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INFINITIVES & GERUNDS

PART1

PART 2
1. We had worked hard all morning, so at midday we stopped _________________ (have) a coffee
and a sandwich.
2. Did you remember _________________ (buy) that bag of apples I asked you to get. We need
those apples for the cake this evening.
3. If you are getting so many headaches, you should try _________________ (see) a specialist at
the hospital. It could be something serious.
4. We regret _________________ (inform) you that you have failed the first part of the test. You
can go home now if you wish.
5. If you go on _________________ (listen) to music that loud, you'll be deaf before you're
twenty!
6. You should stop _________________ (go) to that biker club. It's taking up too much of your
time.
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7. It's strange that I remember _________________ (go) to school the first time when I was five
but I don't remember when we moved house a year later.
8. I tried _________________ (stop) the thieves but they were both on motorbikes and it was
useless running after them.
9. You must regret _________________ (tell) your sister about her husband now. She has never
been the same since.
10. I meant _________________ (phone) you last night but I completely forgot. So sorry!
11. After graduating in law from Cambridge, she went on _________________ (become) a famous
lawyer.
12. I want to work abroad but not if it means _________________ (have to learn) another
language. I am terrible at learning languages!
PART 3
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PART 4

RELATIVE CLAUSES
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Rewrite the sentences below using a present participle, past participle or perfect
participle clause. Identify the new clause underlining it.

1. I smelt something. It was burning.

2. I was exhausted through lack of sleep and fell asleep at my desk.

3. She was doing the high jump. She twisted her ankle.

4. John spent the summer of 1990 in Europe. He was testing his boards on Austrian
glaciers.

5. Peter was abandoned by his parents at an early age and took to stealing.

6. I had plenty of time to spare so I had a good look round the town.

7. Mary had been shoplifting for many years before she was found out.

8. I left them. They were doing the washing-up.

9. He was frequently criticised for his self-centred attitude but was nonetheless very
popular.
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10.I had been out all day so I was quite happy to stay in for the evening.

11.The bedrooms that overlook the sea are the best ones in the hotel.

12.I had failed one of my exams so I couldn't get into university.

13.He couldn't understand the message. He hadn't learnt any Japanese.

14.After he was released from prison, Andy could not find a job anywhere.

INVERSION
USING INVERSION, REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES BEGINNING WITH THE
WORDS GIVEN.
You come to realise the significance of the murder only in the last few pages of the
book.
Only in the last __________________________________________________________
The demands of her job are such that she is rarely able to take a holiday.
Such __________________________________________________________________
The matter could be explained in no other way.
In ____________________________________________________________________
I have seldom heard such beautiful singing.
Seldom ________________________________________________________________
Peter didn't realize that he had lost his keys until he got home.
Not ___________________________________________________________________
If Mr Chan had been kinder to his employees, his business would not have collapsed.
______________________________________________________________________
If an emergency should arise, dial 999.
______________________________________________________________________
There are no circumstances where audience members may consume alcohol.
Under no circumstances __________________________________________________
They started to argue soon after they had got married.
No sooner _____________________________________________________________
You can't use my new car at any time.
At no time _____________________________________________________________

EXERCISE 2
REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING INVERSION.
1. The gang didn't know that the police had them under surveillance.
Little ____________________________________________________________
2. We won't consider you for the basketball team until you grow up.
Not until _________________________________________________________
3. Nobody has won so many matches for his team since 1994.
Not since ________________________________________________________
4. You will not be allowed to enter the auditorium under any circumstances once the play has
started.
Under no circumstances ____________________________________________
5. He would never play in front of a live audience again.
Never ___________________________________________________________
6. Amy had not enjoyed herself so much since she went to the circus as a child.
Not since ________________________________________________________
7. I have never seen such a terrible performance of Hamlet before.
Never before _____________________________________________________
8. They only realized the painting had been hung upside down when someone complained at
reception.
Only when _______________________________________________________
9. I had been in the room for a few minutes when I realized that everyone was staring at me.
Only after ________________________________________________________
10. He discovered that he had injured his knee when he tried to run.
Only when _______________________________________________________
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11. The new park was hardly finished when vandals destroyed the flowerbeds.
Hardly __________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
12. You shouldn't sign a contract you haven't read thoroughly under any circumstances.
Under no circumstances ____________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES.
1. _______________________ that I was speaking to someone as important as Professor Sims.
a) Little have I known b) Little did I know
c) Little I knew d) I knew little
2. In no way ___________________ question his honesty, although I think that he made some
wrong decisions.
a) did I ever b) I ever did
c) had I ever d) I had ever
3. Hardly _____________________ we were told that it would soon be time for lunch.
a) we had finished breakfast that b) had we finished breakfast that
c) had we finished breakfast when d) we had finished breakfast when
4. At no time before I accepted the job ___________________ that I would have to do so much
travelling around the country.
a) did they told b) I was told
c) I had been told d) was I told
5. Not since the 1960s _______________ attended an anti-war demonstration in London.
a) so many people have
b) have so many people
c) did so many people have
d) had so many people had

COMPLETE USING THE WORDS AND PHRASES IN THE BOX.

at no point in no way little never not not only no sooner
only after scarcely on no account rarely under no circumstances
1. __________________________ were the security guards to blame for what happened.
2. __________________________ once did the old woman thank me for helping her.
3. __________________________ seeing the doctor was Theresa allowed to leave hospital.
4. __________________________ will passengers be allowed to carry more than 2 pieces of hand
luggage.
5. __________________________ were they late to work, but they also forgot to bring the reports.
6. __________________________ during the party did anyone mention that Peter and Julie were
getting married.
7. __________________________ had Alan arrived in Mexico when he was arrested.
8. __________________________ did the passengers know that the driver was really an
undercover police officer.
9. __________________________ do you meet anyone as charming as Mr Peterson.
10. __________________________ should unaccompanied children be allowed to enter the pub.
11. __________________________ before has the company found itself facing such stiff
competition.
12. __________________________ had the alarm gone off than the police cars arrived
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15.I smelt something burning.

16.Exhausted through lack of sleep, I fell asleep at my desk.

17.She twisted her ankle doing the high jump.

18.John spent the summer of 1990 in Europe testing his boards on Austrian
glaciers.

19.Abandoned by his parents at an early age, Peter took to stealing.

20. Having plenty of time to spare, I had a good look round the town.

21.Mary had been shoplifting for many years before being found out.

22. I left them doing the washing -up.

23. Frequently criticised for his self-centred attitude, he was nonetheless

very popular.

24. Having been out all day, I was quite happy to stay in for the evening.

25. The bedrooms overlooking the sea are the best ones in the hotel.

26. Having failed one of my exams, I couldn't get into university.

27. Not having learnt Japanese, he couldn't understand the message.

28. After being released from prison, Andy could not find a job anywhere.