MCP 3909
MCP 3909
MCP 3909
Energy Metering IC with SPI Interface and Active Power Pulse Output
Features
Description
Package Type
24-Lead
SSOP
DVDD
HPF
AVDD
NC
CH0+
CH0CH1CH1+
MCLR
REFIN/OUT
AGND
F2/SCK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
FOUT0
FOUT1
HFOUT
DGND
NEG/SDO
NC
CLKOUT
CLKIN
G0
G1
F0/CS
F1/SDI
DS22025C-page 1
MCP3909
Functional Block Diagram
HPF
G0 G1
+
PGA
CH0-
16-bit
Multi-level
ADC
4 k
16
HPF1
16
Serial Control
And Output
Buffers
REFIN/OUT
2.4V
Reference
CH1+
CH1-
16
16-bit
Multi-level
ADC
SPI
Interface
HFOUT
FOUT0 FOUT1
20
DS22025C-page 2
MCLR
16
HPF1
Clock
Sub-system
OSC1 OSC2
LPF1
Active Power
DTF
conversion
Stepper Motor
Output Drive
for
Active Power
MCP3909
1.0
ELECTRICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
Notice: Stresses above those listed under "Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a
stress rating only and functional operation of the device at
those or any other conditions above those indicated in the
operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure
to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at AVDD = DVDD = 4.5V to 5.5V,
Internal VREF, HPF turned on (AC mode), AGND, DGND = 0V, MCLK = 3.58 MHz; TA = -40C to +85C.
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ.
Max
Units
Comment
0.1
NLT
0.0015
No-Load Threshold/
Minimum Load
AC PSRR
0.01
DC PSRR
0.01
SINAD
81
dB
Bandwidth
(Notch Frequency)
14
kHz
1/MCLK
Waveform Sampling
A/D Converter Signal-toNoise and Distortion Ratio
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
Measurement error = (Energy Measured By Device - True Energy)/True Energy * 100%. Accuracy is measured with signal (660 mV) on Channel 1. FOUT0, FOUT1 pulse outputs. Valid from 45 Hz to 75 Hz. See
typical performance curves for higher frequencies and increased dynamic range. This parameter is not
100% production tested.
Does not include internal VREF. Gain = 1, CH0 = 470 mVDC, CH1 = 660 mVDC, difference between
measured output frequency and expected transfer function.
Percent of HFOUT output frequency variation; Includes external VREF = 2.5V, CH1 = 100 mVRMS @ 50 Hz,
CH2 = 100 mVRMS @ 50 Hz, AVDD = 5V + 1 Vpp @ 100 Hz. DC PSRR: 5V 500 mV
Error applies down to 60 degree lead (PF = 0.5 capacitive) and 60 degree lag (PF = 0.5 inductive).
Refer to Section 4.0 Device Overview for complete description.
Specified by characterization, not production tested.
1 MCLK period at 3.58 MHz is equivalent to less than < 0.005 degrees at 50 or 60 Hz.
DS22025C-page 3
MCP3909
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED)
Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at AVDD = DVDD = 4.5V to 5.5V,
Internal VREF, HPF turned on (AC mode), AGND, DGND = 0V, MCLK = 3.58 MHz; TA = -40C to +85C.
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ.
Max
Units
VOS
mV
0.5
2.4
Comment
ADC/PGA Specifications
Offset Error
Gain Error Match
% FOUT (Note 5)
Tolerance
Tempco
15
ppm/C
Input Range
2.2
2.6
Input Impedance
3.2
Input Capacitance
10
pF
Reference Input
Analog Inputs
Maximum Signal Level
470/G
mV
660
mV
390
MHz
Input Impedance
CH0+,CH0-,CH1+,CH1- to AGND
G = PGA Gain on Channel 0
Proportional to 1/MCLK
Oscillator Input
Frequency Range
MCLK
Power Specifications
Operating Voltage
AVDD, DVDD
4.5
5.5
IDD,A
IDD,A
2.3
2.8
mA
IDD,D
IDD,D
0.8
1.2
mA
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
Measurement error = (Energy Measured By Device - True Energy)/True Energy * 100%. Accuracy is measured with signal (660 mV) on Channel 1. FOUT0, FOUT1 pulse outputs. Valid from 45 Hz to 75 Hz. See
typical performance curves for higher frequencies and increased dynamic range. This parameter is not
100% production tested.
Does not include internal VREF. Gain = 1, CH0 = 470 mVDC, CH1 = 660 mVDC, difference between
measured output frequency and expected transfer function.
Percent of HFOUT output frequency variation; Includes external VREF = 2.5V, CH1 = 100 mVRMS @ 50 Hz,
CH2 = 100 mVRMS @ 50 Hz, AVDD = 5V + 1 Vpp @ 100 Hz. DC PSRR: 5V 500 mV
Error applies down to 60 degree lead (PF = 0.5 capacitive) and 60 degree lag (PF = 0.5 inductive).
Refer to Section 4.0 Device Overview for complete description.
Specified by characterization, not production tested.
1 MCLK period at 3.58 MHz is equivalent to less than < 0.005 degrees at 50 or 60 Hz.
DS22025C-page 4
MCP3909
TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 4.5V to 5.5V, AGND, DGND = 0V.
Parameters
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
TA
-40
+85
TA
-40
+125
TA
-65
+150
JA
73
C/W
Conditions
Temperature Ranges
Note
The MCP3909 operates over this extended temperature range, but with reduced performance. In any case,
the Junction Temperature (TJ) must not exceed the Absolute Maximum specification of +150C.
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at AVDD = DVDD = 4.5V to 5.5V,
AGND, DGND = 0V, MCLK = 3.58 MHz; TA = -40C to +85C.
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Comment
tFW
275
ms
tHW
90
ms
Frequency Outputs
tFP
tHP
tFS2
0.5 tFP
tFS
4/MCLK
VOH
4.5
VOL
0.5
VOH
4.0
VOL
0.5
VIH
2.4
DVDD = 5.0V
VIL
0.85
DVDD = 5.0V
0.1
Pin Capacitance
10
pF
(Note 3)
Digital I/O
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
If output pulse period (tFP) falls below 984376*2 MCLK periods, then tFW = 1/2 tFP.
If output pulse period (tHP) falls below 322160*2 MCLK periods, then tHW = 1/2 tHP. When F2, F1, F0
equals 0,1,1, the HFOUT pulse time is fixed at 64 x MCLK periods or 18 s for MCLK = 3.58 MHz.
Specified by characterization, not production tested.
Serial timings specified and production tested with 180 pF load.
DS22025C-page 5
MCP3909
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED)
Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at AVDD = DVDD = 4.5V to 5.5V,
AGND, DGND = 0V, MCLK = 3.58 MHz; TA = -40C to +85C.
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
ns
Comment
tDR
Reset Time
tRST
100
fADC
MCLK/256
fCLK
20
MHz
4/MCLK
VDD = 5V
tWINDOW
32/
MCLK
tWINSET
1/MCLK
tHI
25
ns
fCLK= 20 MHz
tLO
25
ns
fCLK= 20 MHz
tSUCS
15
ns
tSU
10
ns
tHD
10
ns
tDIS
150
ns
tDO
30
ns
tR
ns
tF
ns
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
If output pulse period (tFP) falls below 984376*2 MCLK periods, then tFW = 1/2 tFP.
If output pulse period (tHP) falls below 322160*2 MCLK periods, then tHW = 1/2 tHP. When F2, F1, F0
equals 0,1,1, the HFOUT pulse time is fixed at 64 x MCLK periods or 18 s for MCLK = 3.58 MHz.
Specified by characterization, not production tested.
Serial timings specified and production tested with 180 pF load.
DS22025C-page 6
MCP3909
tFP
tFW
FOUT0
tFS
tFS2
FOUT1
tHW
HFOUT
tHP
NEG
FIGURE 1-1:
Output Timings for Active Power Pulse Outputs and Negative Power Pin.
CS
tSUCS
tCLK
tHI
tLO
CLK
tSU
tHD
SDI
tDO
SDO
FIGURE 1-2:
Hi-z
tR
tF
tDIS
DS22025C-page 7
MCP3909
VDD
V
V
DD
OL
R = -----------------------------------IOL
SPI Data
Output
Pin
FIGURE 1-3:
DS22025C-page 8
180 pF
VOH
R = -----------------I
OH
MCP3909
2.0
Note:
The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of
samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein
are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified
operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range.
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2 +25C
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0000
Note: Unless otherwise specified, DVDD, AVDD = 5V; AGND, DGND = 0V; VREF = Internal, HPF = 1 (AC mode),
MCLK = 3.58 MHz, CH1 input = 660 mVP-P at 50 Hz, CH0 amplitude sweeps at 50 Hz.
+85C
-40C
0.0001
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0000
+25C
- 40C
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0000
+85C
- 40C
0.0100
0.1000
+25C
1.0000
FIGURE 2-3:
Active Power Measurement
Error (Gain = 2, PF = 1).
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
+85C
+25C
-40C
0.0001
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
FIGURE 2-5:
Active Power Measurement
Error (Gain = 16, PF = 0.5).
FIGURE 2-2:
Active Power Measurement
Error (Gain = 16, PF = 1).
0.0010
0.0001
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0001
-40C
FIGURE 2-4:
Active Power Measurement
Error (Gain = 8, PF = 0.5).
+85C
0.0001
+25C
FIGURE 2-1:
Active Power Measurement
Error (Gain = 8, PF = 1).
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0000
+85C
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0001
+85C
+25C
-40C
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
1.0000
FIGURE 2-6:
Active Power Measurement
Error (Gain =2, PF = 0.5).
DS22025C-page 9
MCP3909
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0001
Note: Unless otherwise specified, DVDD, AVDD = 5V; AGND, DGND = 0V; VREF = Internal, HPF = 1 (AC mode),
MCLK = 3.58 MHz, CH1 input = 660 mVP-P at 50 Hz, CH0 amplitude sweeps at 50 Hz.
+85C
+25C
- 40C
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
1.0000
FIGURE 2-7:
Active Power Measurement
Error (Gain = 1, PF = 1).
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0001
+25C; PF = 1
+25C; PF = 0.5
+125C; PF = 0.5
+125C; PF = 1
0.001
0.01
0.1
CH1 Vp-p Amplitude (V)
FIGURE 2-10:
Measurement Error,
Temperature = +125C, Gain = 2.
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0001
+85C
+25C
-40C
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
1.0000
FIGURE 2-8:
Active Power Measurement
Error (Gain = 1, PF = 0.5).
+25C; PF = 1
+25C; PF = 0.5
+125C; PF = 0.5
+125C; PF = 1
0.001
0.01
0.1
CH1
V
A lit d Error,
(V)
Measurement
FIGURE 2-9:
Temperature = +125C, Gain = 1.
FIGURE 2-11:
Measurement Error,
Temperature = +125C, Gain = 8.
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0001
1
0.8
0.6
+25C; PF = 1
0.4
+25C; PF = 0.5
0.2
0
+125C; PF = 0.5
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
+125C; PF = 1
-0.8
-1
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
CH1 Vp-p Amplitude (V)
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0001
+25C; PF = 1
+25C; PF = 0.5
+125C; PF = 0.5
+125C; PF = 1
0.001
0.01
0.1
CH1 Vp-p Amplitude (V)
FIGURE 2-12:
Measurement Error,
Temperature = +125C, Gain = 16.
DS22025C-page 10
MCP3909
Note: Unless otherwise specified, DVDD, AVDD = 5V; AGND, DGND = 0V; VREF = Internal, HPF = 1 (AC mode),
MCLK = 3.58 MHz, CH1 input = 660 mVP-P at 50 Hz, CH0 amplitude sweeps at 50 Hz.
1200
3000
1000
O cOccurance
currence
2000
1500
1000
800
16384 Samples
Mean = -1.65 mV
Std. Dev = 16.99 V
600
400
200
500
FIGURE 2-13:
Channel 0 Offset Error
(DC Mode, HPF off, G = 1, PF = 1).
600
2000
500
O cOccurance
currence
O cOccurance
currence
-1.59
-1.60
-1.61
-1.62
FIGURE 2-15:
Channel 0 Offset Error
(DC Mode, HPF off, G = 8, PF = 1).
16384 Samples
Mean = -1.20 mV
Std. Dev. = 25.1 V
2500
-1.64
Bin (mV)
Bin (mV)
3000
-1.65
-1.50
-1.66
-1.59
-1.67
-1.68
-1.68
-1.77
-1.69
-1.72
-1.70
O cOccurance
currence
2500
16,384 Samples
Mean = -1.62 mV
Std. Dev = 54.6 V
1500
1000
500
16384 Samples
Mean = - 17.91 mV
Std. Dev = - 1.22 V
400
300
200
100
-1.11
-1.13
-1.16
-1.18
-1.20
-1.22
-1.25
-1.27
-1.30
Bin (mV)
FIGURE 2-14:
Channel 0 Offset Error
(DC Mode, HPF off, G = 2, PF = 1).
0
-1.30
-1.25
-1.23
-1.20
-1.17
Bin (mV)
FIGURE 2-16:
Channel 0 Offset Error
(DC Mode, HPF Off, G = 16, PF = 1).
DS22025C-page 11
MCP3909
Note: Unless otherwise specified, DVDD, AVDD = 5V; AGND, DGND = 0V; VREF = Internal, HPF = 1 (AC mode),
MCLK = 3.58 MHz, CH1 input = 660 mVP-P at 50 Hz, CH0 amplitude sweeps at 50 Hz.
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.25
VDD=5.0V
0.15
0.1
VDD=4.5V
0.05
VDD=5.25V
VDD=4.75V
-0.05
VDD=5.5V
-0.1
-0.15
0.0001
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
0.2
0.1
-0.2
FIGURE 2-17:
Active Power Measurement
Error over VDD , Internal VREF (G = 16, PF = 1).
0.15
VDD=4.5V
VDD=4.75V
0.05
VDD=5.0V
VDD=5.25V
-0.05
VDD=5.5V
-0.1
0.0001
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
1.0000
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0001
PF = 0.5
PF = 1
50
55
60
65
70
75
Frequency (Hz)
FIGURE 2-19:
Active Power Measurement
Error vs. Input Frequency (G = 16).
DS22025C-page 12
1.0000
+85C
+25C
-40C
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
1.0000
FIGURE 2-21:
Active Power Measurement
Error with External VREF (G = 1, PF = 0.5).
% Error
FIGURE 2-18:
Active Power Measurement
Error over VDD, External VREF (G = 1, PF = 1).
45
0.1000
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
-0.5
0.0100
FIGURE 2-20:
Active Power Measurement
Error with External VREF (G = 1, PF = 1).
0.2
0.0010
0.1
+25C
- 40C
-0.1
-0.3
0.0001
1.0000
+85C
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0 +25C
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
-0.5
0.0001
+85C
- 40C
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
1.0000
FIGURE 2-22:
Active Power Measurement
Error with External VREF (G = 2, PF = 1).
MCP3909
+85C
-40C
0.0100
0.1000
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2 - 40C
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0000
1.0000
+85C
-40C
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2 +25C
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0000
+85C
-40C
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
FIGURE 2-25:
Active Power Measurement
Error with External VREF (G = 8, PF = 0.5).
0.0100
0.1000
-40C
+85C
0.0001
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
FIGURE 2-27:
Active Power Measurement
Error with External VREF (G =16, PF = 0.5).
SINAD (dBFS)
FIGURE 2-24:
Active Power Measurement
Error with External VREF (G = 8, PF = 1).
0.0001
0.0010
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2 +25C
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0000
0.0001
FIGURE 2-26:
Active Power Measurement
Error with External VREF (G = 16, PF = 1).
FIGURE 2-23:
Active Power Measurement
Error with External VREF (G = 2, PF = 0.5).
0.0001
+25C
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
+25C
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0000
+85C
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.0001
100
90
80
SINAD (dBFS)
70
60
SINAD(dB)
50
40
30
20
10
SINAD (dB)
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
+25C
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0.0001
0.0010
Note: Unless otherwise specified, DVDD, AVDD = 5V; AGND, DGND = 0V; VREF = Internal, HPF = 1 (AC mode),
MCLK = 3.58 MHz, CH1 input = 660 mVP-P at 50 Hz, CH0 amplitude sweeps at 50 Hz.
0.0010
0.0100
0.1000
1.0000
FIGURE 2-28:
Signal-to-Noise and
Distortion Ratio vs. Input Signal Amplitude
(G = 1).
DS22025C-page 13
MCP3909
100
100
90
90
80
80
SINAD (dBFS)
70
70
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
SINAD (dB)
20
20
10
10
0
0
0.000010 0.000100 0.001000 0.010000 0.100000
SINAD (dBFS)
SINAD (dB)
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
FIGURE 2-30:
Signal-to-Noise and
Distortion Ratio vs. Input Signal Amplitude
(G = 8).
DS22025C-page 14
0
-20
Amplitude (dB)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
FIGURE 2-31:
Signal-to-Noise and
Distortion Ratio vs. Input Signal Amplitude
(G = 16).
SINAD (dB)
SINAD (dBFS)
FIGURE 2-29:
Signal-to-Noise and
Distortion Ratio vs. Input Signal Amplitude
(G = 2).
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.00001
SINAD (dB)
SINAD (dBFS)
100
100
90
90
SINAD (dBFS)
80
80
70
70
60
60
50
50
SINAD (dB)
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
0
0.000100 0.001000 0.010000 0.100000 1.000000
SINAD (dB)
SINAD (dBFS)
Note: Unless otherwise specified, DVDD, AVDD = 5V; AGND, DGND = 0V; VREF = Internal, HPF = 1 (AC mode),
MCLK = 3.58 MHz, CH1 input = 660 mVP-P at 50 Hz, CH0 amplitude sweeps at 50 Hz.
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
-140
-160
0
2000
4000
6000
Frequency (Hz)
FIGURE 2-32:
Frequency Spectrum,
50 Hz Input Signal.
MCP3909
3.0
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
TABLE 3-1:
MCP3909
Description
SSOP
3.1
DVDD
HPF
AVDD
NC
CH0+
CH0-
CH1-
CH1+
MCLR
10
REFIN/OUT
11
AGND
12
SCK / F2
13
SDI / F1
Serial Data Input or Frequency Control for FOUT0/1 Logic Input Pin
14
CS / F0
15
G1
16
G0
17
OSC1
18
OSC2
19
NC
20
SDO / NEG
21
DGND
22
HFOUT
23
FOUT1
24
FOUT0
No Connect
No Connect
Serial Data Out or Negative Power Logic Output Pin
3.2
DS22025C-page 15
MCP3909
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
Reference (REFIN/OUT)
REFIN/OUT is the output for the internal 2.4V reference. This reference has a typical temperature coefficient of 15 ppm/C and a tolerance of 2%. In addition,
an external reference can also be used by applying
voltage to this pin within the specified range. This pin
requires appropriate bypass capacitors to AGND, even
when using the internal reference only.
3.8
AGND is the ground connection to internal analog circuitry (ADCs, PGA, band gap reference, POR). To
ensure accuracy and noise cancellation, this pin must
be connected to the same ground as DGND, preferably
with a star connection. If an analog ground plane is
available, it is recommended that this device be tied to
this plane of the PCB. This plane should also reference
all other analog circuitry in the system.
3.9
This dual function pin can act as either the serial clock
input for SPI communication or the F2 selection for the
high-frequency output and low-frequency output pin
ranges, changing the value of the constants FC and
HFC used in the device transfer function. FC and HFC
are the frequency constants that define the period of
the output pulses for the device.
3.10
This dual function pin can act as either the serial data
input for SPI communication or the F1 selection for the
high-frequency output and low-frequency output pin
ranges, changing the value of the constants FC and
HFC used in the device transfer function. FC and HFC
are the frequency constants that define the period of
the output pulses for the device.
3.11
This dual function pin can act as either the chip select
for SPI communication or the F0 selection for the highfrequency output and low-frequency output pin ranges
by changing the value of the constants FC and HFC
used in the device transfer function. FC and HFC are
the frequency constants that define the period of the
output pulses for the device.
3.12
DS22025C-page 16
MCP3909
3.13
3.14
This dual function pin can act as either the serial data
output for SPI communication or NEG. NEG detects the
phase difference between the two channels and will go
to a logic 1 state when the phase difference is greater
than 90 (i.e., when the measured real power is negative). The output state is synchronous with the rising
edge of HFOUT and maintains the logic 1 until the real
power becomes positive again and HFOUT shows a
pulse.
3.15
3.16
3.17
DS22025C-page 17
MCP3909
4.0
DEVICE OVERVIEW
4.1
Active Power
MCP3909
CH0+
CH0-
PGA
??A
? DC
ANALOG
HPF
DIGITAL
..0101...
LPF
CH1+
CH1-
Frequency
Content
?
FIGURE 4-1:
DS22025C-page 18
DTF
HPF
??A
? DC
FOUT0
FOUT1
HFOUT
DC Offset
removed by
HPF
INSTANTANEOUS
POWER
?
?
INSTANTANEOUS
REAL POWER
MCP3909
Analog Inputs
TABLE 4-1:
GAIN SELECTIONS
G1
G0
CH0 Gain
Maximum
CH0 Voltage
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
2
8
16
470 mV
235 mV
60 mV
30 mV
4.3
4.2
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
0
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency (kHz)
FIGURE 4-2:
SINC Filter Magnitude
Response (MCLK = 3.58 MHz).
DS22025C-page 19
MCP3909
Ultra-Low Drift VREF
4.5
DS22025C-page 20
AVDD
5V
4.2V
4V
1s
0V
DEVICE
MODE
RESET
NO
PULSE
OUT
FIGURE 4-3:
4.6
Time
PROPER
OPERATION
RESET
4.4
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
-40
0.1
10
100
1000
Frequency (Hz)
FIGURE 4-4:
HPF Magnitude Response
(MCLK = 3.58 MHz).
MCP3909
The multiplier output gives the product of the two
high-pass filtered channels, corresponding to instantaneous real power. Multiplying two sine wave signals by
the same frequency gives a DC component and a 2
component. The instantaneous power signal contains
the real power of its DC component, while also containing 2 components coming from the line frequency
multiplication. These 2 components come for the line
frequency (and its harmonics) and must be removed in
order to extract the real-power information. This is
accomplished using the low-pass filter and DTF
converter.
4.7
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
-40
0.1
10
100
1000
Frequency (Hz)
FIGURE 4-5:
LPF1 Magnitude Response
(MCLK = 3.58 MHz).
DS22025C-page 21
MCP3909
4.8
The thresholds for the accumulated energy are different for FOUT0/1 and HFOUT (i.e., they have different
transfer functions). The FOUT0/1 allowed output frequencies are quite low in order to allow superior integration time (see Section 4.7 Active Power LowPass Filter and DTF Converter). The FOUT0/1 output
frequency can be calculated with the following
equation:
EQUATION 4-1:
Where:
FOUT FREQUENCY
OUTPUT EQUATION
8.06 V 0 V1 G F C
F OUT Hz = ---------------------------------------------------------2
VREF
V0
V1
FC
VREF
TABLE 4-2:
F1
F0
FC (Hz)
FC (Hz)
(MCLK = 3.58 MHz)
MCLK/221
1.71
0.74
0.37
20
MCLK/2
3.41
1.48
0.74
MCLK/219
6.83
2.96
1.48
18
13.66
5.93
2.96
MCLK/2
The high-frequency output HFOUT has lower integration times and, thus, higher frequencies. The output frequency value can be calculated with the following
equation:
DS22025C-page 22
MCP3909
EQUATION 4-2:
8.06 V 0 V 1 G HF C
HF OUT Hz = ----------------------------------------------------------------2
V REF
Where:
V0
V1
HFC
VREF
TABLE 4-3:
4.8.1
The MCP3909 also includes, on each output frequency, a no-load threshold circuit that will eliminate
any creep effects in the meter. The outputs will not
show any pulse if the output frequency falls below the
no-load threshold. This threshold only applies to the
pulse outputs and does not gate any serial data coming
from either the A/D output or the multiplier output. The
minimum output frequency on FOUT0/1 and HFOUT is
equal to 0.0015% of the maximum output frequency
(respectively FC and HFC) for each of the F2, F1 and F0
selections (see Table 4-2 and Table 4-3); except when
F2, F1, F0 = 011. In this last configuration, the no-load
threshold feature is disabled. The selection of FC will
determine the start-up current load. In order to respect
the IEC standards requirements, the meter will have to
be designed to allow start-up currents compatible with
the standards by choosing the FC value matching
these requirements. For additional applications information on no-load threshold, startup current and other
meter design points, refer to AN994, "IEC Compliant
Active Energy Meter Design Using The MCP3905/6,
(DS00994).
F2
F1
F0
HFC
HFC (Hz)
HFC (Hz)
(MCLK = 3.58 MHz)
64 x FC
MCLK/215
109.25
27.21
32 x FC
MCLK/215
109.25
27.21
16 x FC
MCLK/215
109.25
27.21
0
0
0
1
1
0
2048 x FC
MCLK/27
27968.75
6070.12
128 x FC
MCLK/216
219.51
47.42
64 x FC
MCLK/216
219.51
47.42
32 x FC
MCLK/216
219.51
47.42
16 x FC
MCLK/216
219.51
47.42
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
DS22025C-page 23
MCP3909
5.0
5.1
SERIAL INTERFACE
DESCRIPTION
DVDD
HPF
AVDD
NC
CH0+
CH0CH1CH1+
MCLR
REFIN/OUT
AGND
F2/SCK
FIGURE 5-1:
the MCP3909.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
FOUT0
FOUT1
HFOUT
DGND
NEG/SDO
NC
CLKOUT
CLKIN
G0
G1
F0/CS
F1/SDI
tLINE_CYC
IRQ
SDO DR
16 bits
x 6 ADCs
DR
tSAMPLE
FIGURE 5-2:
DS22025C-page 24
Data Access between Data Ready Pulses using SPI Interface for a 3-phase System.
MCP3909
MCLR
tWINDOW
tWINSET
1
F2 / SCK
F0 / CS
F1 / SDI
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2
FIGURE 5-3:
5.2
D1 D0
TABLE 5-1:
ENTRY CODES
Internal State of F2, F1, F0 Constants Frequency
Selection During Serial Mode (1)
Command
D7......D0
Serial Mode
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Multiplier Output
F1 pin
1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
Multiplier Output
F1 pin
1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
F1 pin
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
F1 pin
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
Filter Input
F0 pin
1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0
Filter Input
F0 pin
1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
Filter Input
F0 pin
1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
Filter Input
F0 pin
Note 1:
F2
F1
F0
The active power frequency outputs FOUT0, FOUT1, and HFOUT remain active after serial mode entry. Leaving the SDI (F1) and CS (F0) pins at a known state after serial communication will control the frequency
selection. The HPF pin controls the state of the HPF for the multiplier mode output and the output pulses
from the active power D to F block.
DS22025C-page 25
MCP3909
5.3
EQUATION 5-1:
+
Decimal
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
+524287
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
+524286
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
-1
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
-524287
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-524288
F0 / CS
1
X 20
17 18
19 20
F2 / SCK
X 20
NEG / SDO
Hi-z
DR
SIGN MSB
F1 / SDI
FIGURE 5-4:
DS22025C-page 26
D3
Hi-z
D2
D1
D0
Hi-z
LSB
MCP3909
5.4
EQUATION 5-2:
VIN+ V IN-
0.66
Channel 0 Code = ------------------------------------ 32768 8.06 ----------- PGA
V
0.47
REF
V
V
IN+
IN0.47
Channel 1 Code = ------------------------------------ 32768 8.06 -----------
V
0.66
REF
TABLE 5-3:
Binary
0
0
0
1
1
1
111
111
000
111
000
000
5.5
1111
1111
0000
1111
0000
0000
1111
1111
0000
1111
0000
0000
Decimal
1111
1110
0000
1111
0001
0000
+ 32,767
+ 32,766
0
-1
- 32,767
- 32,768
There are two options for the channel output data. The
first options collects the channel data pre-high pass
filter, or the output of the SINC filter of the delta sigma
modulator. The second option collects the channel data
post high pass filter. It is important to note that the
HPF pin controls the state of the high pass filter for this
second option. If the HPF pin is low, the post high pass
filter mode will output all zero's. This HPF pin must be
high to access the post HPF data in the channel output
mode.
DS22025C-page 27
MCP3909
F0 / CS
1
X 32
X 16
15 16
X 16
17 18 31 32
F2 / SCK
X 16
NEG / SDO
Hi-z
DR
D15 D14 D1
Hi-z
Hi-z
F1 / SDI
5.6
D0
Channel 0
Channel 1
FIGURE 5-5:
X 16
X 32
F0 / CS
X 20
1
17 18
19 20
D3
D1
F2 / SCK
X 20
F1 / SDI
NEG / SDO
FIGURE 5-6:
DS22025C-page 28
D19
Hi-z
D2
D0
Hi-z
DR
MCP3909
5.7
TABLE 5-4:
Standard SPI
Mode
Terminology
MCP3909
Compatibility
Description
CKP
CKE
0,0
0,1
1,0
1,1
DS22025C-page 29
MCP3909
F0 / CS
MCU latches data from
Device on falling edges of SCK
F2 / SCK
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
F1 / SDI
Dont Care
NEG / SDO
D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4
D12
D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4
F0 / CS
F2 / SCK
17
18
F1 / SDI
19
20
21
22
23
24
Dont Care
D3 D2 D1 D0
NEG / SDO
MCU Transmit Buffer
D3 D2 D1 D0
FIGURE 5-7:
SCK idles low).
DS22025C-page 30
N = Null Bits
Multiplier Output Mode 1 SPI Communication using 8-bit segments (Mode 0,1:
MCP3909
F0 / CS
MCU latches data from
Device on falling edges of SCK
1
F2 / SCK
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
F1 / SDI
Dont Care
CHANNEL 0
NEG / SDO
D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
F0 / CS
MCU latches data from
Device on falling edges of SCK
F2 / SCK
17
18
20
19
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
F1 / SDI
Dont Care
CHANNEL 1
NEG / SDO
MCU Transmit Buffer
MCU Receive Buffer
D7
D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
FIGURE 5-8:
Dual Channel Output Mode SPI Communication using 8-bit segments
(Mode 0,1: SCK idles low).
DS22025C-page 31
MCP3909
6.0
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
6.1
Output registers for the power quantities and calibration registers for phase, offset, gain, and LSB adjustment are available through a serial interface to the PIC
microcontroller. See Microchips web page for firmware
solution and demo board.
The example signal flow here shows 4 output power
quantities and 6 calibration registers. For a 60 Hz
design that is using 128 samples per line cycle for the
power calculation the MCP3909 would have a new
data ready pulse every 130 s. The SPI communication to gather 16-bits x 2 channels at 10 MHz is approximately 3.2 s, leaving ~125 s for the power
calculations before the next sample is ready.
Figure 6-1 represents power calculations from waveform data based on a PIC MCU and MCP3909 device.
The PIC MCU accomplishes the following energy
meter calculation outputs per phase, per line cycle:
-
RMS Current
RMS Voltage
Active Power
Apparent Power
MCP3909
PIC Microcontroller
RMS Current
ADC
CURRENT
X2
PHA_I_RMS_OFF:16
Apparent Power
PHA_VA_GAIN:16
Active Power
VOLTAGE
ADC
PHA_DELAY:8 PHA_W_GAIN:16
PHA_W_OFF:32
PHA_V_RMS_OFF:16
X2
RMS Voltage
FIGURE 6-1:
Power Calculations from Waveform Sampling Using a PIC MCU. Register names
shown are used on MCP3909 Energy Meter Reference Design.
DS22025C-page 32
MCP3909
6.2
A simpler lower cost option would be to choose a frequency that would give an integer number of line cycles
for exactly 50 Hz (or 60 Hz). This is possible using a
39.3216 MHz crystal for the PIC18F device.
Phase A || B || C
50 (or 60 Hz)
39.3216 MHz
(50 or 60 Hz)
3.579 MHz
PIC MCU
CCP2 / 32768
Option 1
Option 2
MCLK input
SDO
SDO
IRQ
To PIC MCU
IRQ
MCP3909
SDO
MCP3909
MCP3909
DR Pulse
tSAMPLE
tLINE_CYC
IRQ
SDO DR
16 bits
x 6 ADCs
DR
tSAMPLE
FIGURE 6-2:
Using the PIC device to control the MCP3909 MCLK to achieve 2N samples per line
cycle, 3-phase sampling shown with 6 ADCs.
DS22025C-page 33
MCP3909
N
PHA_W:16
ENERGY_W:64
ENERGY_VA_GLSB:16
PHA_I_RMS:16
PHA_V_RMS:16
kW
kWhr
kVAhr
A
V
CH1+
CH1-
MCP3909
AGND,DGND
SCK
SDI
SDO
CS
Power Supply
Circuitry
RC3/SCK
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI
RA0/ANO
...
RB7
RC1/CCP2
OSC1
40 MHZ
Resistor Divider
AVDD,DVDD CLKIN
PIC MCU
CH0+
CH0-
RB0
LCD
OSC2
RX/RC6
TX/RC7
GND
FIGURE 6-3:
6.3
RS-232
To PC or
Calibration
Equipment
Meter Calibration
6.4
For analog design tips and PCB layout recommendations, refer to AN994, "IEC Compliant Active Energy
Meter Design Using The MCP390X (DS00994). This
application note includes all required energy meter
design information, including the following:
DS22025C-page 34
MCP3909
7.0
PACKAGING INFORMATION
7.1
Examples:
XXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX
YYWWNNN
MCP3909
e3
I/SS^^
1140256
MCP3909
e3
E/SS^^
1140256
Legend: XX...X
Y
YY
WW
NNN
e3
*
Note:
Customer-specific information
Year code (last digit of calendar year)
Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)
Week code (week of January 1 is week 01)
Alphanumeric traceability code
Pb-free JEDEC designator for Matte Tin (Sn)
This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 )
can be found on the outer packaging for this package.
In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will
be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available
characters for customer-specific information.
DS22025C-page 35
MCP3909
/HDG3ODVWLF6KULQN6PDOO2XWOLQH66PP%RG\>6623@
1RWH
)RUWKHPRVWFXUUHQWSDFNDJHGUDZLQJVSOHDVHVHHWKH0LFURFKLS3DFNDJLQJ6SHFLILFDWLRQORFDWHGDW
KWWSZZZPLFURFKLSFRPSDFNDJLQJ
D
N
E
E1
1 2
NOTE 1
b
e
A2
A1
L1
8QLWV
'LPHQVLRQ/LPLWV
1XPEHURI3LQV
0,//,0(7(56
0,1
120
0$;
3LWFK
2YHUDOO+HLJKW
%6&
0ROGHG3DFNDJH7KLFNQHVV
$
6WDQGRII
$
2YHUDOO:LGWK
0ROGHG3DFNDJH:LGWK
(
2YHUDOO/HQJWK
'
)RRW/HQJWK
)RRWSULQW
/
5()
/HDG7KLFNQHVV
)RRW$QJOH
/HDG:LGWK
1RWHV
3LQYLVXDOLQGH[IHDWXUHPD\YDU\EXWPXVWEHORFDWHGZLWKLQWKHKDWFKHGDUHD
'LPHQVLRQV'DQG(GRQRWLQFOXGHPROGIODVKRUSURWUXVLRQV0ROGIODVKRUSURWUXVLRQVVKDOOQRWH[FHHGPPSHUVLGH
'LPHQVLRQLQJDQGWROHUDQFLQJSHU$60(<0
%6& %DVLF'LPHQVLRQ7KHRUHWLFDOO\H[DFWYDOXHVKRZQZLWKRXWWROHUDQFHV
5() 5HIHUHQFH'LPHQVLRQXVXDOO\ZLWKRXWWROHUDQFHIRULQIRUPDWLRQSXUSRVHVRQO\
0LFURFKLS 7HFKQRORJ\ 'UDZLQJ &%
DS22025C-page 36
MCP3909
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
DS22025C-page 37
MCP3909
NOTES:
DS22025C-page 38
MCP3909
APPENDIX A:
REVISION HISTORY
3.
4.
DS22025C-page 39
MCP3909
NOTES:
DS22025C-page 40
MCP3909
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office.
PART NO.
-X
/XX
Device
Temperature
Range
Package
Device:
a)
MCP3909-I/SS:
b)
Industrial Temperature,
24LD SSOP.
MCP3909T-I/SS: Tape and Reel,
Industrial Temperature,
24LD SSOP.
c)
MCP3909-E/SS:
d)
Extended Temperature,
24LD SSOP.
MCP3909T-E/SS: Tape and Reel,
= -40C to +85C
= -40C to +125C
Energy Metering IC
Energy Metering IC
Temperature Range: I
E
Package:
Examples:
Energy Metering IC
Energy Metering IC
Extended Temperature,
24LD SSOP.
DS22025C-page 41
MCP3909
NOTES:
DS22025C-page 42
Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:
Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.
Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the
intended manner and under normal conditions.
There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our
knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchips Data
Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.
Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.
Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not
mean that we are guaranteeing the product as unbreakable.
Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our
products. Attempts to break Microchips code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts
allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.
Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC,
KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART,
PIC32 logo, rfPIC and UNI/O are registered trademarks of
Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other
countries.
FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor,
MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control
Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip
Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, chipKIT,
chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net,
dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR,
FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP,
Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB,
MPLINK, mTouch, Omniscient Code Generation, PICC,
PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, REAL ICE,
rfLAB, Select Mode, Total Endurance, TSHARC,
UniWinDriver, WiperLock and ZENA are trademarks of
Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other
countries.
SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.
2006-2012, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in
the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.
Printed on recycled paper.
ISBN: 978-162076-064-2
== ISO/TS 16949 ==
2006-2012 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22025C-page 43
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Fax: 216-447-0643
Dallas
Addison, TX
Tel: 972-818-7423
Fax: 972-818-2924
Detroit
Farmington Hills, MI
Tel: 248-538-2250
Fax: 248-538-2260
Indianapolis
Noblesville, IN
Tel: 317-773-8323
Fax: 317-773-5453
Los Angeles
Mission Viejo, CA
Tel: 949-462-9523
Fax: 949-462-9608
Santa Clara
Santa Clara, CA
Tel: 408-961-6444
Fax: 408-961-6445
Toronto
Mississauga, Ontario,
Canada
Tel: 905-673-0699
Fax: 905-673-6509
Australia - Sydney
Tel: 61-2-9868-6733
Fax: 61-2-9868-6755
China - Beijing
Tel: 86-10-8569-7000
Fax: 86-10-8528-2104
China - Chengdu
Tel: 86-28-8665-5511
Fax: 86-28-8665-7889
China - Chongqing
Tel: 86-23-8980-9588
Fax: 86-23-8980-9500
Netherlands - Drunen
Tel: 31-416-690399
Fax: 31-416-690340
Korea - Daegu
Tel: 82-53-744-4301
Fax: 82-53-744-4302
Spain - Madrid
Tel: 34-91-708-08-90
Fax: 34-91-708-08-91
China - Hangzhou
Tel: 86-571-2819-3187
Fax: 86-571-2819-3189
Korea - Seoul
Tel: 82-2-554-7200
Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or
82-2-558-5934
China - Nanjing
Tel: 86-25-8473-2460
Fax: 86-25-8473-2470
Malaysia - Penang
Tel: 60-4-227-8870
Fax: 60-4-227-4068
China - Qingdao
Tel: 86-532-8502-7355
Fax: 86-532-8502-7205
Philippines - Manila
Tel: 63-2-634-9065
Fax: 63-2-634-9069
China - Shanghai
Tel: 86-21-5407-5533
Fax: 86-21-5407-5066
Singapore
Tel: 65-6334-8870
Fax: 65-6334-8850
China - Shenyang
Tel: 86-24-2334-2829
Fax: 86-24-2334-2393
China - Shenzhen
Tel: 86-755-8203-2660
Fax: 86-755-8203-1760
Taiwan - Kaohsiung
Tel: 886-7-536-4818
Fax: 886-7-330-9305
China - Wuhan
Tel: 86-27-5980-5300
Fax: 86-27-5980-5118
Taiwan - Taipei
Tel: 886-2-2500-6610
Fax: 886-2-2508-0102
China - Xian
Tel: 86-29-8833-7252
Fax: 86-29-8833-7256
Thailand - Bangkok
Tel: 66-2-694-1351
Fax: 66-2-694-1350
UK - Wokingham
Tel: 44-118-921-5869
Fax: 44-118-921-5820
China - Xiamen
Tel: 86-592-2388138
Fax: 86-592-2388130
China - Zhuhai
Tel: 86-756-3210040
Fax: 86-756-3210049
DS22025C-page 44
Italy - Milan
Tel: 39-0331-742611
Fax: 39-0331-466781
Japan - Yokohama
Tel: 81-45-471- 6166
Fax: 81-45-471-6122
11/29/11