Gramatica & Ejercicios - Subjuntivo Presente 6
Gramatica & Ejercicios - Subjuntivo Presente 6
Gramatica & Ejercicios - Subjuntivo Presente 6
Presente de subjuntivo
(Present Subjunctive)
Introduction
In Spanish, there are three moods within which all verb tenses are classified:
1. Indicative
The indicative expresses a statement of fact, truth, or belief. Many of the tenses
you have already learned are part of the indicative mood.
2. Imperative
The imperative is used to command someone to do something. All of the different
command forms (familiar, formal, nosotros, vosotros) are part of the imperative
mood.
Saca la basura.
Take out the trash.
3. Subjunctive
The subjunctive is used in a variety of contexts, such as expressing feelings,
attitudes, and things that are viewed by the speaker as uncertain or hypothetical.
l Ellos l Ellos
Ella -e Ellas -en Ella -a Ellas -an
Ud Uds Ud Uds
For example:
Sara recomienda que visitemos el Museo del Prado cuando estamos en Madrid.
Sara recommends that we visit the Prado Museum when were in Madrid.
o Atencin! Do you remember why you have to start with the present tense
yo form?
Any irregularities that occur in the present tense yo form
GO verbs
Stem Changes
Spelling Changes
Etc.
will also be included in the subjunctive forms!
For example:
As seen above, stem changes that occur in the present tense will also occur in the
subjunctive:
o IR Verbs
Unlike AR & -ER verbs, -IR verbs that stem change in the subjunctive will
have a stem change in all six of their forms, including nosotros and
vosotros. However, the stem change in the nosotros and vosotros forms
may be different than the other forms. In the nosotros and vosotros
forms, the possible stem changes are: e i & o u.
For example:
Spelling Changes
Some verbs have a spelling change in the subjunctive. This spelling change occurs in ALL
six verb forms.
Verbs that end in Spelling Change in Subjunctive
-zar -ce
-car -que
-gar -gue
For example:
There are many contexts that require the use of the subjunctive in Spanish
To help you learn to use the subjunctive, remember the acronym below:
Emotion
Each of these uses of the
Impersonal expressions
subjunctive is explained in the
Recommendations & advice following pages of this packet.
Doubt, disbelief, denial
Ojal
The subjunctive is most often used in statements comprised of two clausesa main clause
and a subordinate clausewhich are connected by the conjunction que. For example:
o The main clause contains an expression that triggers the use of the subjunctive
(See WEIRDO acronym)
o The subordinate clause contains the verb in the subjunctive
o Note that, in statements that use the subjunctive, the subject changes
between the main clause and the subordinate clause!
Necesito ir al supermercado.
I need to go to the supermarket.
WEIRDO Explained
Now lets take a closer look at each of the WEIRDO categories that require the use of the
subjunctive.
The subjunctive is used when expressing what you want or wish for another person to do.
Below are some common main clauses that express want, wish, and/or will.
En espaol En ingls
Examples:
motion
The subjunctive is also used when expressing an emotion, feeling or attitude toward
something
Below are some main clauses that commonly express emotion, attitude, and/or feeling
En espaol En ingls
Examples:
mpersonal Expressions
En espaol En ingls
Examples:
The subjunctive is also used in contexts in which you recommend or advise that someone
do something
Some common main clauses that express a recommendation or advice are:
En espaol En ingls
Examples:
Another common reason to use the subjunctive is when the statement expresses doubt,
disbelief, denial or uncertainty
Below are several main clauses that express doubt, disbelief and/or denial
En espaol En ingls
No es cierto que
Its not true that
No es verdad que
Examples:
jal
Example:
In addition to the WEIRDO categories, there are some other common situations that
require the use of the subjunctive
o Conjunctions
Conjunctions are used to connect other words/phrases
With some conjunctions, the subjunctive is used to express a situation or
action that is uncertain or hypothetical
The following conjunctions always require the subjunctive:
En espaol En ingls
Example:
Some conjunctions, however, can be used with either the subjunctive or the
indicative, depending on the context:
Use the indicative when expressing something that habitually happens
or something that happened in the past
Use the subjunctive when expressing a future action
En espaol En ingls
Cuando When
En cuanto As soon as
Examples:
Indicative
Siempre recogemos mucha basura cuando vamos al parque.
Subjunctive
El problema no va a mejorar hasta que reduzcamos
el uso de los combustibles.
o Adjective Clauses
The subjunctive is used in adjective clauses that refer to someone or
something that either does not exist or whose existence is uncertain
Examples:
Nonexistent
No encontr ningunos zapatos que me gusten en la
zapatera.
Uncertain
Busco un banco que me d un prstamo.
Im looking for a bank that will give me a loan.
Creer que
To believe/think that
Pensar que
Es verdad que
Its true that
Es cierto que
Examples: