2006 Released AP US History Multiple Choice Questions

1. The "Three-Fifths Compromise" originally contained in the Constitution referred to the

A) proportion of states permitted to practice slavery
B) rate at which one slave counted toward congressional representation
C) number of African Americans who could vote
D) number of adult women who could vote
E) number of American Indians allowed citizenship
2. Which of the following best explains why Massachusetts Bay officials banished Anne Hutchinson?
A) She challenged gender roles and Puritan orthodoxy.
B) She was found guilty of practicing witchcraft.
C) She preached the doctrine of predestination.
D) She gave birth to a child out of wedlock.
E) She opened an unlicensed tavern.
3. "Competition is a law of nature...and can no more be done away with than gravitation...[I]f one possible
alternative, survival of the unfittest,. The former is the law of civilization, the latter is the law of anti-civilization."
The quote above ia an example of which of the following schools of thought?
A) Dialectical materialism
B) Utopian socialism
C) Social Darwinism
D) Transcendentalism
E) Existentialism
4. Parliament enacted the Stamp Act (1765) primarily to
A) regulate trade between the colonies and European nations
B) strengthen the communication network within the colonies
C) raise revenue to pay for British troops in the colonies
D) regulate commercial activity within colonies
E) control population movement to the colonial backcountry
5. Kent State University was the site in 1970 of which of the following events?
A) A rock concert second only to the Woodstock concert in the number of attendees
B) A highly publicized sit-in advocating women's rights
C) The first event in observance of Earth Day, which sought to increase public awareness of environmental
degradation
D) An antiwar demonstration in which four students were killed by members of the National Guard
E) A demonstration by African American, Hispanic, and White students in support of affirmative action that
helped draw public attention to the issue
6. Perfectionism in the mid-nineteenth century is best defined as
A) improvement in the manners of the lower classes
B) faith in human capacity to achieve a better life on earth through conscious acts of will
C) the rewards of church membership and regular attendance at Sunday services
D) allegiance to the political tenets of Jacksonian Democracy
E) belief in the inevitability of economic progress
7. The Congress of Industrial Organizations was most interested in unionizing which of the following?
A) Migrant farmworkers
B) White-collar factory managers
C) Unskilled and semiskilled factory workers
D) Sailors on American merchant ships
E) Women clerical workers

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8. The union membership card pictured above is designed to accomplish which of the following?
A) Encourage United States workers to unite against foreign competition
B) Assure the public that strikes and walkouts wre not part of union policy
C) Link union membership with patriotic and religious images
D) Point out the dangers of working as a longshoreman
E) Show that membership in the longshoremen's union was open only to workers born in the United States
9. The Open Door policy in China called for which of the following?
A) A consortium of nations to govern China
B) International acknowledgement of China's right to exclude the trade of any nation
C) Recognition of Chinese territorial gains in Manchuria
D) Reduction of foreign tariffs on Chinese goods
E) Equal commercial access by all nations to the existing spheres of influence in China
10. Shay's Rebellion frightened many Americans when
A) city mobs raided flour supplies in Philadelphia
B) debt-ridden farmers attacked courts in western Massachusetts
C) Indians raided frontier settlements in Virginia
D) squatters terrorized proprietors in New York
E) vigilantes in South Carolina patrolled the frontier
11. Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in the New World, was founded by
A) three aristocratic proprietors seeking private gain
B) a joint stock company anxious to return a profit to investors
C) Sir Walter Raleigh, wishing to gain favor with Elizabeth I
D) King James I, eager to gain a base for expeditions against Spanish shipping
E) John Smith, seeking to spread Christianity
12. The 1950s picture below shows what some social critics believed to be

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

the cause of decreased agricultural production

tangible evidence of the strength of the nation's largest cities
a representation of the conformity of postwar culture
the end of social and economic differentiation in housing
a sign that Americans were becoming more tolerant of cultural differences

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13. Around 1920, the number of children aged 10 to 15 in the industrial workforce began to decline for which of the
following reasons?
A) The Supreme Court sustained laws baring the interstate sale of goods produced by child labor.
B) Introduction of the minimum wage made child labor uneconomical.
C) The American birth rate declined, thus reducing the number of children available to work.
D) Factory owners advocated state child labor laws.
E) States began to require children to attend school until a certain age and to limit the ages at which they could
be employed.
14. Which of the following generalizations can be supported by the information provided in the map below?

A) Frontier life tended to promote the acceptance of greater political equality for women
B) Fewer women lived in the southeastern states than in other parts of the country; therefore, suffrage was less
of an issue
C) None of the states of the Confederacy granted votes to women before 1920
D) The Seneca Falls Movement resulted in gains in the are of political and legal rights for women
E) States that made free public education a priority led the way in extending the vote to women
15. The purpose of the Lend-Lease Act was to
A) create military bases outside the borders of the United States
B) lend money to impoverished farmers
C) provide military supplies to the Allies
D) provide subsidies to railroads and businesses
E) exchange scientific information among nations

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16. The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, the Hartford Convention, and the South Carolina Exposition and Protest
were similar in that all involved a defense of
A) freedom of the seas
B) freedom of speech
C) the institution of slavery
D) states' rights
E) presidential power in foreign affairs
17. The United States involvement in Vietnam increased dramatically in the 1950s with the withdrawal of the
A) Japanese
B) British
C) Chinese
D) French
E) Soviets
18. In an influential 1947 article, diplomat George F. Kennan advocated that the United States should
A) invade the Soviet Union to establish democracy
B) adopt a more conciliatory policy toward the Soviet Union
C) conduct covert activities in underdeveloped countries to undermine communist movements
D) grant most-favored-nation status to China
E) focus its foreign policy on containing the spread of Soviet communism
19. One reason early twentieth century muckrakers were able to have a significant impact on society was because
A) sales and circulation of newspapers and magazines increased
B) most citizens of the United States were already convinced that Jim Crow laws must be overturned
C) they had the sympathy and support of industrialists like Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller
D) drought conditions in the Midwest drew attention to social problems
E) radio programs devoted to the problems in cities attracted wide listening audiences
20. Which of the following best describes the position on slavery of most northerners during the sectional crises of
the 1850s?
A) They were willing to accept slavery where it existed but opposed further expansions to the territories.
B) They were active supporters of complete abolition.
C) They favored continued importation of slaves from Africa.
D) They advocated expansion of the slave system to provide cheap labor for northern factories.
E) They advocated complete social and political equality for all races in the United States.
21. All of the following contributed to the decline of open-range cattle ranching at the end of the nineteenth century
EXCEPT
A) excessively cold winters
B) federal recognition of American Indian land claims
C) a drop in cattle prices at stockyards
D) overgrazing
E) production of crops for distant markets
22. "In the new Code of Laws which I suppose it will be necessary for you to make I desire you would Remember the
Ladies." The appeal quoted above was made by
A) Judith Sargent Murray
B) Abigail Adams
C) Philip Freneau
D) Mercy Otis Warren
E) Thomas Paine

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23. Jacob Riis is best known for his work in the 1890s as a
A) labor organizer and Socialist Party activist
B) leader of the People's Party
C) reformed who encouraged new immigrants to homestead
D) playwright whose dramas celebrated the assimilation of immigrants into American society
E) journalist and photographer who publicized the wretched conditions in which many immigrants lived
24. The Black Power movement of he late 1960s advocated that African Americans
A) organize political parties sympathetic to communism
B) establish African American communities in Africa
C) seek the racial integration of northeastern cities
D) establish control of their political and economic life
E) assimilate into White Society
25. The major objective of the antipoverty programs of Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society was to
A) break the cycle of poverty among poor people through education and job training
B) provide temporary benefits to the "new poor" during times of recession
C) transfer the federal government's responsibility for welfare back to the states
D) simplify welfare by replacing job programs with cash grants for the poor
E) build a socialist society in the United States
26. Between 1870 and 1900, farmers did all of the following in an attempt to better their condition EXCEPT
A) seek state regulation of railways
B) limit production of crops
C) organize cooperative marketing societies
D) form a third political party
E) advocate inflation of the currency
27. The purpose of the Liberty Loan Campaign illustrated in the drawing above was to
A) encourage young men to enlist in the army
B) finance American involvement in the Fist World War
C) support the establishment of Boy Scout troops throughout the nation
D) aid in the implementation of New Deal programs
E) support funding for Franklin Roosevelt's Lend-Lease Program
28. The National Organization for Women (NOW) was founded in 1966 in order to
A) encourage women to believe in the "feminine mystique"
B) challenge sex discrimination in the workplace
C) oppose the proposed Equal Rights Amendment
D) advocate restrictions on access to abortion
E) advocate equal access for women to athletic facilities
29. Under the Articles of Confederation the United States central government had no power to
A) levy taxes
B) make treaties
C) declare war
D) request troops from states
E) amend the Articles
30. Which of the following is a true statement about the Treaty of Paris that ended the American Revolutionary War?
A) It resulted in the return of all property confiscated from Loyalists by individual American states during the
war.
B) It recognized United States sovereignty over territory east of the Mississippi,between the Great Lakes and
Florida.
C) It led to the speedy withdrawal of all British troops from American soil.
D) American negotiators consistently followed the guidelines specified by the Continental Congress.
E) The only parties to the treaty were Great Britain and the allied nations, the United States and France.

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31. The cartoon below portrays President Wilson trying to

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

conceal from the public the true reason for United States entry into the First World War
arouse public support for United States entry into the First World War
assess the public's support for his bid for third presidential term
warn the public that Germany had not been treated fairly at Versailles
arouse public support for the Treaty of Versailles

32. Which of the following was true of women in the five years following the Second World War?
A) Those working outside the home demanded equality in pay and promotion opportunities.
B) Large numbers left their industrial jobs to make room for returning soldiers.
C) They contributed to a sudden decline in the birth rate by employing new family planning techniques.
D) Large numbers were elected to high office because of their contributions to the war effort.
E) Young women participated in a revolution in manners and morals that challenged the values of their parents.
33. Theodore Roosevelt was the first president to
A) use troops without congressional approval
B) balance the federal budget
C) advocate an antilynching bill
D) pursue an imperialistic foreign policy
E) arbitrate a labor dispute
34. The LEAST prosperous group in the 1920s consisted of
A) workers in older industries like steel and railroads
B) workers in newer industries like radio and automobiles
C) farmers in the Midwest and the South
D) skilled workers threatened by labor-saving technologies
E) workers in service industries
35. The "graying" of America since the 1970s is widely seen as threatening which of the following?
A) The American tourist industry
B) The consumer culture of American society
C) The long-term viability of the social security system
D) Voter turnout in local and national elections
E) Immigration quotas
36. Marcus Garvey's prominence during the 1920s arose from his
A) establishment of a political party focusing on civil rights issues
B) emphasis on the importance of Black pride and Black nationalism
C) development of a national network of Black owned businesses
D) financial and literary contributions to the Harlem Renaissance
E) service as an unofficial adviser to Presidents and cabinet members

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37. The 1979 incident at Three Mile Island had which of the following effects?
A) It intensified criticism of the Supreme Court.
B) It intensified American Indian political activism.
C) It forced the United States toe reconsider the policy of "massive retaliation."
D) It increased public pressure to free the United States from dependence on foreign energy sources.
E) It increased support for the movement against nuclear power.
38. Members of the Hudson River School were best known for their paintings of
A) portraits
B) battle scenes
C) sporting scenes
D) landscapes
E) still lifes
39. The purpose of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was to
A) ease the economic difficulties of sharecroppers and tenant farmers
B) provide for the distribution of surplus meat and produce to the poor
C) reapportion electoral districts to give farmers greater representation in Congress
D) expand agricultural production by subsidizing farmers
E) raise farm prices by limiting agricultural production
40. The Supreme Court ruling in Korematsu v. United States upheld the constitutionality of
A) flag burning as a form immigrating to the United States
B) the internment of Japanese Americans as a wartime necessity
C) prohibiting Japanese workers from immigrating to the United States
D) private prayer in public schools
E) excluding Japanese American children from California public schools
41. The first attempt to apply the doctrine of popular sovereignty in determining the status of slavery occurred in
A) Texas
B) California
C) Kansas
D) Missouri
E) Oregon
42. Immigrants to the United States in the last quarter of the nineteenth century came primarily from
A) Latin America
B) Asia
C) Canada
D) middle-class backgrounds
E) European farms and villages
43. During the presidency of William H. Taft, United States policy in Latin America was driven primarily by
A) the administration's desire to benefit from European colonial inroads in the region
B) the President's goal of founding an effective Pan-American organization to deal with hemispheric issues
C) Congress' determination to ameliorate the hostility engendered by Theodore Roosevelt's Big Stick Policy
D) concern for the development of democracy and the protection of civil rights in the region
E) concern for the United States economic and strategic interests in the region
44. When war broke out in Europe in 1914, President Woodrow Wilson established a policy that called for
A) immediate American aid to the Allied powers
B) acknowledgement of American neutral rights on the high seas
C) American trade with Europe on a cash-and-carry basis only
D) a strict embargo on trade with all warring nations
E) strict prohibition of American travel on the ships of belligerents

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45. The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to

A) strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch
B) strengthen the executive branch against the legislative branch
C) ensure the independence of the judiciary
D) protect the sovereignty of the states
E) insulate the presidency from popular will
46. What was the main reason for the major decrease in the number of Europeans immigrating to the United States in
the 1920s?
A) There was widespread prosperity in Europe after the First World War.
B) Most European countries passed laws forbidding immigration to the United States.
C) A significant increase in emigration from Latin America left fewer jobs for European immigrants.
D) Fear of political persecution after the Palmer raids and the Sacco and Vanzetti case discouraged many
Europeans from emigrating.
E) The Unites States passed the National Origins Act
47. Under Chief Justice John Marshall, Supreme Court decisions tended to
A) promote business enterprise
B) restrict federal powers of taxation
C) restrict corporate development
D) expand state control of economic activity
E) reduce federal control of the economy
48. The women's movement in the antebellum period was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
A) close links with the antislavery and temperance movements
B) conventions in the Northeast and the Midwest, but not the South
C) involvement of middle-class women
D) a broad-based platform of legal and educational rights
E) demands for equal compensation for equal work
49. The Supreme Court's decision in the Dred Scott case in 1857 effectively repealed the
A) Missouri Compromise
B) Fugitive Slave Act
C) Ostend Manifesto
D) Wilmot Proviso
E) Eleventh Amendment to the Constitution
50. Which of the following is an example of Progressive Era legislation?
A) The Pure Food and Drug Act
B) The Hawley-Smoot Tariff
C) The Comstock Law
D) The Pendleton Act
E) The Dawes Severalty Act
51. The decisions of the Supreme Court in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries generally did which of the
following?
A) Strengthened the position of big business.
B) Strengthened the regulatory powers of the federal government.
C) Strengthened the position of organized labor.
D) Protected the civil and political rights of African Americans.
E) Protected the civil and political rights of women.

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52. "We believe that the time has come when the railroad corporations will either own the people or the people must
own the railroads ... We demand a national currency, safe, sound, and flexible ... We demand a free ballot."
Which of the following groups included the passage above in its platform?
A) American Federation of Labor
B) Union-Labor Party
C) People's Party (Populists)
D) National Grange
E) Democratic Party
53. In 1950s a major factor in President Harry Truman's commitment of American troops to combat North Korean
aggression was a desire to
A) force Congress to appropriate more money for the armed services
B) preserve South Korea's markets for United States exports
C) overcome the stigma that the Democratic party had "lost" China to communism
D) convince Americans that containment was an inefficient way to deal with communist expansion
E) direct the focus of American postwar foreign policy away from Europe
54. Which of the following conditions in England motivated Puritans to migrate to New England in the 1630s?
I. Political repression of dissident Protestants
II. An economic recession
III. Restrictions on Puritan religious practices
A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) I and II only
E) I, II, and III
55. Policy initiatives during Franklin D. Roosevelt's first two presidential terms included all of the following
EXCEPT
A) restricting agricultural production
B) restoring public confidence in the banking system
C) deficit financing
D) nationalizing basic industries
E) creating new jobs in the public sector

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56. The central point of the 1960s cartoon below was that

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

the public was more interested in foreign policy than in domestic reforms
the President was more interested in domestic programs than in foreign policy
protesters were successfully challenging the goals of Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society
opposition to the Vietnam War improved Lyndon B. Johnson's hopes for reelection
the cost of the Vietnam War limited the President's ability to carry out domestic programs

57. Which of the following achievements of the "carpetbag" governments survived the "Redeemer" administrations?
A) Participation by both Whites and African Americans in local government
B) Establishment of a public school system
C) Election of African American majorities to state legislatures
D) Establishment of a vigorous Republican Party in the South
E) Opening of public facilities to African Americans
58. Which of the following is true of the slave system in eighteenth-century British North America?
A) The slave system was legal only in the southern colonies.
B) Indentured servants increasingly replaced slaves in the southern colonies.
C) Slaveowners gained increased legal power over their slaves.
D) Most slaves worked on cotton plantations.
E) All the southern colonies passed laws against freeing slaves.

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59. The 1896 Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson did which of the following?
A) Upheld segregated railroad facilities.
B) Declared civil rights legislation unconstitutional.
C) Upheld literacy testing as a condition of voting in federal elections.
D) Outlawed segregation in public schools.
E) Restricted the right to purchase or sell land.
60. Which of the following aroused the greatest controversy in the United States at the end of the Spanish-American
War?
A) Payment of a $20 million indemnity to Spain
B) Humanitarian efforts on behalf of concentration camp victims
C) Acquisitions of the Philippine Islands
D) Liberation of Cuba from Spanish control
E) Increases in the size of the army and navy
61. The decade after the Second World War was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
A) unprecedented prosperity
B) rapid and extensive suburbanization
C) a population explosion known as the "baby boom"
D) the growing strength of the movement for African American civil rights
E) widespread student opposition to the development of nuclear weaponry
62. The American Colonization Society was established in the early nineteenth century with the goal of
A) encouraging immigration from Ireland and Germany
B) encouraging Chinese contract laborers to emigrate to the United States
C) settling White Americans on western lands
D) setting American indians on reservations
E) transporting African Americans to Africa
63. Which of the following best accounts for the success of the American Federation of Labor in organizing labor in
the late 1800s?
A) Its policy of organizing only skilled craftsmen
B) Its organization of all workers within a single industry into one union
C) Its policy of racial inclusiveness
D) Its campaign for a minimum wage
E) Its active recruitment of immigrant workers
64. Which of the following groups was LEAST likely to respond with enthusiasm to the religious fervor of the Great
Awakening in the 1730s and 1740s?
A) Established merchants in cities like Boston and Philedelphia
B) Presbyterian in the southern colonies
C) Blackwoods farmers isolated on the colonial frontier
D) Landless sons in New England communities
E) Itinerant preachers unable to find permanent parishes for themselves
65. The 1968 Tet Offensive was significant because it
A) showed that American soldiers were ill equipped to fight in the jungle
B) pressured North Vietnam to come to the bargaining table
C) convinced President Johnson to begin bombing Cambodia
D) reaffirmed popular support for the South Vietnamese government
E) led to increased antiwar sentiment in the United States

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66. The Northeast Ordinance did which of the following?

A) Provided for the annexation of the ORegon Territory.
B) Established reservations for Native Americans.
C) Granted settlers a free homestead of 160 acres.
D) Established the terms for settlement and admission of new states.
E) Banned slavery north of the 36 30 line
67. Which of the following is true of the 1935 Social Security Act?
A) It legislated a tax that transfers money from workers to pensioners.
B) It provided health insurance for anyone who needed it.
C) It created benefits for the needy by using taxes on corporate profits.
D) It made the United States the first industrialized country to provide a social welfare system.
E) It was ended during the first hundred days of the New Deal.
68. Daniel Webster's address to the Senate in 1830 in reply to Senator Hayne is best remembered for its
A) attack on the Tariff of Abominations
B) defense of the principle of national union
C) assertion of the idea of States' rights
D) apology for New England's disloyalty in the War of 1812
E) praise for President Andrew Jackson
69. The Dawes Act (1887) did which of the following?
A) Divided Native American tribal lands into individual holdings.
B) Promoted the preservation of Native American cultural identity.
C) Granted immediate citizenship to Native Americans.
D) Set up the reservation system.
E) Forbade the use of Native American languages in public schools.
70. In the Colonial period, Quakers were known for all of the following EXCEPT their
A) acceptance of a greater role for women in public worship
B) opposition to the institution of slavery
C) advocacy of freedom of worship
D) refusal to pay taxes
E) refusal to bear arms
71. "I have come to this country to introduce an entire new state of society; to change it from an ignorant, selfish
system to an enlightened social system which shall gradually unite all interests into one and remove all causes for
contest between individuals."
The statement above was made by which nineteenth-century Utopian reformer?
A) John Humphrey Noyes
B) Robert Owen
C) Karl Marx
D) Andrew Carnegie
E) Ann Lee
72. During the Gilded Age, which of the following groups generally voted Republican?
A) Black northerneres
B) Southern Protestant farmers
C) Roman Catholic immigrants
D) Unskilled wage earners
E) Confederate war veterans

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73. Which of the following was LEAST involved in the struggle for women's rights?
A) Elizabeth Cady Stanton
B) Alice Paul
C) Lucretia Mott
D) Carrie Chapman Catt
E) Dorothea Dix
74. The Battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862, is considered pivotal to the outcome of the Civil War because it
A) represented the Union's deepest thrust into southern territory
B) forestalled the possibility of European intervention
C) resulted in the border states joining the Confederacy
D) marked the first use of Black troops by the Union army
E) confirmed George McClellan's status as the leading Union general
75. Which of the following was a characteristic of the colonial Pennsylvania?
A) There was no established church.
B) Founder William Penn endorsed a policy of removing American Indians to the western region of the colony.
C) Poor farmland in the backcountry aggravated the colony's economic woes.
D) All White males could vote.
E) The office of governor was an elective post.
76. The Stono Rebellion and the New York conspiracy trials of 1741 revealed which of the following?
A) Increasing resistance to taxation
B) The inability of newcomers to acquire fertile farmland
C) Overpopulation in urban areas
D) Sectional divisions between northern and southern colonies
E) Resistance to slavery
77. The illustration above was most likely meant to symbolize which of the following?
A) The principles of republican agrarianism
B) Improvements in agricultural technology
C) Popular sovereignty
D) Large-scale Plains farming
E) The cult of domesticity
78. Although Congress accepted most of Alexander Hamilton's economic proposal, it rejected his
A) Report on Public Credit
B) call for direct subsidies to manufacturers
C) plans for a Bank of the United States
D) call for a whiskey task
E) call for a tariff
79. In adopting the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress was primarily concerned with
A) protecting the powers of the southern state governments established under Andrew Johnson
B) protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves
C) ending slavery
D) guaranteeing all citizens the right to vote
E) establishing the Freedmen's Bureau
80. In the 1930s the Great Depression resulted in
A) a dramatic increase in the emigrants to Canada
B) a major migration from California to the Central Plains
C) an increase in the number of transient people searching for work
D) a dramatic increase in the number of foreign immigrants
E) a significant increase in the birth rate

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Answer Key
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2.
3.
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55.
56.

B
A
C
C
D
B
C
C
E
B
B
C
E
A
C
D
D
E
A
A
B
B
E
D
A
B
B
B
A
B
E
B
E
C
C
B
E
D
E
B
C
E
E
B
E
E
A
E
A
A
A
C
C
E
D
E
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57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.

B
C
A
C
E
E
A
A
E
D
A
B
A
D
B
A
E
B
A
E
A
B
B
C

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