More About Urea Formaldehyde

u AIM:- To synthesize Urea formaldehyde resin and
to study about its uses, properties and health effects.
This is to certify that Shivam Choudhary , student of

XII Sudhamani of Amrita Vidyalayam ,has
satisfactorily completed the project entitled Urea
Formaldehyde resin (plastic) prescribed by CBSE
under the AISSCE course in the laboratory of
Vikram Sarabhai community science center in the
year 2015~2016 .

Principal ;

Brahmacharini Umaji

Amrita Vidyalayam

School stamp :

Teacher in charge

Ms. Shaji

External Examiner:

Acknowledgement

u I would like to express my special gratitude to Amma , Mata
Amrita Anandmayi Devi. I would like to express my special
thanks toour principal , Brahmacharini Umaji as well at my
teacher Ms. Shaji who gave me the golden opportunity to do
this wonderful project entitled Urea formaldehyde resin
(plastic) .
u I would also like to thank the members of Vikram Sarabhai
my community science center, Ahmedabad , for providing
help and guidance in order to set up the experiment with
equipment and facilities available at this precious center.
u I am really thankful to my parents and my friend who
helped me a lot in finishing this project within the specific
time.
Index:
1. Declaration
2. Bibliography
3. Laboratory process of urea
Page no.
5
6
7
formaldehyde synthesis.
3. Properties of urea formaldehyde resin .
11
4. Uses of urea formaldehyde
12
5. Health effects
14
Bibliography
uSources
Google images.com and Google.com
https:/ /en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urea-formaldehyde
http: / /www.proteachemicals.co.za/pe bble.asp?
relid=1462
http:/ /blog.oureducation.in/properties-and-uses-ofurea-formaldehyde-resin/
Vikram sarabhai provided procedur .
Procedure :
u Measure 10 grams of Urea and add in a beaker using a spatula.
u Measure 25 milliliters of formaldehyde using a measuring
cylinder and add to beaker
u Stir the mixture till urea gets dissolved completely.
u Keep the beaker containing solution on a wire
gauge and then on a tripod stand.
u Start a Bunsen burner under the tripod stand and heat the
solution while stirring continuously.
u After some time the urea and formaldehyde will react
chemically react together.
u Now remove the beaker from the tripod stand and allow
it to cool for sometime. And transfer in a glass petri dish.
u Add food color to solution to give color to

the plastic and stir the solution.
u In order to harden the plastic , add a few
drops of weak solution of citric acid to
the solution.
u A thick colure opaque paste is obtained.
u This paste can be moulded in any shape
by pouring it in suitable moulds.
u Keep the mould in some warm place for few
hours.
u Remove plastic from
the mould carefully
with the of sharp
object.
uYou have formed plastic .
Coloured solution of UF
UF paste into the mould
Plastic formed
u A pictorial representation of changes in plastic
v Precautions :
u keep your eyes away from the fumes coming from plastic .
u Safely handle formaldehyde cause it causes cancer.
v Observation:
A hard opaque plastic is formed .
Properties of Urea formaldehyde:

u It is clear solution and opaque solid after condensation .

u It has a very high tensile strength and the property offlexural
modulus.
u It has boiling point of about 100C and Has the property of heat
distortion temperature.
u It has densityof~ 1.2g/cm has the capacity of low water absorption.
u It has the property of mould shrinkage.
u It Has a property of high surface hardness.
u It can be elongatedat break.
u It has tendency to hydrolyses, or decompose, in extremely humid
conditions and It is volume resistance in nature.
Uses of Urea formaldehyde resign:

u Urea formaldehyde is the very common chemical and is
mostly used because of its chemical properties. Examples
are textiles, paper, foundry sand molds, wrinkle resistant
fabrics, cotton blends, rayon, corduroy, etc. also used to
glue wood together. Urea formaldehyde is mostly used
when producing electrical appliances ex switches etc
u It is widely chosen as an adhesive because of its property of
high reactivity, wonderful performance and low price. It is
a chemical combination of urea and formaldehyde and is
not poisonous in nature.
u It is also use to insulate the wall which is
knows as urea formaldehyde foam insulation
(UFFI).
UF Adhesive
u The Examples of amino resins include tires from

automobile industry in order to improve the bonding of
rubber to tire cord, paper for improving tear strength,
molding electrical devices, molding jar caps, etc.
u They are mainly used in the manufacture of pressed
wood products .it is also used to make particle
boards ,floor panels, decorating materials, plastic
utensils .
u Urea formaldehyde is also used in agricultural field as a
source of nitrogen fertilizer and Its rate of decomposition
is into CO2 and NH3 and is determined by the action of
microbes found naturally in soils. (image of urea
formaldehyde treated crystals as fertilizer).
Health eects :
u Health effects occur when urea-formaldehyde based
materials and products release formaldehyde into the air.
Formaldehyde causes cancer. Generally there are no
observable health effects from formaldehyde when air
concentrations are below 1.0 ppm. The onset of respiratory
irritation and other health effects, and even increased cancer
risk begins when air concentrations exceed 3.0-5.0 ppm. This
triggers watery eyes, nose irritations, wheezing and
coughing, fatigue, skin rash, severe allergic reactions,
burning sensations in the eyes and throat, nausea, and
difficulty in breathing in some humans (usually > 1.0
ppm).Occupants of UFFI(urea formaldehyde foam
insulation) insulated homes with elevated formaldehyde
levels experienced systemic symptoms such as headache,
malaise, insomnia, anorexia.
u Irritation of themucus membrane(specifically the eyes,

nose, and throat) was a common upper respiratory tract
symptom related to formaldehyde exposure. However
when compared to control groups, the frequency of
symptoms did not exceed the controls except when it
came to wheezing, difficult breathing, and a burning skin
sensation. Controlled studies have suggested that
tolerance to formaldehyde's odor and irritating effects
can occur over a prolonged exposure.

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u AIM:- To synthesize Urea formaldehyde resin and

to study about its uses, properties and health effects.

This is to certify that Shivam Choudhary , student of

4. Uses of urea formaldehyde

u Add food color to solution to give color to

uYou have formed plastic .

UF paste into the mould

u A pictorial representation of changes in plastic

Properties of Urea formaldehyde:

u It is clear solution and opaque solid after condensation .

Uses of Urea formaldehyde resign:

u The Examples of amino resins include tires from

u Irritation of themucus membrane(specifically the eyes,

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