Transportation Planning PDF
Transportation Planning PDF
Transportation Planning PDF
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Planning system will encourages high mobility of non-motorize and reduce the
mobility of motorized road users which happens by increasing the efficiency of
non-motorized road facilities with support of public transport system. Therefore,
Transportation Planning provides high opportunity in promoting good
transportation facilities of a city.
Rapid development results the increase of needs for livable living and
workplace. The urbanization, urban trend of living and the design of current
urban structure are the factors which leads to the dependency rate on the use of
private vehicle. Johor Bahru is one of the districts in Malaysia which facing rapid
growth of development after the main capital city of Kuala Lumpur. The
uncontrolled land use development creates sprawling over its City Centre and
design an unregulated transport system. This issue can be related to what
understand by Minhans and Moghaddasi (2013) as during the early 1960s, when
Malaysia experiencing rapid development of economic, there is failure in
identifying the importance of public transportation planning. As a result public
transport service still lags behind in extent as well as in quality terms when
compared to the ASEAN counterparts such as Singapore as well as Hong Kong
and Japan (Minhans et al., 2013). Therefore, what is currently happen is actually
due to the lack of practice on the transportation planning system.
1.1
goods. It is also well connected to Malaysia by both north and west part as it is
well accessible by the JohorSingapore Causeway in the north, and the Tuas
Second Link in the west part.
CHAPTER 2
2.1
Vehicle quota system (VQS) was also implemented in 1990 as one of the
mechanism to control the growth of vehicle ownership. The VQS scheme
introduces the concept of car ownership title which is certificate of entitlement
(COE). It is compulsory for new car buyers to have COE. This certificate will
valid for ten years. The cost of the CEO will be determined based on the engine
size category of vehicles.
2.1.2
The area licensing scheme (ALS) comes with the Motor Vehicles
(Restricted Zone and Area Licensing) Rules 1975. The scheme focusing on the
Central Business District (CBD) where the area declared as a Restricted Zone
(RZ) for private vehicles during the peak hour. There is a concept of authorized
license vehicles or vehicles which carry at least 4 persons only can enter the RZ.
This is showing that this scheme also promoting car-pooling concept in order to
minimize the numbers of vehicles on road.
The ALS also was designed with less impact to the commuters group
where the park-and-ride system (PRS) was also introduced together. This is
providing alternative to this group of people to enter the CBD. Besides, this
system helps in reducing traffic congestion tension in CBD in which the number
of vehicle entering the zone is reduced.
2.1.3
2.1.4
the manual ALS system which seems to be less effective. This system aimed to
manage the congestion problems especially within the CBD zone especially
during the peak hours. There are three components in the ERP which are the Invehicle units (IU), the charge point equipment at the roadside and a remote
central computer system. The introduction of ERP will result in a more balance
ratio of ownership cost to usage cost. It is expected that the current ownership to
usage cost ratio of 70:30 will eventually be made closer to 50:50 (Chin, 1998).
2.1.5
The LTMP 2013 was designed based on the reviews and results and
publics feedback from the implementation of previous LTMPs. The publics
suggesting a more comprehensive public transportation network with a better
MRT and bus service quality. Besides the publics also request for a better design
of walking and cycling facilities to make sure of conformity and safety of
pedestrian. The LTMP 2013 aims for the concept of People-Centred Land
Transport System. This master plan will be working on three most important
centred focusing on providing better service, making more connections and
designing livable and inclusive community. Diagram 2.1 shows the conceptual
diagram of People-Centred Land Transport System.
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CHAPTER 3
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maintain the percentage use of land for the development of road through the
VOP scheme, ALS system, public transportation management and ERP scheme.
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CHAPTER 4
4.1
Rapid growth of land use and economy increase the tendency of urban
congestion. Urban congestion is leads to urban sprawling which then the traffic
and transportation network issue came up. Sprawling can cause poor
management of road networking due to unsure land use distribution in increase
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in the urban population as well. This will cause the unregulated public
transportation network which cause ineffective in the public transportation
service. Basically, it can be said that unregulated public transportation service
happen because of the mismanagement of land use.
As what implemented in Singapore, the Singapores Government at the
first stage manage the distribution of land use where they manage to prevent the
urban area from sprawling. They are using the concept of compact city by
growing vertically so that they manage to cater the increase in urban population.
At the current stage it is observed that Johor Bahru City Centre is also growing
with high rises. Then in order to manage the unregulated public transportation
service problems, the design of public transportation mass must be clearly aimed
to cater the needs of population. The variety of public transportation mode
choices in Singapore started from walking outside their door, cycling or walking
on well design pavements, taking train or bus to the destination showing the
efficiency of system and this should be applied in Johor Bahru. The system
should not only accouter the urban population, but also the commuters and a
better and efficient public transportation management can be achieve.
4.2
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condition results to serious towards Johor Bahru City Centre especially during
the peak hour.
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CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION
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CHAPTER 6
REFERENCES
Lee Kuan Yew. 2013. The Evaluation of Public Transport Policy in Singapore.
School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore.