the current assets. Total Start-up Requirements are detailed in the table below.
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
Some of the heavy equipment long-term assets that will be acquired include:
Inventory will consist of restoration materials. Custom panels, parts, seats, fabrics,
instruments, etc. will be purchased either by the car owners, or by Phaethon's Chariot on a
just-in-time, as needed basis.
Table: Start-up
Start-up
Requirements
Start-up Expenses
Legal $1,000
Logo Design - Artwork $3,000
Stationery etc. $500
Sales Literature $4,000
Insurance $1,500
Rent $1,800
Utilities $1,200
Computer Network - Office/Shop $6,000
Website Development $700
Office Furniture $3,000
Fixtures $800
Total Start-up Expenses $23,500
Start-up Assets
Cash Required $10,000
Start-up Inventory $2,000
Other Current Assets $30,000
Long-term Assets $100,000
Total Assets $142,000
Chart: Start-up
Phaethon's Chariot Restorations will sell classic car restoration services to the general
public at a shop rate of $45 per hour. This will include complete frame off restoration work
for all makes of American classic cars and muscle cars. We will perform tasks such as
mechanical repairs on older American cars, body and paint restoration including rust repair,
electrical repair, as well as custom engine building, custom paint and metal fabrication.
We specialize in pre-1970 American cars and trucks, and average frame off restoration will
take 600 hours of labor, therefore our average labor charge for a complete restoration is
approximately $27,000. There are additional charges for any parts that we have to get for
the job. Phaethon's Chariot will perform any kind of work on pre 1970 American
cars including, but not limited to regular mechanical service, and body and paint work.
TARGET MARKET
The type of customer who will be interested in the services of Phaethon's Chariot are
predominantly male, and in the age range from 30 to 65 years. The majority will have an
income in the $100,000 and up range. Some customers in the lower income ranges are
interested in specific services, interior restoration, or paint work and parts sales rather than
full restorations.
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
1. Quality full restoration or custom services, including engine, custom body work and
paint.
2. Timely completion of the work on their cars.
3. Competitive rates.
4. Close attention to detail, and commitment to quality.
5. Ability to offer ideas for alternatives and close customer services.
Phaethon's Chariot has the ability to meet all these demands. The owner has a long work
history in this field, and has extremely high standards in regards to the shop's work. The
owner and the foreman will make sure that the shop's employees meet these standards.
The owner also understands that, not only quality work, but the attention and care
bestowed on the customer and their cars will result in a good reputation.
LOCATION
There is no specific geographical location for potential customers. They are located all over
the United States. They send their cars to whom and where they feel will do the best job,
based on reputation. This reputation comes largely from "word of mouth", i.e. seeing the
quality of a car that was restored by Phaethon's Chariot at a show, and referrals by others
in the business. We feel that eventually 50% of Phaethon's Chariot's customers will come
from out of state.
INDUSTRY TRENDS
This is a large market that has seen an upturn in the last few years. All indications are that
this will continue for many years until leveling off at possibly double or triple the
current market. One company in this area, Car Barn Renewals, has a waiting list of three
years. They not taking any new business at this time. The owner of this shop is well
acquainted with the quality of work that will be preformed by Phaethon's Chariot and
has indicated to Mr. Isoroku Tarnmaclahan that he would refer anyone inquiring about new
services to Phaethon's Chariot. This will not only increase the number of potential
customers for Phaethon's Chariot in the start-up phase, but will provide a valuable word-of-
mouth reputation for them.
COMPETITION
There are two other companies in the Centerton area that offer services similar to
Phaethon's Chariot's. One has been in business for 40 years and has an extremely high
reputation within the restoration community. They currently have more work than the shop
can handle and has a waiting list of three years. They are not taking any new
customers. They also usually has one or more cars in most shows. The owner of
Phaethon's Chariot worked for them while learning his trade.
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
The other shop has been in business 15 years. They currently have a wait of 160 days for
any new work. However most of their work is new business (first time customers) as their
reputation in the community is not good and they rarely have repeat business.
PRICING
Phaethon's Chariot's labor rates will be $45 per hour. Both of the other shops charge $65
per/hr. Phaethon's Chariot feels that this is a competitive rate and will not impact the bottom
line in a negative manner.
ADVERTISING
Phaethon's Chariot has a modest program of marketing its services that include the
following:
1. Flyers
2. Discounts
3. Newspaper and magazines ads
4. Press releases and magazines articles
5. Car shows
6. Local radio stations
7. Website
8. Calendars
Each of these marketing approaches has the advantage of being low cost and creating
service awareness. The company is also considering the possibility of having a grand
opening program that would feature discounts, food, a local radio disc jockey and other
promotional ideas.
We feel that the company website is one of our best marketing strategies. It is linked to City
Search.com and many other classic car restoration oriented websites and portals. The site
has news about our business, answers to FAQ's and pictures of cars we've restored and
the process of the restoration.
The market for auto restoration reflects the buyer's income bracket and standard of living in
much the same way that the restoration market is segmented. Below are listed market
segments based on size of pocketbook and quality of production:
1. Material Outlets. Suppliers of auto body and paint supplies, interior supplies and
mechanical parts.
2. Simple jobs. Simple repair jobs and service are the next level in our sales chain.
3. Paint. Custom paint work such as murals and flames, will provide some income.
4. Restoration. Complete restoration jobs, and complete paint work.
5. Custom Work. Custom body work such as, top chops and channels, this would be
considered our high end of work.
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
The average age of our customers is 30 to 65 years old with an average income is $60,000
per year, with most full restoration customers having incomes of over $100,000. The
gender is predominantly male, with a college education, and coming from Centerton county
and surrounding areas. Some of the more recent trends come from the increasing
coverage of our industry on television, with shows such as American Muscle Car, Dream
Car Garage and the like. These types of shows have helped auto restoration to grow to a
billion dollar a year industry in the United States.
Market Analysis
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Potential Growth CAGR
Customers
Males 30 to 65 70% 20 34 58 99 168 70.24%
years old
Other 30% 10 10 10 13 17 14.19%
Total 57.58% 30 44 68 112 185 57.58%
Our target market segment strategy includes the use of local radio and television stations to
convey the word about our business. We also plan on using advertising in publications
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
such as Hot Rod and Super Chevy magazines. These publications are distributed to a wide
variety of people who are all interested in old American cars, and muscle cars. Our strategy
includes using people's emotions to persuade them to restore an old car if they have one.
We're not limited to just a couple of different types of advertising, we also us flyers,
discounts, newspapers, press releases and magazine articles. Our website, which is a well
designed, and cost effective way to tell people about our shop and it's services, Phaethon's
Chariot will use every way within it's means to convey our message to the public.
Our market strategy is to flood the magazines and air waves with our shop's
advertisements, doing radio ads during morning and afternoon drive times. This is due to
the fact that more people listen to the radio during these time frames, so if you have a really
catchy ad during these time it's probable that you will gain some customers from it. The
magazine publications go out to hundreds of thousands of people every month, so all we
need is to convert a small percentage to sales and we'll achieve our success. But we don't
stop there, we are also joining the chamber of commerce to network our business. We will
use flyers at the car shows to promote or shop, and of course business cards.
In setting a foundation on which to build a suitable market strategy for Phaethon's Chariot,
some of the other local industry players were contacted by phone. These players are
located in the greater Centerton area.
We called Classy Chassis and posed as a potential customer with a 1969 Z/28 Camaro for
a full restoration project, and from this call we discovered that their labor rate runs at $65
per hour, and it would take about 600 hours of labor to restore the car plus parts. The labor
before parts were added worked out to $39,000. This is for a frame off restoration,
rebuilding the entire car from ground up. We also discovered that it would take about 160
days to get the car into their shop to start the project.
We have also talked to Khamm Zhaapht from Car Barn Renewals, and have discovered
that he's running the same shop rates as Classy Chassis, but he has a three year waiting
list for his shop services, Khamm only does the highest quality work, having cars in most of
the shows at one time or another, Car Barn Renewals is very well known both in and out of
Ohmstate.
The general nature of competition in this business, and how the customers seem to choose
one shop over another can be measured by customer loyalty and positive word of mouth.
Customer loyalty and shop preference come from developing a trust between the customer
and the business. To be successful in the automotive restoration business, one must truly
believe in the old American cars and love them. The customer must truly be made to feel
welcome and cared for. The trust that a customer feels, is based upon the business' ability
to recognize what it takes to please a customer, and then is built upon by continuously
delivering to that customer at, or above, the that they expect.
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
The level of attention and care that our staff bestow upon our customers sets us far above
our competition. We also have extremely high standards for professionalism in the shop.
Cleanliness, adherence to all shop rules, and efficiency are constantly applied. Prices are
reasonable, and are perceived as being an exceptional value. Our shop offers the highest
quality restoration work available today, we use only the highest quality parts and supplies
on all of our jobs. All of this can be found in a professional shop environment, and very
comfortable for our customers.
Image is a key factor in making inroads into the higher echelons of auto
restoration. Phaethon's Chariot's strategy is to lift its image, through advertising in
prestigious trade publications, networking with a Chamber of Commerce membership, and
actively marketing to a select group of people located in and around the company's target
market area.
The company seeks to establish a competitive edge in its new target market segment by
increasing the level of customer contact and service that other competitors seem to
oftentimes lack. Additionally, Phaethon's Chariot Restorations possesses the necessary
skills to produce the high quality restorations that are needed in this field. The
establishment of the previously mentioned work processes that will ensure greater service
will strengthen the contacts that promote word-of-mouth marketing and networking.
Our competitive edge will come from hard work and customer satisfaction, we will only
produce top quality work that is show ready when it leaves the shop. This will spawn good
word of mouth, which will in turn generate work from past and present customers of our
shop.
expect this to increase Phaethon's income by about 10% during that 90-day period.
3. Advertising. Development of a top quality logo and photography which can be used in
ads, brochures, name cards, etc. Not counting printing costs, which vary by quantity and
quality of paper chosen, the design costs for this would run about $1,500. A day's
photography would be an additional $850-$1,600.
Marketing these prime prospects must be carried out in a thoughtful organized way. Color
literature including the newly designed logo should be completed as a first step. When
marketing these prospects it will be important to present a portfolio of Phaethon's
Chariot's most innovative work. A relaxed face-to-face meeting, resulting in good
communication between Phaethon's Chariot and the project car's owners, should be all
that's needed to generate a first order.
Networking is also very useful. It is important, once the logo and artwork materials have
been completed, for the owner to make a point of introducing herself to important players in
the restoration world surrounding Centerton. Good contacts include hot rod businesses,
parts stores, custom car clubs, suppliers of paint, etc.
The marketing strategy discussed previously in this business plan will generate the desired
sales. These sales will begin with our website, and the Chamber of Commerce. It is a
stated objective to transfer the administrative burden away from the owner, freeing up his
time to meet with clients, to network at car shows and events, and to market the shop to
prospective clients. This means that someone else will be answering the incoming calls.
This person must be carefully trained to recognize who must be called back immediately by
the owner. The shop owner needs--and expects--close contact with the shop foreman.
The shop is under pressure to produce the highest quality work possible, for example, a car
that's going to shows is going to foster sales. The owner must be armed with a cell phone
and a pager. The important caller should be told that the owner will "call right back." The
more successful the marketing strategy is in making inroads into our share of
the restoration market, the more important this communication response will become.
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
The Sales Forecast is divided up into the major categories of restoration work, paint work
and service. Unit sales includes the yearly forecast of each per category, based on an
average of 40 labor hours per item and forecasted capacity given the personnel changes
mentioned in the Personnel Section. The category prices reflect the average cost per
category, based on past pricing strategies. Since the company deals with providing custom
services, this can vary wildly between jobs. Due to target market, estimated increase
in category price is reflected in years 2004 and 2005. Direct category costs reflect direct
costs in producing the items but does not including labor.
It is estimated that by FY 2006, revenues will reflect a 10% market share of the local
restoration market, and that we will be completing one full restoration each month. As our
market share becomes established we believe we can raise our shop rates from $45 to $50
and then to $55 per hour in years two and three of this plan. We will still be priced below
the current rate charged by other area shops.
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
Sales Forecast
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Sales
Restoration Work $145,008 $250,000 $324,000
Paint Work $49,236 $64,007 $83,209
Parts $72,399 $108,599 $162,899
Service $44,400 $48,800 $53,600
Total Sales $311,044 $471,406 $623,707
5.4 Milestones
The milestone table is set up as a flow-chart. The milestone table is specific in detail,
allowing for the smooth flow of functions that are necessary to set up the restoration
shop on schedule for the Grand Opening. Each function is timed to coincide with the proper
execution and time needed to complete each task. Each manager has specific duties
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
assigned specifically to his area of expertise. The end of the milestone table also shows the
beginning of the 2005 marketing plan.
Chart: Milestones
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
Table: Milestones
Milestones
Our website, is an opportunity to offer current information on our services, showcase some
of our recent restorations, upcoming car shows, and special events.
Our website will be promoted on all major search engines. We will link to City
Search.com® and many other classic car restoration oriented web sites and portals.
Also we promote to all of the blog directories, and on-line malls, and news outlets.
The owner has developed the company website. It offers the customer looking at it news
about our business, and reasons why to restore their old cars, it also tells about the
warranty on our work. The home page is a basic summarization of what our shop is all
about, the overview page contains our mission statement.
The services page will tell you about the services that we offer, our news page will tell you
about upcoming events and car shows. It also tells you about the car shows that we will
sponsor at or shop.
Phaethon's Chariot Restorations is currently made up of two employees who will put in a
standard 40 hours of work per week, we intend that our shop will use no sub-contractors,
and will hire new people as the volume of work demands.
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
All work is produced by our restoration staff and one shop foreman. All employees put in full
40-hour weeks. Additional technicians will be added where necessary and in line with
success in penetrating the plan's target market. By the end of March 2005, it is assumed
that increased business volume will require two techs to put in a full 40-hour week. By the
end of June 2005, increased volume will require hiring a new painter / body man working a
30-hour/week, and increasing to 40 hour/week by end of September. By the
end 2006, Phaethon's Chariot Restorations will have five techs working full-time. It is
assumed that a sixth tech will be added in either FY 2007 or 2008, depending on demand
volume.
Table: Personnel
Personnel Plan
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Owner $21,000 $40,000 $45,000
Foreman $17,400 $22,400 $30,000
Sheet Metal & Body Technician(s) $12,831 $45,000 $50,000
Automotive Mechanic(s) $15,162 $52,000 $58,000
Painting Technician $6,750 $24,000 $27,000
Admin Asst. $9,000 $20,800 $22,800
Total People 6 8 8
The business of Phaethon's Chariot Restorations does not require substantial outlays for
inventory and virtually all sales are on a cash/credit card basis, so increases in sales will
not be accompanied by initial cash-flow deficits.
The start-up costs are to be financed by the owner's personal investment and by a 7-year
loan.
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
Start-up Funding
Start-up Expenses to Fund $23,500
Start-up Assets to Fund $142,000
Total Funding Required $165,500
Assets
Non-cash Assets from Start-up $132,000
Cash Requirements from Start-up $10,000
Additional Cash Raised $0
Cash Balance on Starting Date $10,000
Total Assets $142,000
Liabilities
Current Borrowing $0
Long-term Liabilities $119,000
Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills) $6,000
Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) $5,500
Total Liabilities $130,500
Capital
Planned Investment
Owner $35,000
Investor $0
Additional Investment Requirement $0
Total Planned Investment $35,000
The Break-even Analysis is based on the average of the first-year figures for total sales and
average cost of sales, and by the averaged annual monthly operating expenses. These
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
conservative assumptions make for a more accurate estimate of real risk, showing that we
need to have the monthly sales shown in the table and chart below.
Break-even Analysis
Assumptions:
Average Percent Variable Cost 21%
Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost $16,120
As the Profit and Loss table shows, the company expects to continue its steady growth in
profitability over the next three years of operations.
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
Expenses
Payroll $82,143 $204,200 $232,800
Marketing/Promotion $22,500 $22,500 $22,500
Depreciation $19,992 $20,000 $20,000
Rent $21,600 $15,200 $24,000
Utilities $15,200 $24,000 $0
Insurance $24,000 $0 $0
Payroll Taxes $0 $0 $0
Fixtures $8,000 $0 $0
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
As can be seen from the Cash Flow chart and table below, Phaethon's Chariot
Restorations has a number of advantages that provide for a large amount of growth in the
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
company's cash account. Because it is the company's policy that the clients to provide
the parts for the the restoration, the company has a very low cost of goods sold account
and therefore a high gross margin. Clients can purchase the parts themselves, or if they
prefer to have us make the purchase, we will locate the part, charge the customer's credit
card, and then purchase the part from the supplier/vendor.
Furthermore, the custom nature of the business means that there is no inventory cost to
speak of or accounts payable. With the ability to generate so much cash flow, it is assumed
that the company will seek to use this asset to expand its markets and production capacity
in the near future.
Chart: Cash
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
Current Assets
Cash $36,352 $75,590 $202,539
Inventory $17,818 $26,083 $28,695
Other Current Assets $30,000 $30,000 $30,000
Total Current Assets $84,170 $131,674 $261,233
Long-term Assets
Long-term Assets $102,400 $106,400 $110,400
Accumulated Depreciation $19,992 $39,992 $59,992
Total Long-term Assets $82,408 $66,408 $50,408
Total Assets $166,578 $198,082 $311,641
Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable $23,476 $16,522 $19,913
Current Borrowing $1,500 $3,000 $500
Other Current Liabilities $5,500 $5,500 $5,500
Subtotal Current Liabilities $30,476 $25,022 $25,913
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
Business ratios for the years of this plan are shown below. Industry profile ratios based on
the Industry Standards, Antique and Classic Automobile Restoration services, SIC code
7532 are shown for comparison.
Table: Ratios
Ratio Analysis
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Industry
Profile
Sales Growth n.a. 51.56% 32.31% 1.55%
Percent of Sales
Sales 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Gross Margin 78.61% 78.39% 78.80% 100.00%
Selling, General & Administrative 68.62% 66.84% 57.76% 73.48%
Expenses
Advertising Expenses 6.43% 1.40% 1.40% 1.33%
Profit Before Interest and Taxes 16.42% 17.74% 30.82% 0.60%
Main Ratios
Current 2.76 5.26 10.08 1.95
Quick 2.18 4.22 8.97 1.31
Total Debt to Total Assets 79.84% 55.56% 29.64% 55.95%
Pre-tax Return on Net Worth 132.22% 88.36% 85.51% 1.18%
Pre-tax Return on Assets 26.65% 39.27% 60.16% 2.67%
Activity Ratios
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Phaethon's Chariot Restorations
Debt Ratios
Debt to Net Worth 3.96 1.25 0.42 n.a
Current Liab. to Liab. 0.23 0.23 0.28 n.a
Liquidity Ratios
Net Working Capital $53,694 $106,651 $235,320 n.a
Interest Coverage 7.65 14.29 40.72 n.a
Additional Ratios
Assets to Sales 0.54 0.42 0.50 n.a
Current Debt/Total Assets 18% 13% 8% n.a
Acid Test 2.18 4.22 8.97 n.a
Sales/Net Worth 9.26 5.36 2.84 n.a
Dividend Payout 0.29 0.00 0.00 n.a
Page 26
Appendix
Sales
Forecast
Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Sales
Restoration 0% $5,000 $5,750 $6,613 $7,604 $8,745 $10,057 $11,565 $13,300 $15,295 $17,589 $20,228 $23,262
Work
Paint Work 0% $1,500 $1,755 $2,053 $2,402 $2,811 $3,289 $3,848 $4,502 $5,267 $6,163 $7,210 $8,436
Parts 0% $3,000 $3,360 $3,763 $4,215 $4,721 $5,287 $5,921 $6,632 $7,428 $8,319 $9,318 $10,436
Service 0% $3,600 $3,600 $3,000 $3,900 $3,900 $3,600 $3,600 $3,900 $3,900 $3,900 $3,900 $3,600
Total Sales $13,100 $14,465 $15,429 $18,122 $20,176 $22,232 $24,935 $28,334 $31,890 $35,971 $40,656 $45,734
Direct Cost Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month
of Sales 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Restoration 0% $675 $810 $972 $1,166 $1,400 $1,680 $2,016 $2,419 $2,902 $3,483 $4,179 $5,015
Work
Paint Work 0% $313 $359 $413 $475 $547 $629 $723 $831 $956 $1,099 $1,264 $1,454
Parts 0% $0 $3,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Service 0% $1,440 $1,440 $1,200 $1,560 $1,560 $1,440 $1,440 $1,560 $1,560 $1,560 $1,560 $1,440
Subtotal $2,428 $5,609 $3,585 $4,202 $4,506 $4,748 $5,178 $5,810 $6,418 $7,142 $8,004 $8,909
Direct
Cost of
Sales
Page 1
Appendix
Table: Personnel
Personnel Plan
Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Owner 0% $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000
Foreman 0% $0 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,500 $1,500 $1,700 $1,700 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000
Sheet Metal & 0% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $1,833 $1,833 $1,833 $1,833 $1,833 $1,833 $1,833
Body
Technician(s)
Automotive 0% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $2,166 $2,166 $2,166 $2,166 $2,166 $2,166 $2,166
Mechanic(s)
Painting 0% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $1,500 $1,500 $1,750 $2,000
Technician
Admin Asst. 0% $0 $0 $0 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Total People 1 2 2 3 3 5 5 5 6 6 6 6
Total Payroll $1,000 $2,000 $2,000 $4,000 $4,500 $8,499 $8,699 $8,699 $10,499 $10,499 $10,749 $10,999
Page 2
Appendix
Gross Margin $10,673 $8,856 $11,844 $13,920 $15,670 $17,484 $19,756 $22,524 $25,472 $28,829 $32,652 $
Gross Margin % 81.47% 61.22% 76.76% 76.81% 77.67% 78.64% 79.23% 79.49% 79.87% 80.14% 80.31%
Expenses
Payroll $1,000 $2,000 $2,000 $4,000 $4,500 $8,499 $8,699 $8,699 $10,499 $10,499 $10,749 $
Marketing/Promotion $0 $1,000 $1,000 $1,500 $1,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500
Depreciation $1,666 $1,666 $1,666 $1,666 $1,666 $1,666 $1,666 $1,666 $1,666 $1,666 $1,666
Rent $1,800 $1,800 $1,800 $1,800 $1,800 $1,800 $1,800 $1,800 $1,800 $1,800 $1,800
Utilities $2,000 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200
Insurance $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000
Payroll Taxes 15% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Fixtures $1,000 $1,000 $1,200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $1,000 $1,000
Total Operating $9,466 $10,666 $10,866 $12,466 $12,966 $17,965 $18,165 $18,165 $19,965 $20,665 $20,915 $
Expenses
Profit Before Interest $1,207 ($1,810 $978 $1,454 $2,704 ($481) $1,591 $4,359 $5,507 $8,164 $11,737 $
and Taxes )
EBITDA $2,873 ($144) $2,644 $3,120 $4,370 $1,185 $3,257 $6,025 $7,173 $9,830 $13,403 $
Interest Expense $588 $590 $587 $572 $561 $554 $548 $549 $534 $527 $536
Taxes Incurred $185 ($720) $117 $264 $643 ($311) $313 $1,143 $1,492 $2,291 $3,360
Page 3
Appendix
Net Profit $433 ($1,680 $273 $617 $1,500 ($725) $731 $2,667 $3,481 $5,346 $7,840 $
)
Net Profit/Sales 3.30% -11.62% 1.77% 3.41% 7.43% -3.26% 2.93% 9.41% 10.92% 14.86% 19.28%
Page 4
Appendix
Pro Forma
Cash Flow
Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Mon
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1
Cash
Received
Cash from
Operations
Cash Sales $13,100 $14,465 $15,429 $18,122 $20,176 $22,232 $24,935 $28,334 $31,890 $35,971 $40,656 $45,73
Subtotal $13,100 $14,465 $15,429 $18,122 $20,176 $22,232 $24,935 $28,334 $31,890 $35,971 $40,656 $45,73
Cash from
Operations
Additional
Cash
Received
Sales Tax, 6.66% $872 $963 $1,028 $1,207 $1,344 $1,481 $1,661 $1,887 $2,124 $2,396 $2,708 $3,04
VAT,
HST/GST
Received
New Current $0 $1,000 $1,000 $0 $0 $0 $0 $1,000 $0 $0 $2,000 $
Borrowing
New Other $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $
Liabilities
(interest-
free)
New Long- $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $
term
Liabilities
Sales of $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $
Other
Page 5
Appendix
Current
Assets
Sales of $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $
Long-term
Assets
New $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $
Investment
Received
Subtotal $13,972 $16,428 $17,457 $19,328 $21,520 $23,713 $26,595 $31,221 $34,014 $38,367 $45,363 $48,77
Cash
Received
Expenditures Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Mon
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1
Expenditures
from
Operations
Cash $1,000 $2,000 $2,000 $4,000 $4,500 $8,499 $8,699 $8,699 $10,499 $10,499 $10,749 $10,99
Spending
Bill $6,429 $13,056 $18,478 $8,061 $12,625 $13,125 $13,323 $14,762 $16,595 $17,542 $19,982 $22,19
Payments
Subtotal $7,429 $15,056 $20,478 $12,061 $17,125 $21,624 $22,022 $23,461 $27,094 $28,041 $30,731 $33,19
Spent on
Operations
Additional
Cash Spent
Sales Tax, $872 $963 $1,028 $1,207 $1,344 $1,481 $1,661 $1,887 $2,124 $2,396 $2,708 $3,04
VAT,
HST/GST
Paid Out
Principal $0 $0 $500 $1,000 $500 $0 $0 $0 $1,000 $0 $0 $50
Repayment
of Current
Borrowing
Page 6
Appendix
Other $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $
Liabilities
Principal
Repayment
Long-term $1,336 $1,342 $1,349 $1,356 $1,363 $1,370 $1,376 $1,383 $1,390 $1,397 $1,404 $1,41
Liabilities
Principal
Repayment
Purchase $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $
Other
Current
Assets
Purchase $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $20
Long-term
Assets
Dividends $0 $0 $0 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,00
Subtotal $9,837 $17,561 $23,555 $16,824 $21,532 $25,674 $26,259 $27,931 $32,808 $33,034 $36,042 $39,35
Cash Spent
Net Cash $4,135 ($1,133 ($6,098 $2,504 ($12) ($1,961 $336 $3,290 $1,206 $5,333 $9,321 $9,42
Flow ) ) )
Cash $14,135 $13,003 $6,904 $9,409 $9,397 $7,435 $7,772 $11,062 $12,268 $17,601 $26,922 $36,35
Balance
Pro Forma
Balance Sheet
Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont
h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h7 h8 h9 h 10 h 11 h 12
Assets Starting
Balances
Current Assets
Page 7
Appendix
Cash $10,000 $14,1 $13,0 $6,90 $9,40 $9,39 $7,43 $7,77 $11,0 $12,2 $17,6 $26,9 $36,3
35 03 4 9 7 5 2 62 68 01 22 52
Inventory $2,000 $4,85 $11,2 $7,63 $8,40 $9,01 $9,49 $10,3 $11,6 $12,8 $14,2 $16,0 $17,8
5 19 3 3 2 6 57 20 37 84 07 18
Other Current $30,000 $30,0 $30,0 $30,0 $30,0 $30,0 $30,0 $30,0 $30,0 $30,0 $30,0 $30,0 $30,0
Assets 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Total Current $42,000 $48,9 $54,2 $44,5 $47,8 $48,4 $46,9 $48,1 $52,6 $55,1 $61,8 $72,9 $84,1
Assets 90 21 38 12 09 32 28 82 05 86 29 70
Long-term Assets
Long-term Assets $100,000 $100, $100, $100, $100, $101, $101, $101, $101, $101, $102, $102, $102,
200 400 600 800 000 200 400 600 800 000 200 400
Accumulated $0 $1,66 $3,33 $4,99 $6,66 $8,33 $9,99 $11,6 $13,3 $14,9 $16,6 $18,3 $19,9
Depreciation 6 2 8 4 0 6 62 28 94 60 26 92
Total Long-term $100,000 $98,5 $97,0 $95,6 $94,1 $92,6 $91,2 $89,7 $88,2 $86,8 $85,3 $83,8 $82,4
Assets 34 68 02 36 70 04 38 72 06 40 74 08
Total Assets $142,000 $147, $151, $140, $141, $141, $138, $137, $140, $141, $147, $156, $166,
524 289 140 948 079 136 866 954 911 226 803 578
Liabilities and Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont
Capital h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h7 h8 h9 h 10 h 11 h 12
Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable $6,000 $12,4 $18,2 $7,64 $12,1 $12,6 $12,8 $14,2 $16,0 $16,8 $19,2 $21,3 $23,4
28 15 1 88 82 33 09 13 79 44 86 76
Current Borrowing $0 $0 $1,00 $1,50 $500 $0 $0 $0 $1,00 $0 $0 $2,00 $1,50
0 0 0 0 0
Other Current $5,500 $5,50 $5,50 $5,50 $5,50 $5,50 $5,50 $5,50 $5,50 $5,50 $5,50 $5,50 $5,50
Liabilities 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Subtotal Current $11,500 $17,9 $24,7 $14,6 $18,1 $18,1 $18,3 $19,7 $22,5 $22,3 $24,7 $28,8 $30,4
Liabilities 28 15 41 88 82 33 09 13 79 44 86 76
Long-term $119,000 $117, $116, $114, $113, $112, $110, $109, $108, $106, $105, $103, $102,
Liabilities 664 322 973 617 254 884 508 125 735 338 934 524
Total Liabilities $130,500 $135, $141, $129, $131, $130, $129, $129, $130, $129, $130, $132, $133,
592 037 614 805 436 217 217 638 114 082 820 000
Page 8
Appendix
Paid-in Capital $35,000 $35,0 $35,0 $35,0 $35,0 $35,0 $35,0 $35,0 $35,0 $35,0 $35,0 $35,0 $35,0
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Retained Earnings ($23,500) ($23,5 ($23,5 ($23,5 ($24,5 ($25,5 ($26,5 ($27,5 ($28,5 ($29,5 ($30,5 ($31,5 ($32,5
00) 00) 00) 00) 00) 00) 00) 00) 00) 00) 00) 00)
Earnings $0 $433 ($1,24 ($974) ($357) $1,14 $418 $1,14 $3,81 $7,29 $12,6 $20,4 $31,0
7) 3 9 6 7 43 84 78
Total Capital $11,500 $11,9 $10,2 $10,5 $10,1 $10,6 $8,91 $8,64 $10,3 $12,7 $17,1 $23,9 $33,5
33 53 26 43 43 8 9 16 97 43 84 78
Total Liabilities and $142,000 $147, $151, $140, $141, $141, $138, $137, $140, $141, $147, $156, $166,
Capital 524 289 140 948 079 136 866 954 911 226 803 578
Net Worth $11,500 $11,9 $10,2 $10,5 $10,1 $10,6 $8,91 $8,64 $10,3 $12,7 $17,1 $23,9 $33,5
33 53 26 43 43 8 9 16 97 43 84 78
Page 9