Historical Geology (6th Ed) - R. Wicander & J. Monroe
Historical Geology (6th Ed) - R. Wicander & J. Monroe
Historical Geology (6th Ed) - R. Wicander & J. Monroe
.............................. 20
Introduction............................................................
................................... 21
What is Geology.........................................................
................................... 23
Historical Geology and the Formulation of Theories......................
................................... 23
Origin of the Universe and Solar System, and Earths Place in Them........
................................. 24
Origin of the UniverseDid It Begin with a Big Bang...............
..................................... 24
Our Solar SystemIts Origin and Evolution.........................
..................................... 25
Perspective The Terrestrial and Jovian Planets..................
....................................... 27
EarthIts Place in Our Solar System...............................
..................................... 29
Why is Earth a Dynamic and Evolving Planet..............................
................................... 29
Organic Evolution and the History of Life...............................
................................... 32
Geologic Time and Uniformitarianism.....................................
................................... 32
How Does the Study of Historical Geology Benefit Us.....................
................................... 33
Summary.................................................................
................................... 34
Chapter 2 Minerals and Rocks....................................................
............................... 37
Introduction............................................................
................................... 38
Matter and Its Composition..............................................
................................... 38
Elements and Atoms..............................................
....................................... 38
Bonding and Compounds...........................................
....................................... 39
MineralsThe Building Blocks of Rocks.....................................
................................. 40
How Many Minerals Are There.....................................
....................................... 41
Rock-Forming Minerals and the Rock Cycle........................
....................................... 42
Igneous Rocks...........................................................
................................... 43
Texture and Composition.........................................
....................................... 43
Classifying Igneous Rocks.......................................
....................................... 45
Sedimentary Rocks.......................................................
................................... 45
Sediment Transport, Deposition, and Lithification...............
....................................... 47
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks.............................
....................................... 47
Metamorphic Rocks.......................................................
................................... 49
What Causes Metamorphism........................................
....................................... 51
Terrestrial Stratigraphny.......................................
.......................................376
Deep-Sea Stratigraphy...........................................
.......................................378
Onset of the Ice Age....................................................
...................................379
Climates of the Pleistocene and Holocene........................
.......................................379
GlaciersHow Do They Form.........................................
.....................................380
Glaciation and Its Effects..............................................
...................................380
Glacial Landforms...............................................
.......................................381
Changes in Sea Level............................................
.......................................382
Perspective Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta, and Glacier National
Park, Montana......................385
Glaciers and Isostasy...........................................
.......................................386
Pluvial and Proglacial Lakes....................................
.......................................386
What Caused Pleistocene Glaciation......................................
...................................389
The Milankovitch Theory.........................................
.......................................390
Short-Term Climatic Events......................................
.......................................391
Glaciers Today..........................................................
...................................391
Pleistocene Mineral Resources...........................................
...................................392
Summary.................................................................
...................................392
Chapter 18 Life of the Cenozoic Era.............................................
...............................395
Introduction............................................................
...................................396
Marine Invertebrates and Phytoplankton..................................
...................................397
Perspective The Messel Pit Fossil Site in Germany.......................
...................................399
Cenozoic Vegetation and Climate.........................................
...................................400
Cenozoic Birds..........................................................
...................................401
The Age of Mammals Begins...............................................
...................................402
Monotremes and Marsupial Mammals................................
.......................................402
Diversification of Placental Mammals............................
.......................................402
Paleogene and Neogene Mammals...........................................
...................................405
Small MammalsInsectivores, Rodents, Rabbits, and Bats............
.....................................406
A Brief History of the Primates.................................
.......................................406
The Meat EatersCarnivorous Mammals...............................
.....................................407