Ruud Optimal Securing
Ruud Optimal Securing
Ruud Optimal Securing
Edition 21
To avoid
sliding...
...best load securing
a compulsory legal
necessity acc.
EN 12195-1;2;3;4.
This also addresses those casual transporters who normally use their lorries for the
transport of excavated earth or grit and are
just sometimes driving with their low loaders or transport part loads on the lorry
platform.
Just amongst those persons, an increased
thoughtlessness and ignorance concerning
the physical- and legal correlations can be
found as compared with experts.
Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing (FH) Alexander Hoffmann
Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Reinhard Smetz
Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Michael Betzler
Basically it is binding that with a full braking, the 0.8fold of the load weight presses in direction of the drivers cabin; with
a cornering and when starting, half of the
load weight presses in direction of the
platform gates. This means in figures,
based upon an example: With a load
weight of m = 10000 kg, 8000 kg
8000 daN are pushing in direction of the
drivers cabin. When starting or cornering,
5000 kg 5000 daN are pushing against
the platform gates.
vertical lashing
direct lashing
inclined lashing
diagonal lashing
Vertical lashing
Vertical lashing is the lashing method
mostly used with goods transport on roads,
since most of the loads are so broad that a
securing can only be realised by a vertical
lashing. For a vertical lashing, the following
prerequisites have to be adhered to in all
cases:
A high friction between load and loading platform as well as between stacked load units have to be assured.
The sliding coefficient of friction
has to be known.
T he vertical angle a should reach 90 if
possible. It has to be known.
T he load must withstand an increased
pre-tensioning.
The lashing points must be suitable for
the loading.
T he value of the required pre-tensioning
force put in with the tensioning element
and being the most important factor,
must be known.
This highlights the disadvantages and the
limits of the vertical lashing: with this kind
of lashing, the lashing means, the lashing
points and the load itself are permanently
submitted to a high pulling force. In general, the vertical lashing can only be realised
if there exists a sufficient friction coefficient
between loading platform and load, as
already mentioned. For example, steel to
steel is very unfavourable; thus chocks or
FIMs (friction increasing material) are used
for increasing the friction. The loading platform and the load itself have to be free
from oil, dirt and ice.
Fv =
G 3(cx,y )
3sin a
Thereby meaning:
G = weight force in daN m
= mass in kg
cx,y: Acceleration factor
cx: Acceleration factor
in driving direction = 0.8
contrary to driving direction = 0.5
cy: Acceleration factor transverse
to driving direction = 0.5
: sliding coefficient of friction
a: vertical angle (angle between
loading platform
and chain strand)
Calculation example 1:
Load: concrete part
m = 4000 kg 4000 daN = G
For the example, a lashing chain type ICEVSK-8 with a STF of 2800 daN has been
chosen out of the table on page 22.
n=
Vertical angle a = 60
7698 daN
2800 daN 31.5
= 1.8
chosen 2
G + Fv sin a
a
The basic idea of a vertical lashing is to increase the natural load by applying pre-tension forces and thus to increase the friction
force avoiding a movement of the load.
G 3 (cx,y )
FV =
(daN)
3 sin a
sin 60 = 0.866
Fv = 7698 daN
Total pre-tension force
n=
Fv
STF 3 1.5
Meaning:
STF = Standard tension force (the pre-tension force obtainable by a tensioning element).
a
LC =
Lashing capacity
(permissible pulling
force in daN)
(1kg 1 daN)
STF =
Standard tension force
Normally remaining tensioning force in daN of a tensioning element, with a
manual pulling force (SHF)
of 500 N. Equals the pretension force required for
the calculation of a tiedown lashing.
Diagonal lashing
In general the diagonal lashing has to be
given preference to a vertical lashing as no
special static pre-tension forces have to be
applied. The lashing means/lashing points
have only be provided with a slight pre-tension, contrary to the vertical lashing.
The lashing means are only loaded in case of
increased forces occur as a result of braking,
starting of intensive cornering.
Calculation example 2:
Excavator
m = 18000 kg 18000 daN = G
Vertical angle of the lashing strands:
a = 10
Horizontal angle of the lashing strands:
b = 40
Number of the effective lashing chains in
the relevant direction:
n=2
Friction coefficient m with a dirty/icy
wooden loading platform:
m=0
The friction coefficient m of the excavator
on the dirty wooden loading platform will
be neglected and not considered with the
first calculation.
The formula for the required lashing means
with the permissible pulling force = LC
= Lashing capacity being as follows:
LC =
Horizontal angle b
Vertical angle a
In an extreme case with angle b = 90
this would mean that theoretically, an
infinite force would occur in the lashing
means. This example shall clearly reveal
that an extreme cross-wise lashing as
securing in driving direction - as often
shown at big machines like earth moving
machineries - is the most unfavourable
way of load securing in driving direction.
Concerning the angle a, the optimal
lashing effect is between 0 and 30.
With increasing a, the load of the lashing
means increases at the same time, with an
angle of 90 theoretically infinitely.
G (daN)3Cx
(daN)
cosa3cosb3 n
cos 10 = 0.984
cos 40 = 0.766
cx: Acceleration factor
in driving direction = 0.8
contrary to driving direction = 0.5
LC =
LC = 9550 daN
For the excavator with a weight of
18000 kg 18000 daN and the lashing
arrangement shown, a lashing mean has
to be chosen possessing at least the permissible pulling force of 9550 daN.
According to the table on page 22, this
would be the type ICE-VSK-10, nominal
size 10.
Calculation example 4:
LC =
18000 daN30.8
LC =
0.25830.17332
LC = 161,312 daN!!!
This calculation shows in an especially
clear way how important the angles are
for the calculations and that with unfavourable angles, a load securing would become illusory.
If with a diagonal lashing, the friction
coefficient becomes m < 0.5, a re-calculation in terms of curve driving has to be
realised. The formula being as follows:
G (daN) 3Cy
(daN)
cos a3sin b3n
(sina3m+cosa3cosb) 3n
LC =
G (daN)3(cy m)
(sina3m+cosa3sinb)3n
18000 daN3(0.80.5)
(0,17330.5+0.98430.766)32
LC =
G = 18000 daN
m = 0.5
cos a = cos 10 = 0.984
cos b = cos 40 = 0.766
sin a = sin 10 = 0.173
LC =
LC =
G (daN) 3(cx m)
cos 75 = 0.258
cos 80 = 0.173
(daN)
Calculation example 3:
100
The RUD Lashing Card
90
80
50
45 40
10
20 10 0
30
70
20
60
50
45
60
RUDLashing chain
VIP-VSK 6
VIP- VSK 8
VIP-VSK 10
ICE-VSK 8/10/13
VIP-VSK 13/16
10
0 10
10
an
90
80
20
Kettenstrang
MASTE
90
80
Auenkante
,
flche parallel
(FahrerLadeBeifahrerseite)
bzw.
0
Kante
60
Zur
Winkelermittlung
Winkelmesser
zur
10
g ,
diese
I-ZURR
70
4550
20 30 40
30
Winkelermittlun
20
70
anlegen!
30
anlegen!
40
60
45
50
ZURR
80
longin the
mine the
To deterl angle , lea SHINGtudina ge on the LA against
ed
parallelme of truck.
CARD
fra
18.08.2008
20
10
To de
Collection of tables
for selecting of the correct VIPor ICE chain for vertical- or
diagonal lashing.
Zur
MULT
Schritt
rung
2700/02,
1. Ladungsgewicht
2. Auswahl fr Schritt
auf
3. Winkel
prEN Straenfahrze
zur
4. Winkel
des
richtigen
einstellen.
12195-1
Reibbeiwertes
messen
Sind
VIP(-Kette)!
die messen und
ist
5. Nenngre
eine Kettenstrnge
ugen
Winkelbereich
aus
(Winkel
Nachrechnung
4 VIP-Zurrketten
2 Zurrketten ablesen.
muss der Tabelle.
auerhalb
Die
whlen.
RechenschieberwertEs erforderlich!zwischen
standfester
notwendig.
entgegen
sind
dem
(Siehe
von
20-45
zulssigen
auch Ladung.
der
der 2 Zurrketten
errechneten
liegen
Bedienungsanleitun
Fahrtrichtung
e gelten
Wink
)
Paarung
in
nur
Holz/Holz
f
Reibbei
Metall/Hol
Metall/
B
50
45
40
30
20
VIP-VSK 6
VIP-VSK 8
ICE-VSK 8
VIP-VSK 10
ICE-VSK 10
VIP-VSK 13
ICE-VSK 13
VIP-VSK 16
50
45
40
40
Ladungssiche
nach
VDI
10
edge
an this
e , le
LC
anglRUDl Lashin
ica
rt
g chain
e the ve
[daN]
termin
30
40
60
45
Vorder_Rcks 2007
90
80
70
30
Zur
Winkelermittlung
zur Winkelmesser
flche Auenkante
Beifahrerseite)
20
anlegen!
(Fahrerparallel
,
bzw.Lade-
50
3000
5000
6000
8000
10000
13400
16000
20000
STF
[daN]
1500
2500
2800
2800
3600
30
60
nd.
ain stra
t the ch
agains
Diagonal lashing
Frictional lashing
=0,4
=0,5
=0,6
0,9 x
0,6 x
0,5 x
0,5 x
0,4 x
0,6 x
0,4 x
0,3 x
0,3 x
0,3 x
0,3 x
0,2 x
0,2 x
0,2 x
0,2 x
LASHING MEANS
Lashing-Card
Load securingg on
on roa
roadd
vehicless acc
accord
ording
ing
to EN
EN 12195-1:2
1 003
Slide-coefficient of fricti
on according to VDI
2700-2
Materials
dry
wet
greasy
Wood/wood
0,20-0,50
0,20-0,25
0,05-0,15
Metal/wood
0,20-0,50
0,20-0,25
0,02-0,10
Metal/metal
0,10-0,25
0,10-0,20
0,01-0,10
More information
under:
7997579
60
80
70
60
Der Neue...
70
80
80
90
90
70
90
2008
18.08.
90
2007
Seite
_Rcks
Vorder
Uhr
10:18
www.rud.com
RUD-ID-NET
RUD-ID-System
RUD-ID-EASY-CHECK
(USB/Bluetooth)
RUD-ID-POINT
(HF 13,56 MHz)
The enormous toughness with low temperatures of more than - 60C finally inspired
for the name of this chain generation: ICE120. The Colour was chosen in ICE-Pink
(purple), thus guaranteeing a clear differentiation between the red of grade 8 and
pink (magenta) of grade VIP-100, however,
still maintaining the Pink Family of the
RUD identification colour.
2.200
4.000 6.000
10
6.300 10.000
13
10.000
16
16.000
16.000
fm
out
wid
th o
Attention!
!
n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
rtant inf
...impo
Forbidden!
ICE Advantages!
Connecting device
- Without safety latch
ICE-STAR-HOOK:
+ Wear marks
+ Control mark for widening
the mouth width
+ Robust, forged safety latch
Chain:
- Lower Grade than
Grade 8
- No manufacturers mark
- Long link chain
ICE chain:
+ Grade 12
+ 35 % tougher
+ 30 % harder
+ Up to 60 % more LC
+ Up to 45 % lighter
Shortening device:
- No locking device
- Breaking force reduction
of the chain
Identification tag:
- Not according to
EN 12195-3
- Missing
Tensioner:
- STF > 50 % LC
- No manufacturer mark
- No turn-out securing
- Kickback > 150 mm
Shortening
devices:
+ Easy, quick handling
+ Locking device by shape
ICE identification tag:
+ integrated testing gauge
ICE-CURT:
+ Convenient anti-loosening
device
+ Theft protection possible
+ RUD-ID-POINT
+ Movable on the chain
+ Easy, quick handling/
maintenance
11
Lashing points
What will, however, be the use of the optimal calculation, the optimal lashing mean,
if there suitable lifting- and lashing points
at the load or on the vehicle have not
been provided. Due to this fact, RUD has
developed a complete range of hightensile lifting- and lashing points.
As the photos show, well known vehicle
manufacturers already have successfully
used these helpful devices. These are forged, moveable eyes made of high-quality
alloy steel.
These elements have also been tested and
approved by the BG for vehicles and the
TV Rheinland (German authority for technical supervision).
In particular to mention is the new generation of lashing points with a clear LC
indication in daN (see page 18-20).
These extremely practical elements can
additionally be fit at the vehicle by approved welders. Besides to the lashing points
ready to weld with LC indication there is
a comprehensive assortment of variants
ready to bolt which can be used for load
securing. All geometry data are available
free of charge on CD-ROM for the own
CAD design.
Earth moving machineries such as excavators, loaders, dozers and special machines
for earth moving have to be equipped with
lashing points for assuring a safe transport. Also for a safe lifting, clearly marked
lifting points have to be provided. They
have been prescribed in EN 474-1 (earth
moving machineries - safety) since 1994
for all new machines.
12
Load securing with heavy transports we look forward to receiving your different kind of tasks!
One of the biggest problems with securing
of heavy loads is how to avoid a static
over-determination. This means if more
than two lashing means are used for each
direction, only two of the lashing means
used accept the complete or the biggest
part of the force. More than two strands
will bear in theory if all of these strands
fulfil the following conditions:
Four bearing strands by VIP lashing chains with special balancer rolls
13
...
is way
h
t
t
o
n
ay!
this w
t
u
b
.
.
.
X-lashing
14
V-lashing
trapeze-lashing
100
Prerequisite:
There must be proven lashing points at the
vehicle suitable for accepting loads.
RUD container lashing chains allow a quick and
easy direct lashing of the containers in and
contrary to driving direction.
All components correspond with standard
EN 12195-3.
VCGH
with 6 VA-1
ICE-SH
The pictures above exemplify the configuration of the RUD Container Lashing Chains. Other chain configurations analogue page 22/23 are also available.
Please state the required chain configuration when ordering.
15
Typical direct lashing loads without lashing points are stone blocks or concrete
parts. By using a endless chain, a so-called
spring lashing can be effected (adjacent
photo).
16
ICE-MVK
Chain
Type
Lashing cap. LC
[mm]
[daN]
6
ICE-VSK-KK-6
3600
8
ICE-VSK-KK-8
6000
10
ICE-VSK-KK-10
10000
13
ICE-VSK-KK-13
16000
16
ICE-VSK-KK-16
25000
Chain length
[m]
1.0
1.2
1.2
1.5
1.5
Weight
[kg/pc.]
1.2
2.5
4.2
8.8
13.4
Ref. no.
7901307
7901308
7901309
7901310
7901311
Load
Load
17
LPW
Arrangement
of weld
[daN]
[mm]
[mm]
[mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] HV + a
LPW-U 30000
3000
33
66
38
25
40
13.5
33
87
14
65
HV 5 + 3 0.35 7992225
LPW-U 50000
5000
36
77
45
27
48
13.5
40
97
16
75
HV 7 + 3 0.5 7994831
LPW-U 80000
8000
42
87
51
31
52
16.5
46
112
18
83
HV 8 + 3 0.8 7992226
LPW-U 13400
13400
61
115
67
44
73
22.5
60
157
24
117 HV 12 + 4 1.9 7992227
LPW-U 20000
20000
75
129
67
55
71
26.5
60
173
26.5 126 HV 16 + 4 2.9 7992228
LPW 320000
32000
95
190
100
69
105
26
90
243
40
174 HV 25 + 6 6.8 7992229
A
F
circular welding seam
Type
LRBS-FIX 3000
LRBS-FIX 5000
LRBS-FIX 8000
LRBS-FIX 13400
LRBS-FIX 20000
LRBS-32000*
LC
A
B
C
D
E
F
T
Weight
[daN]
[mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [kg/pc.]
3000 in preparation soon available
5000 in preparation soon available
8000
60
14
39
48
132
69
74
0.9
13400
88
20
50
60
167
91
97
2.2
20000
100
22
60
65
191
100
108
3.7
32000
130
30
72
90
267
134
140
8.0
Ref. no.
7999 303
7999 304
7999 305
7999 306
LRBS
-FIX
IX
LRBK-F
New!
W
elded on the corner, it
reduces the number of lashing
points
L oadable from any direction
L ow profile and 270 pivoting
W
elding blocks and ring body fix connected
by special radial clamp spring
Easy adjustment of the ring body
Ring body stays in position
Easy painting
No loose parts
No rattling
Process reliability at welding:
dimension E is assured
Type
LC A
B
C D
E
F
T Weld Weight Ref.-No.
[daN] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [kg/pc.]
LRBK-FIX 8000
LRBK-FIX 13400
LRBK-FIX 20000
8000
13400
20000
32
40
52
14
20
22
28
35
46
48
60
65
141
181
212
29
33
46
65
84
94
HY 4+3
HY 5+3
HY 8+3
1
2.1
4.4
7903056
7903057
7903058
New!
L-ABA
Type
LC A
B
C D
E
F
T Weld Weight Ref.-No.
[daN] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [kg/pc.]
3200
6400
10000
20000
30
41
51
70
16
23
27
38
100
137
172
228
35
50
60
80
16
21
27.5
35
57
80
99
130
41.5
59
71.5
95
4
6
7
8
0.44
1.1
2.3
5.3
7902667
7902668
7901722
7901723
19
SLP
Type
New!
LC
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Weight
Ref.-No. with
[daN] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [kg]
spring
SLP 10000
10000 63 185 60 100 110 25 115 14 3.75 7900082
20
SMILEY
Type
A
bsolute innovative design
Forged in one piece
Noiseless no rattling in the eyes
Surface: galvanized
Body and bolts 100 % crack detected
Simple assembly with three bolts M12,
quality 10.9
Working Load Limit WLL marked in t
Lashing Capacity LC marked in daN
4fold safety factor for lifting and lashing
Suitable for all common lashing means
also for double connection
BI
WLL
LC
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
3 x
[t] [daN] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] bolt
Weight
Ref. no.
[kg/pc.] without bolts
Ref. no.
with bolts
7997727
SMILEY
Type
-
LC
A
B
C
D
E
-
- [daN] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] -
-
-
3 x
bolt
Weight
Ref. no.
[kg/pc.] without bolts
SMILEY - 6000
M12 x 30
160 160 50 75 72 - -
1.6/1.8 7994086
Fk. 10.9
Ref. no..
with bolts
7997726
RORO
ICE-SH
ICE-CURT-GAKO
ICE-VSK-KZA
Tensioner moveable
within the chain strand
Chain
Type
Lashing cap.
Lmin
Weight
Tensioner
LC
Type
Pre-tension Adjustm. [mm] [kg/pc.]
[mm]
[daN]
STF [daN]
[mm]
in preparation soon available
6
ICE-VSK-6-CURT-IVH
3600
ICE-CURT-6-GAKO
8 ICE-VSK-8-CURT-IVH 6000 ICE-CURT-8-GAKO
2800
170 1040 8.0 + 5.2
10 ICE-VSK-10-CURT-IVH 10000 ICE-CURT-10-GAKO
2800
170 1210 13.0 + 7.1
13 ICE-VSK-13-CURT-IVH 16000 ICE-CURT-13-GAKO
2800
300 1600 21.9 + 13.6
in preparation soon available
16
ICE-VSK-16-CURT-IVH
25000
ICE-CURT-16-GAKO
ICE-SH
ICE-VSK-KZA
Ref. no.
7901 129
7901 130
7902 626
ICE-CURT-SL
captively
assembled
Tensioner moveable
within the chain strand
6
8
10
ICE-VSK-6-CURT-SL
ICE-VSK-8-CURT-SL
ICE-VSK-10-CURT-SL
3600
6000
10000
ICE-CURT-6-SL
ICE-CURT-8-SL
ICE-CURT-10-SL
ICE-SH
ICE-VSK-KZA
2800
2800
ICE-CURT-SL-GAKO
7900 026
7900 027
ICE-VH
captively
assembled
Tensioner moveable
within the chain strand
22
6
8
10
ICE-VSK-6-CURT-SL-IVH
ICE-VSK-8-CURT-SL-IVH
ICE-VSK-10-CURT-SL-IVH
3600
6000
10000
ICE-CURT-6-SL-GAKO
ICE-CURT-8-SL-GAKO
ICE-CURT-10-SL-GAKO
2800
2800
7901 131
7901 132
100
VIP-VSK lashing chains grade VIP-100
Chain 6 mm
VCGH
VIP-VSK-KZA
VKSPS-R
VMVK
VMVK
moveable within the
chain strand
lever foldable
Standard length 3500
Chain
Type
Lashing cap.
Lmin
Tensioner
LC
Type
Pre-tension Adjustm. [mm]
[mm] [daN] STF [daN]
[mm]
6
VIP-VSK-6-VKSPS-VMK*
3000
VSKPS-6
1500
120
610
6
VIP-VSK-6-VKSPS-R-VMK*
3000
VSKPS-R-6
1500
120
610
Chain 16 mm
Weight
[kg/pc.]
Ref. no.
4.3
4.5
7900 029
7900 030
30.8 + 16.4
30.8 + 16.9
7900 031
7900 032
VIP-VSK-KZA
VCGH
VVH
VKSPS-R
lever foldable
Tensioner moveable
within the chain strand
16 VIP-VSK-16-VKSPS-VVH*
16 VIP-VSK-16-VKSPS-R-VVH*
20000
20000
VSKPS-16
VSKPS-R-16
3600
3600
300
300
1740
1740
Convenient tools
90
80
70
60
80
50
45
40
Zur
Der Neue...
30
20
Winkelermittlung
zur
0
Kante
80
,
Auenkante
parallel
flche
10
20
an Kettenstrang
90
60
Zur
Winkelermittlung
Winkelmesser
10
, diese
90
80
70
50
0 10
4045
20 30
MULTI-ZURRM
Ladungssicherung
nach
VDI
10
70
20
,
Lade(FahrerBeifahrerseite)
bzw.
70
anlegen!
30
anlegen!
60
40
45
ASTER
2700/02,
Schritt
auf
1. Ladungsgewicht
fr
Schritt
2. Auswahl
prEN Straenfahrzeugen
zur
3. Winkel
richtigen 12195-1
einstellen.
4. Winkel des Reibbeiwertes
VIP(-Kette)!
messen
Sind
die messen und
ist eine
aus
Winkelbereich
Kettenstrnge
5. Nenngre
(Winkel
der
Nachrechnung
Tabelle.
muss
4 VIP-Zurrketten
whlen.
auerhalb
2 Zurrketten ablesen.
erforderlich!zwischen
Die
Es sind
dem
notwendig.
Rechenschieberwerte
20-45
zulssigen
standfester
entgegen
von
liegen
der
(Siehe
errechneten Wink )
der 2 Zurrketten
auch Ladung.
Fahrtrichtung
Bedienungsanleitun
gelten
in
nur
f
Reibbei
Paarung
Holz/Holz
Metall/Hol
Metall/
B
50
ZURR
20
45
40
30
e chain
st th
RUDLashingCard
60
10
70
50
d.
stran
...measuring device
+ dimensioning of lashing chains!
Order now with order number 7997579
gle
cal an
,
again
rti
the ve
45
- un
ag
hl
sc
-6.
1.2
An
...CD-ROM!
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etten Li
d Zurrk
ftin
punk
te
mine
edge
An
sc
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g
30
ter
To de
this
lean
ys
te
40
10
20
20
30
82
45
10
50
45
40
79
50
60
ICE-Identification tag
as proof gauge
(patent)
30 20 10 0
githe lon
the
ermine, lean
le
To det
l ang
HINGtudina the LAS inst
on
aga
edge parallel
D
CAR of truck.
e
fram
70
ICE-Identification tag
as proof gauge
(patent)
5045
40
60
60
50
45
40
30
90
80
70
Zur
Winkelermittlung
Winkelmesser
90
Vor
90
80
zur
flche Auenkante
Beifahrerseite)
parallel
(Fahreranlegen!
bzw.Lade-
gs
Uhr
90
80
70
60
nt
s
10:18
18.08.
90
80
2007
2008
cks
der_R
Seite
100
Which lashing chain for which load?
Diagonal lashing
Lashing chain
Max. load weight [t] (horizontal angle b: 20-45; 2 lashing chains per direction)
LC
[daN] Vertical angle a: 0-30
Vertical angle a: 30-60
=0.1 =0.2 =0.3 =0.4 =0.5 =0.6 =0.1 =0.2 =0.3 =0.4 =0.5 =0.6
ICE-VSK 6
3600
6.2
8.4
10.4
13.0
17.4
26.2 4.5 6.3 9.0 12.8 19.2 32.0
VIP-VSK 6 3000 5.2 7.0 8.7 10.9 14.5 21.9 3.8 5.3 7.5 10.7 16.0 26.7
ICE-VSK 8
6000
10.5 14.0 17.4 21.8 29.1 43.9 7.6 10.7 15.0 21.4 32.0 53.4
ICE-VSK 10
10000
17.5 23.4 29.0 36.4 48.6 73.1 12.8 17.9 25.0 35.6 53.4 89.0
ICE-VSK 13
16000
28.0 37.5 46.4 58.2 77.8 117.0 20.5 28.6 40.0 57.1 85.5 142.4
VIP-VSK 16 20000 35.0 46.9 58.1 72.8 97.3 146.3 25.6 35.8 50.0 71.3 106.9 178.0
Horizontal angle b
Vertical angle a
Frictional lashing
STF
= required number of VIP + ICE lashing chains
RUD
[daN] (number of lashing chains = factor from Table x load weight [t])
Lashing chain
Vertical angle a: 60-90
Vertical angle a: 30-60
=0.1 =0.2 =0.3 =0.4 =0.5 =0.6 =0.1 =0.2 =0.3 =0.4 =0.5 =0.6
VIP-VSK 6
VIP- VSK 8
VIP-VSK 10
ICE-VSK 8/10/13
VIP-VSK 13/16
1500
2500
2800
2800
3600
3.6 x
2.2 x
2.0 x
2.0 x
1.5 x
1.6 x
1.0 x
0.9 x
0.9 x
0.7 x
0.9 x
0.6 x
0.5 x
0.5 x
0.4 x
0.6 x
0.4 x
0.3 x
0.3 x
0.3 x
0.4 x
0.2 x
0.2 x
0.2 x
0.2 x
0.2 x
0.2 x
0.1 x
0.1 x
0.1 x
6.3 x
3.8 x
3.4 x
3.4 x
2.6 x
2.7 x
1.6 x
1.5 x
1.5 x
1.2 x
1.5 x
0.9 x
0.8 x
0.8 x
0.7 x
0.9 x
0.6 x
0.5 x
0.5 x
0.4 x
0.6 x
0.4 x
0.3 x
0.3 x
0.3 x
0.3 x
0.2 x
0.2 x
0.2 x
0.2
Wood/wood
Metal/wood
Metal/metal
24
For notes
25
Comparison of rules for lashing chains example round steel link chain 8 mm
Heading
EN 12195-3
Grade ICE-120
1
Chain quality Grade 2 to 8
EN-818-2
e.g. LC of 500 daN
grade 8 800 N/mm2
up to 4000 daN
e.g. LC = 4000 daN.
1.1
Chain
Different
t = 3 x D
Dimensions
pitch
(for transport of long
lengths
wood t = 6 x D allowed)
t = 3 x D = 8 x 24
1.2
Chain
Not defined
+ manufacturers identification
identification
+ 8 for grade 8
2
Minimum
breaking force
No standard.
By insufficient shortening
means, reductions of up
to 40 % could have been
possible e.g. BF = 48 KN
instead of 80 KN
with Grade 8!
In shortened condition
minimum breaking
strength must be
achieved. 100 %!
e.g. BF = 80 KN
2.1
Shortening
Chain killer.
Reduction of the breaking
force up to 40 %
3
Proof load
No deformation at
LC x 1.25 Load period 1 min.
No deformation at
LC x 1.25 1 min.
4
Tensioning
element
Turnbuckles; tensioners
with long levers;
elbow lever- or excenter
tensioners with
kickback > 150 mm
No-name-products
ICE-T-Ratchet tensioner
no kickback.
4.1
Securing of No rule in case of vibrations,
No unintentional loosening of
pre-tension
loosening could occur
pre-tension
(safety chain or similar)
26
Ratchet tensioner
with novel, convenient
anti-loosening-device
(see page 10)
No.
Comparison of rules for lashing chains example round steel link chain 8 mm
No.
Heading
EN 12195-3
Grade ICE-120
4.4
No rule.
An unintentional loosening
of spindles
insufficiently screwed was
often occurred.
Turn-out securing
compulsory.
Tensioning
No rule.
elements
Easy drop out
with hook-
often occurred
shaped
shortening
Refer to item 2.1.
devices
oder Verriegelung.
Securing by shape or
locking device.
ICE shortener
with securing by shape.
Unintentional Insufficient!
turn out at
connection
elements
(hooks)
Safety latch
compulsory.
6
Identification Non, respectively
Indications extended:
Patented identification tag
of the
acc. to VDI 2701.
fulfils standard prescriptions
complete
Lashing force (LC) [daN]
and allows an easy
front
back
lashing
Tension force (STF) [daN]
examination of the chain.
chain
Name of manufacturer
chain
manutype
facturer
Indication of standard
Distinctive identification by a
date of
LC
production
Hint: not for lifting
RUD-ID-Point
embedded into
Hint: not for lifting, just lashing!
the tensioner.
27
RUD-CD-ROM or www.rud.com
The user can easily choose the
correct RUD sling chain and lifting
points by only a mouse click!
i
po
punk
te
79
etten Li
d Zurrk
ftin
gs
g
hin
Las
nt
s
ys
te
!
NewAD
C
3D-iles
F
82
An
sc
hla
g
-6.
1.2
ag
hl
sc
- un
45
An
08.08.2012
11:16 Uhr
Seite 2
Umschlag_Ed_20_e.qxd:Umschlag_Ed_20_e
26.07.2012
11:01 Uhr
Seite 2
Special Grade 10
LIFTING MEANS
Edition 20
Edition 20