Installation of WiMAX
Installation of WiMAX
Installation of WiMAX
Gaza Strip
#$ - *)( ',- . 01 #$
Tel/Fax: +970 (8) 282 4157 Mobile: +970 (59) 933 4413
P. O. Box: 5340
Gaza Strip-Palestinian Authority
Email:alaqsau@hotmail.com
http:// tinyurl.com/25kl5n
Installation of WiMAX:
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
Broadband Network
For
GUS/Palestine/Gaza Strip and West Bank
Financial Proposal
Case Study
Done by
Dr. Eng. Mohammad A. Mikki
Associate Professor
ECE Department
IUG, Gaza, Palestine
Tel. +970 8 2860700 Ext. 2876
Fax. +970 8 2860800
email: mmikki@iugaza.edu.ps
Homepage: http://www.iugaza.edu/homes/mmikki
&
Dr. Fouad M. EL-Harazin, President
Gaza International Foundation for Peace on Earth; and
National Research Center
Tel/Fax: +970 8 282 4157 Mobile: +970 59 933 4413
P. O. Box: 5340
Gaza Strip, Palestinian Authority
Email: alaqsau@hotmail.com
http://tinyurl.com/25kl5n
&
Eng. Mohammed Dawood
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering
Islamic University of Gaza
P.O. Box-108,
Gaza Strip, Palestinian Authority
Tel: +970-8-2823311
Fax: +970-8-2823310
Email: meemd@hotmail.com
August 6, 2007
Financial Proposal
Table of Contents
DESCRIPTION
Section
PAGE
1.
INTRODUCTION
2.
Technical Description
WiMAX Standards AND DEPLOYMENT OPTIONS
3.
4.
5.
6.
7
12
16
22
23
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1. Introduction
This document provides an overview of a draft proposal for the installation of WiMAX
Broadband Network for Global University System (GUS) Gaza/West Bank at different
educational institutions in various campuses in Gaza Strip.
This proposal explains the functional parts of a WiMAX system and its basic
operation. You will learn how WiMAX can use base stations to provide high speed
data connections that can be used for voice, data and video services to distances of
over 30 km.
This document includes a technical description of WiMAX technology, WiMAX
standards, a description of the WiMAX deployment options, and licensed and
license-exempt WiMAX technologies for fixed access.
The rest of the proposal is organized as follows: Section 2 presents technical
description of WiMAX, section 3 presents the WiMAX standards, section 4 presents
WIMAX DEPLOYMENT options including fixed access and portable access, section
5 presents licensed and license-exempt WIMAX technologies for fixed access, and
finally, section 5 presents design and budget.
2. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
WiMAX technology is a worldwide wireless networking standard that addresses
interoperability across IEEE 802.16* standard-based products. WiMAX technology
offers greater range and bandwidth than the wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) family of
standards and provides a wireless alternative to wired backhaul and last mile
deployments that use Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS)
cable modems, Digital Subscriber Line technologies (xDSL), T-carrier and E-carrier
(T-x/E-x) systems, and Optical Carrier Level (OC-x) technologies.
WiMAX technology can reach a theoretical 30-mile coverage radius and achieve data
rates up to 75 Mbps, although at extremely long range, throughput is closer to the 1.5
Mbps performance of typical broadband services (equivalent to a T-1 line), so service
providers are likely to provision rates based on a tiered pricing approach, similar to
that used for wired broadband services.
The original WiMAX system was designed to operate at 10-66 GHz and it had to
change to offer broadband wireless access (BWA) in the 2-11 GHz frequency range.
To do this, the WiMAX standard includes variants (profiles) that use different
combinations of radio channel types (single carrier vs- multicarrier), modulation
types, channel coding types to provide fixed, nomadic or portable services.
WiMAX can provide multiple types of services to the same user with different QoS
levels. For example, it is possible to install a single WiMAX transceiver in an office
building and provide real time telephone services and best effort Internet browsing
services on the same WiMAX connection. To do this, WiMAX was designed to mix
contention based (competitive access) and contention free (polled access) to provide
services which have different quality of service (QoS) levels.
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WiMAX protocols are designed to allow for point to point (PTP), point to multipoint
(PMP) and mesh networks. Operators can use the mesh configuration to allow it to
link base stations without the need to install or lease interconnecting communication
lines. Some of the services WiMAX operators can provide include leased line,
residential broadband, commercial broadband and digital television (IPTV) services.
WiMAX can use radio channel bandwidths that can vary from 1.25 MHz to 28 MHz
and data transmission rates can exceed 155 Mbps. The types of data connections on
WiMAX radio channels include basic (physical connection), primary (device control),
secondary (configuration) and, transport (user data).
WIMAX systems extend the range of WIMAX systems through the use of directional
antennas.
3. WIMAX STANDARDS AND DEPLOYMENT OPTIONS
It is often thought that WiMAX is one homogenous technology when in fact it is a
trade name for a group of IEEE wireless standards. In that respect, WiMAX and Wi-Fi
are analogous. Wi-Fi is not a standard, but a trade name that can be applied to a
series of 802.11 IEEE standards, including 802.11b, 802.11a, and 802.11g.
WiMAX is a worldwide certification addressing interoperability across IEEE 802.16
Working Group standards-based products. The IEEE 802.16 standard with specific
revisions addresses two usage models:
Fixed (IEEE 802.16-2004)
Portable (802.16 REV E).
3.1 Fixed (IEEE 802.16-2004)
IEEE 802.16-2004 is a fixed wireless access technology, meaning that it is designed
to serve as a wireless DSL replacement technology, to compete with the incumbent
DSL or broadband cable providers or to provide basic voice and broadband access in
underserved areas where no other access technology exists; examples include
developing countries and rural areas in developed countries where running copper
wire or cable does not make economic sense. 802.16-2004 is also a viable solution
for wireless backhaul for WiFi access points or potentially for cellular networks, in
particular if licensed spectrum is used. Finally, in certain configurations, WiMAX fixed
can be used to provide much higher data rates and therefore be used as a T-1
replacement option for high-value corporate subscribers.
Typically, the CPE (consumer premise equipment) consists of an outdoor unit
(antenna, etc.) and an indoor modem, meaning that a technician is required to get a
commercial or residential subscriber connected to the network. In certain instances, a
self-installable indoor unit can be used, in particular when the subscriber is in
relatively close proximity to the transmitting base station. As it does, the fixed
wireless technology would introduce a degree of nomadic capability since the
subscriber could travel with the CPE and use it in other fixed locations - office, hotel
and coffee shop, etc. Additionally, self-installable CPEs should make 802.16-2004
more economically viable as a large part of the customer acquisition cost
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In the US, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has created the
Broadband Radio Service (BRS), previously called the multi-channel multipoint
distribution system (MMDS), for wireless broadband access. The restructuring that
followed has allowed for the opening of the 2.495 GHz to 2.690 GHz bands for
licensed solutions such as 2.5GHz in WiMAX.
In Europe, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) has allotted
the 3.5 GHz band, originally used for wireless local loop (WPLL), for licensed WiMAX
solutions.
4.2 LICENSE-EXEMPT BAND: 5 GHZ
The majority of countries around the world have embraced the 5 GHz spectrum for
license-exempt communications. The 5.15 GHz and 5.85 GHz bands have been
designated as license exempt in much of the world.
Approximately 300 MHz of spectrum is available in many markets globally, and an
additional 255 MHz of license-exempt 5 GHz spectrum is available in highly
populated markets like the United States. Some governments and service providers
are concerned that interference resulting from the availability of too many licenseexempt bands could affect critical public and government communication networks,
such as radar systems.
These countries and entities have become active in establishing limited control
requirements for 5 GHz spectrums. For example, the United Kingdom is currently
introducing restrictions on certain 5 GHz channels and considering enforcement of
the use of the DFS (Dynamic Frequency Select) function. In Mexico, regulations
requiring the use of spectrum to benefit the people have influenced the government
to take a protectionist and revenue generating approach toward licensing. The
Mexican government is moving toward licensing at least one of the 5 GHz bands,
with 5.8 GHz currently a primary candidate.
4.3 CHALLENGES OF DEPLOYING A LICENSE-EXEMPT WIMAX SOLUTION
Licensed and license-exempt WiMAX solutions face common challenges related to
government regulations, infrastructure placement, and interference. However,
license-exempt solutions have more to prove in environments where licensed
solutions are seen as more stable and reliable.
The benefits of a license-exempt WiMAX solution, including cost-effectiveness and
easier entrance for new providers, can lead to additional hurdles. Easier entrance
and lower costs allow more operators to deploy solutions. More deployments mean
increased RF usage, a higher possibility of interference, and more competition for
prime real estate for deployment. RF interference and the physical placement of the
infrastructure are the primary challenges associated with deploying a license-exempt
solution.
Two major challenges to overcome in deploying a WiMAX solution are:
1. RF interference An interfering RF source disrupts a transmission and
decreases performance by making it difficult for a receiving station to interpret
a signal. Forms of RF interference frequently encountered are multipath
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Table 2: Full featured base station versus Standard base station comparison
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The land property of Gaza Strip is divided into three levels as shown in Table 3.
Table 3: Levels of land property of Gaza Strip
region
The South
The Middle
The North
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+50 M
North
+30 M
Middle
+70 M
South
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Region
Gaza
North Gaza
Khan Younos
Rafah
Middle of Gaza
Number of Students
25472
19957
2622
6887
54934
Table 6 shows the list of universities and colleges in Gaza strip based on their
categories.
Table 6: list of universities and colleges in Gaza strip based on their categories
Traditional
Universities
1
Al-Azhar
University
The Islamic
University
Al-Aqsa
University
Open
Universities
Al-Quds Open
University
University
Colleges
Palestine
Technical Deir AlBalah
Science and
Technology
College
Palestine Nursing
Al-Dawa College
Community
Colleges
Intermediate
Studies - AlAzhar
Applied Science
& Tech AlIslamiyah
Gaza
Community
Gaza Comm.
For Tourist
Studies
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Used Frequency
806-880 MHz.
13, 18, 21 GHz and upper 6
GHz
4.2, 2.4 GHz ISM
3.2 GHz
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G1
G2
G3
G4
G5
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Item
WiMAX Base Station with 6
sectors, 60 degrees sectorial
antennas and cables, total
capacity - 72Mbps Net FD per
BS
- Complete Subscriber Unit,
Indoor Network Interface
Unit and Power supply
+ Outdoor radio unit, Integrated
antenna, Indoor to Outdoor
Cat5 20 Meter cable included. ,
Full Data Bridge, 6Mbps data
rate
Full Point to Point link, 54Mbps
Gross, including IDU + ODU +
Antennas + cables
Steel Tower for Clients
Cisco 1700 router
Cisco 3600 router
Quantity
Price US$
T Price US$
123,500
617,500
140
2080
291,200
12350
49,400
140
140
5
156
1040
2765
21,840
145,600
13,825
US $
1,139,365
Total
NOTE:
The above cost includes only the basic local design for Gaza Strip, but in case we
want to extend the network to connect to West Bank and other countries, the cost
may vary depending on frequency licensing governmental rules in the area.
6.4 Personnel Cost
Assistance in the detailed Network design includes:
1. Specify equipment
2. Consideration of space requirements for facilities to house the electronic
equipment and the required environment to meet the equipment's specifications
3. Assist in the development of selected user locations, interface equipment, and
networking platform for the delivery of high-speed data transmission services.
4. Recommendations on the operating platform gear and network monitoring
system
5. Recommend network and systems integration
6. Provide equipment estimates
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The project period is 3 years. This period is to install the WiMAX in Gaza Strip.
The project team consists of qualified and experienced personnel. The project team
utilizes a matrix organization system in which a designated Project Manager is assigned
the responsibility for the administrative activities of the project team. The technical
manager is assigned the technical activities of the project team. Table 9 shows the
personnel needed to implement the project and their cost.
Table 9: personnel needed to implement the project and their cost
Personnel title
Number of
Personnel
1
Monthly
Salary
3000
Mont
hs
36
Total cost
US$
108,000
Technical
Manager
2000
36
72,000
Technical
Engineer
1000
36
144,000
Technician
10
500
36
180,000
Secretary
700
36
25,200
1500
36
108,000
Project
Coordinator
Technical
Consultant
Grand Total of Personnel cost
Responsibilities
Project Principal and
Manager
Project technical
management
Logical network
design of the
project, supervision
of implementation
Physical network
work and installation
of equipment
Secretarial work
Providing technical
consultation
services to project
coordinator and
technical manager
US$ 637,200
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Travel Cost
Table 10 shows the travel cost.
Table 10: Travel cost
Travel
International Travel
Local Transportation
Total Travel
Unit
Per journey
Per month
Unit
rate
2000
500
Number of units
1 per month (36 months)
1 per month (36 months)
Total cost
36,000
18,000
US$ 54,000
Total
provision
Unit rate
100,000
100,000
100,000
35,000
105,000
105,000
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Telecommunication Costs
Telecommunication Costs
Subtotal Other
Per annum
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Equipment (Table 8)
Personnel Salaries
Administrative cost
Management cost
Consultation cost
Implementation cost
travel
Local Office/Project Costs
Telecommunication Costs
1,139,365
637,200
54,000
100,000
105,000
US $ 2,035,565
7. Project Sustainability
At its completion date (the end of the 3 year financing period), the GUS (Gaza/West
Bank) project aims to be operating independently and self-sufficiently, offering
broadband network services (video conferencing, audio conferencing, Telephony,
video on demand, etc.) to the Gaza Strip area. GUS (Gaza/West Bank) aims to offer
a large number of high-quality eLearning and eHealthcare services across Gaza Strip
through the participating institutions and schools. All partners are highly reputable
universities and schools that already have the expertise and know-how in delivering
classroom courses. The international partners will help to provide the training
required to transform online teaching and learning methodologies. The services
offered through the project will be charged based on its quality and duration. An NGO
will be established at the end of the project to supervise and manage the project and
convert it into a business model.
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REFERENCES
[1] Understanding Wi-Fi and WiMAX as Metro-Access Solutions, Intel, White Paper
[2] Considerations for deploying mobile WiMAX at various frequencies, White Paper
[3] Standards versus Proprietary Solutions - The Case for WiMAX Industry
Standards, April 25, 2005, Alvarion Ltd., Tel Aviv, Israel, www.alvarion.com
[4] Introducing WiMAX: The next broadband wireless revolution, Alvarion Ltd. Tel
Aviv, Israel, www.alvarion.com
[4] Deploying License-Exempt WiMAX Solutions, Intel, White Paper
[5] WiMAX Technology: LOS and NLOS Environments, SR Telecom Inc., Montreal,
Canada, 2004, WHITE PAPER 033-100596-001,ISSUE 1, www.srtelecom.com
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