As Sociology h180-01 Ms June16
As Sociology h180-01 Ms June16
As Sociology h180-01 Ms June16
Sociology
Unit H180: Socialisation, culture and identity
Advanced Subsidiary GCE
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This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and students, to indicate the requirements
of the examination. It shows the basis on which marks were awarded by examiners. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions which took place at an examiners meeting before marking
commenced.
All examiners are instructed that alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches in
candidates scripts must be given marks that fairly reflect the relevant knowledge and skills
demonstrated.
Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the published question papers and the report
on the examination.
OCR will not enter into any discussion or correspondence in connection with this mark scheme.
OCR 2016
H180/01
1.
Mark Scheme
Annotations
Annotation
Meaning
Knowledge and Understanding: for example, studies or theories.
Developed Point: fully explained in a relevant way
Concept
Underdeveloped: Partially explained, but requiring more depth
Example
Application
Evaluation
Unsubstantiated/ undeveloped/ implicit / accurate without explanation/ support
Unclear/confused/inaccurate
Repetition
Irrelevant - not focused on question set
Juxtaposition of theories without direct evaluation
June 2016
H180/01
Mark Scheme
Answer
Mark
June 2016
Guidance
Section A
1. Define the concept of culture
Level 3: 3 marks
Good knowledge and understanding is displayed. There will be
an accurate definition (core meaning) but the explanation may be
underdeveloped.
Level 2: 2 marks
Basic knowledge and understanding. There will be no accurate
definition (core meaning) and the answer may rely totally on
examples. Alternatively, there may be a core meaning with no
further development. Or both the definition and development may
be partial.
Level 1: 1 mark
Limited knowledge which is likely to be very confused.
0 marks
No relevant sociological knowledge or understanding.
H180/01
Mark Scheme
Answer
With reference to the source, identify and briefly explain TWO
examples of norms.
June 2016
Mark
Guidance
6
Norms refer to accepted / expected social behaviour.
Responses may include the following:
Norms related to politeness/ manners (queueing, please
and thank you, shaking hands
Norms related to a particular context (e.g. at school, at a
funeral, at a party)
Norms related to a particular culture (e.g. food, dress,
customs)
Norms related to a historical era (e.g. food, dress,
customs)
Accept examples of formal norms: Laws
Links to source:
Norms related to socialisation and feral children:
human contact
human care
love
acceptable social behaviour
language
Level 3: 3 marks
The two accurate examples are applied to the concept of norms,
either in an underdeveloped way OR reference to the source may
be implicit.
Level 2: 2 marks
Only ONE accurate example is applied to the concept of norms in
a developed way. Alternatively, two accurate examples are both
underdeveloped and there is no reference to the source.
Identity
gender
human
Level 1: 1 mark
ONE example is applied to the concept of norms in an
underdeveloped way. Alternatively, where both examples are
undeveloped, one example may be applied to the source.
0 marks
No relevant interpretation or application to the source.
H180/01
Mark Scheme
Answer
Nurture is the main factor shaping human behaviour. Using
the source and your wider sociological knowledge, explain
this view.
AO1 Knowledge and Understanding
Level 4: 4 marks
Candidates display an excellent knowledge and understanding of
the importance of nurture. The answer will be wide ranging and
detailed, and focused on nurture.
Level 3: 3 marks
Candidates display good knowledge and understanding. The
answer may be underdeveloped, or detailed but narrow. The link
to nurture may be more implicit.
June 2016
Mark
Guidance
8
The importance of nurture may be discussed using the following:
Nurture as related to socialisation
The agencies of socialisation and their role in nurturing
individuals.
Examples of basic learned shared behaviours which are
nurtured.
Cultural relativity as an example of how nurturing /
socialisation differs.
Examples of feral/ unsocialised children such as Oxana
and Genie.
Studies related to socialisation e.g. Oakley, Baby X studies
Source A may be discussed in the following way:
Lack of normal human behaviour when not nurtured
Examples of animal like behaviour when not nurtured
The consequences of no human contact
Lack of identity (e.g. Gender identity) without nurture.
Nurturing by animals encourages animal-like behaviours.
Level 2: 2 marks
Candidates display basic knowledge and understanding of the
importance of nurture. The answer will lack both range and depth.
Typically answers will be generalised, undeveloped,
unsubstantiated, partial and/ or confused.
Level 1: 1 mark
Candidates display limited knowledge and understanding.
Typically, there may only be vague representations of the topic
area and a tendency towards common sense.
0 marks
No relevant sociological knowledge or understanding.
AO2 Application
Level 4: 4 marks
Candidates display an excellent ability to apply the source
frequently and explicitly to this question in a developed way.
H180/01
Mark Scheme
Answer
Level 3: 3 marks
Candidates show a good ability to apply the source to this
question. The response will interpret evidence explicitly from the
source but this may be less frequent (narrow) and / or
underdeveloped.
Mark
Level 2: 2 marks
Candidates display a basic ability to apply the source to this
question. The response will interpret evidence explicitly from the
source but this will be undeveloped (paying lip service) and/or
very narrow.
Level 1: 1 mark
There will be a limited ability to apply the source to the question.
The response will interpret evidence from the source but this will
be implicit.
0 marks
No relevant application to the source.
June 2016
Guidance
H180/01
4.
Mark Scheme
Answer
Outline and evaluate the view that distinctive gender
identities no longer exist
AO1 Knowledge and Understanding
Level 4: 4 marks
Candidates display excellent knowledge and understanding.
There will be wide ranging, detailed, explicit and frequent use of
sociological concepts and evidence.
June 2016
Mark
Guidance
12
Evidence in support of the view:
4xA
01
Level 3: 3 marks
Candidates will display some knowledge and understanding.
Responses will be wide ranging, though underdeveloped or
narrow but detailed (one fully developed point with evidence).
Level 2: 2 marks
Candidates show a basic knowledge and understanding.
Knowledge will be narrow (lacking in quantity), but will have some
coherence or responses may be undeveloped and partial.
Responses may be generalised.
Level 1: 1 mark
Candidates display a limited knowledge and understanding.
There may be one or two ideas and these may be confused in
places.
0 marks
No relevant sociological knowledge or understanding.
AO2 Application
Level 4: 4 marks
Candidates display an excellent ability to apply relevant
sociological material. The material is consistently related to the
question.
H180/01
Mark Scheme
Answer
Mark
Level 3: 3 marks
Candidates show a good ability to apply sociological material to
this question. The material is generally relevant to the question,
but may be implicit in parts. Alternatively, the selection of
evidence is narrow but well applied.
Level 2: 2 marks
Candidates show a basic ability to apply sociological material to
the question. The response may be partially relevant.
Level 1: 1 mark
There will be a limited ability to apply sociological material to the
question. Responses are likely to be marginally relevant.
0 marks
No relevant application.
AO3 Analysis and Evaluation
Level 4: 4 marks
Candidates display an excellent ability to analyse and evaluate
the view. There will be a range of explicit and developed
evaluative points against the view in the question.
Level 3: 3 marks
Candidates display a good ability to analyse and evaluate the
view. There will be some explicit evaluative points, but these are
likely to be underdeveloped. Or evaluation will be narrow but
detailed (one fully developed evaluation point with evidence).
Level 2: 2 marks
Candidates display a basic ability to analyse and evaluate the
view. There will be a lack of range of evaluative points which are
likely to be partial, confused and undeveloped.
June 2016
Guidance
H180/01
Mark Scheme
Answer
Mark
Level 1: 1 mark
Candidates display a limited ability to analyse and evaluate the
view. Typically, the evaluation will be minimal, assertive, and/ or
evaluating through juxtaposition only.
0 marks
No relevant analysis or evaluation.
10
June 2016
Guidance
H180/01
Mark Scheme
Answer
SECTION B: OPTION 1 Families and Relationships
5
Define and explain the concept of extended families
Mark
Guidance
June 2016
H180/01
Mark Scheme
Answer
Mark
12
June 2016
Guidance
The ageing population
Levins work on LATs
Roseneil & Budgeon families by choice
Beck Individualisation
Postmodernism
The ideology of the nuclear family refers to the nuclear family being
presented as the best type of family. Answers may refer to:
12
H180/01
Answer
Marriage is a thing of the past in the contemporary
UK. Assess this view.
Mark Scheme
Mark
20
June 2016
Guidance
Responses may include the following:
Theories:
New Right
Feminism
Post modernism
Concepts
Decline of family values
Individualisation
Confluent love
Plastic sexuality
Secularisation
Candidates may refer to statistical trends and patterns relating to
patterns of marriage and alternatives to marriage:
cohabitation
living together
living alone
Evaluation:
Chester (neo-conventional family)
Increase in and legalisation of same sex marriages
Serial monogamy
Functionalist view (Fletcher) the high divorce rate is a
reflection of a high value placed on marriage
Some feminist arguments.
Ethnic and or class variations in patterns of marriage
13
H180/01
Mark Scheme
Answer
SECTION B: OPTION 2 Youth subcultures
9
Define and briefly explain the concept of anti school
subcultures
Mark
Guidance
June 2016
14
H180/01
11
Answer
Explain how subcultures are linked to gender
Mark Scheme
Mark
12
Guidance
Responses may include the following:
Subcultures as largely focused on as male (Thornton gender
differences in subcultural capital)
Boys involvement in subcultures (spectacular, anti-school and
gangs)
Studies of male involvement in subcultures (e.g. Cohen,
Messerschmidt, Willis, Miller, Mac an Ghaill, Sewell, Jefferson)
McRobbie and Garber (bedroom culture and teenyboppers)
Heidensohn (malestream sociology)
Girls involvement in spectacular subcultures (Reddington)
Statistical evidence linking criminal and deviant subcultures to
masculinity (e.g. Home Office statistics on gender and offending)
Ladettes (Jackson)
Statistical evidence showing deviant activity according to gender.
June 2016
20
Studies:
CCCS
Hebdige
P Cohen
Clarke
Hall
Brake
Willis
Gilroy
15
H180/01
Mark Scheme
Answer
Mark
Guidance
Concepts
Ideology
Magical solutions/ imaginary solutions
Exaggeration of working class identity
Resistance through rituals
Spectacular subcultures
Scapegoating
Evaluation:
Functionalism
New Right
Interactionism
Postmodernism
Resisting patriarchy
Resisting racism
Examples of middle class deviant subcultures
16
June 2016
H180/01
Mark Scheme
Answer
SECTION B: OPTION 3 Media
13 Define and briefly explain the active audience
theory of media effects
Mark
June 2016
Guidance
[5]
14
[8]
17
H180/01
15
Answer
Explain what is meant by deviance amplification
Mark Scheme
Mark
[12]
Guidance
Deviancy amplification refers to the role of the media in strengthening
and magnifying deviance in society.
Responses may include the following:
Folk devils
Moral panics
Labelling and self-fulfilling prophecy
Application of News values
Stirring up public indignation
Identification of subversive minority
Studies such as Wilkins, Young, Goode and Ben-Yehuda,
Thornton, Cohen, Fawbert, Hall.
Theories such as interactionist, labelling theory and/or Marxism
(neo-Marxist).
16
June 2016
[20]
Studies:
Miliband
Hall
GUMG / Philo
Marcuse
In evaluation:
Debate between Marxists and neo-Marxists
Pluralism
Postmodernism
Feminism
18
H180/01
Mark Scheme
June 2016
APPENDIX 1
GENERIC MARKSCHEME FOR OPTIONS QUESTIONS 5, 9 and 13
AO1: Knowledge and understanding - (5 marks)
Level
Marks
4-5
There will be vague representations of the topic area and / or a tendency towards common sense and the
response is likely to be very confused.
No relevant sociological knowledge or understanding.
19
H180/01
Mark Scheme
June 2016
APPENDIX 2
GENERIC MARKSCHEME FOR OPTIONS QUESTIONS 6, 10 and 14
AO1: Knowledge and understanding- (4 marks)
Level
Marks
1
0
Marks
1
0
20
H180/01
Mark Scheme
June 2016
APPENDIX 3
GENERIC MARKSCHEME FOR OPTIONS QUESTIONS 7, 11 and 15
AO1: Knowledge and understanding - (8 marks)
Level
Marks
78
5-6
Candidates display a good knowledge and understanding which is either wide-ranging or detailed. There will
be some explanation given but typically it may be underdeveloped or the response will be narrow.
3-4
Candidates display basic knowledge and understanding which will be lacking range and depth. Typically the
explanation given will be undeveloped, unsubstantiated, partial and/ or confused.
1 -2
Candidates display limited knowledge and understanding. Typically, there may only be vague
representations of the topic area and a tendency towards common sense.
Marks
21
H180/01
Mark Scheme
June 2016
Candidates show a basic ability to apply sociological material to the question. The response may be partially
relevant.
There will be a limited ability to apply sociological material to the question. Responses are likely to be
marginally relevant.
No relevant application.
0
APPENDIX 4
Marks
5-6
3-4
Candidates display a good knowledge and understanding of the view. Knowledge is likely to be
underdeveloped, and / or narrow.
Candidates display a basic knowledge and understanding of the view. Knowledge is likely to be lacking in
range and depth, undeveloped, partial and / or unsubstantiated.
Candidates display a limited knowledge and understanding. There will be vague representations of the
1
topic area and / or a tendency towards common sense and the response is likely to be very confused.
22
H180/01
Mark Scheme
June 2016
Marks
1
0
Marks
8-10
6-7
3-5
1 -2
0
23