Breathing Questions
Breathing Questions
Breathing Questions
QUESTIONSHEET 1
The table show the amount of energy needed per hour for different activities.
Activity
Sitting down
Housework
Walking
Cycling
Playing tennis
(a)
Energy used
/kJ per hour
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Sitting
down
Housework
Walking
Cycling
Playing
tennis
Activity
[3]
(b)
(c)
What is the relationship between activity and the amount of energy used per hour?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d)
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) In which activity, shown in the table, would most oxygen be used?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
TOTAL /8
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 2
(b)
RESPIRATION
ENERGY
[3]
(c)
(d)
State one way in which muscles use the energy released in respiration.
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
TOTAL /6
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 3
(a)
(b)
[5]
Match the correct letter from the diagram with the following:
(i)
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) a structure which carries air into the lungs.
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) a structure which contracts and moves downwards when we breath in.
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c)
(d)
The table shows some of the differences between inhaled and exhaled air.
Inhaled air
Exhaled air
(i)
Oxygen
21%
16%
Carbon dioxide
0.03%
3.0%
Explain why exhaled air contains less oxygen than inhaled air.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) Why does exhaled air contain more carbon dioxide than inhaled air?
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
TOTAL /13
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 4
Yeast is a microscopic fungus which is able to respire without oxygen. A student set up the following apparatus
to investigate respiration in yeast.
layer of liquid
paraffin
solution of
yeast and sugar
made up in boiled
and cooled water
(a)
limewater
Explain why the yeast and sugar solution was made up in boiled and cooled water.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b)
After some time bubbles of a gas were seen in the test tube. What was this gas?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c)
The limewater was clear at the start of the investigation. What colour would it be after 20 minutes?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
A student set up two sets of apparatus, one at 10oC and one at 30oC. The student timed how long it took
for the limewater to change colour.
(d)
(i)
Name three things you would do to make sure this was a fair test?
..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [3]
(ii) At which temperature would the limewater change colour most quickly?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) Give a reason for your answer.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
TOTAL / 10
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 5
Glass tube A
Glass tube B
Balloon
Bell jar
Sheet of rubber
(a)
the balloon
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) the glass tube A
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) the glass tube B
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv) the sheet of rubber.
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b)
When the rubber sheet is pulled down the balloons inflate. Explain how this is caused.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [3]
TOTAL / 7
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 6
The graph shows the death rates from lung cancer of people who have stopped smoking
140
120
100
Deaths per 80
100,000
60
40
20
0
0
10
12
14
16
18
20
(a)
(b)
(i)
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c)
How many years does it take for the death rate to drop from 100 deaths per 100,000 to 28 deaths
per 100,000?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d)
Describe how you would use the information in the graph to persuade someone who had just stopped
smoking not to start again.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
TOTAL / 6
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 7
The following statements concern breathing. Some of these statements are correct and some are incorrect.
Tick the ones which are correct.
1. Inhaled air contains approximately 20% oxygen.
TOTAL / 5
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 8
The table shows the breathing rates of 5 people, A, B, C, D and E as they walk at different speeds.
(a)
Person A
16
17
20
21
22
27
Person B
15
16
18
19
20
23
Person C
16
17
19
20
23
28
Person D
14
15
17
19
20
23
Person E
14
16
18
21
23
26
Calculate the mean (average) breathing rate for the five people when walking at 3 km per hour. Show
your working.
Answer.................................... [2]
(b)
(c)
For person A, what change in speed of walking increases the breathing rate by 10%?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d)
Calculate the percentage increase in the breathing rate when person D changes from walking at 1 km
per hour to 4 km per hour. Show your working.
TOTAL / 6
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 9
The bar chart shows the breathing rates of 5 people, A, B, C, D and E, at rest and during exercise.
At rest
30
During exercise
25
20
Breathing rate
(Breaths per 15
minute)
10
5
0
A
Person
(a)
(b)
Calculate the mean (average) breathing rate of the 5 people. Show your working.
(i)
at rest
Answer ............................ [3]
Calculate the percentage increase in the breathing rate for person C during exercise.
What two pieces of information in the bar chart indicate that person C is the fittest?
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(e)
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 10
The table shows the effect on the breathing rate of inhaling air containing different amounts of carbon dioxide
Concentration of Carbon dioxide 0.5
in air (%)
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
4.0
5.0
14
15
16
18
20
23
27
32
Breathing rate
(breaths per minute)
(a)
[4]
(b)
How does increasing the carbon dioxide from 0.5% to 2.0% affect the breathing rate?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(c)
At a carbon dioxide level of 2.0%, the volume of each breath is 1.1 litres. Calculate the volume of air
breathed in per minute at a carbon dioxide concentration of 2.0%.
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 11
The table shows a person's breathing rate and the volume of each breath at rest and during exercise.
Activity
At rest
During gentle exercise
During vigorous exercise
(a)
Breathing rate
/Breaths per minute
18
22
28
(b)
at rest.
(c)
Air contains 20% oxygen. How much oxygen entered the lungs during gentle exercise?
..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [3]
TOTAL / 8
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 12
The graph shows how the volume of a person's breath changes when breathing in air containing different
amounts of carbon dioxide.
2500
Volume
of each breath
(cm3)
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
% CO2 in air
(a)
What was the volume of each breath when the level of carbon dioxide was 0 %?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b)
Use the graph to find the volume of each breath when the level of carbon dioxide was 2.5%.
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c)
What is the relationship between the volume of each breath and the level of carbon dioxide in the air?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d)
What would you expect to happen to the rate of breathing as the carbon dioxide level increases?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
TOTAL / 4
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 13
(a)
(b)
Name the structures which form the gas exchange surface in the lungs.
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c)
State three ways in which the lungs are adapted for the exchange of gases.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [3]
(d)
/12
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 14
The graph shows the level of lactic acid in the blood before, during and after a period of exercise.
100
Exercise
90
80
70
concentration of
lactic acid
(mg/100cm3
blood)
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
time/minutes
(a)
(b)
By how much did the level of lactic acid increase during exercise?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c)
How long after the period of exercise did it take for the lactic acid concentration to return to normal?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d)
(e)
After exercise the amount of oxygen taken in is approximately double the normal intake. Account for
this difference.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
TOTAL
/6
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 15
The graph shows the amount of oxygen used by the body when walking at different speeds.
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
Oxygen used
(Litres per 2.5
minute)
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
Speed of walking
(km per hour)
(a)
(b) (i)
What happens to the amount of oxygen used as the speed of walking increases?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(c)
When walking at 5 km per hour the amount of oxygen used is 3 litres per minute. The volume of each
breath is 3.0 litres. Air contains 20% oxygen of which the body uses 20%. Use this information to
calculate how many breaths per minute a person would take when walking at 5 km per hour.
TOTAL
[5]
/10
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 16
A student set up the following apparatus to investigate gas exchange in small invertebrates.
ruler
drop of
coloured oil
glass tube
snail
wire guaze
support
liquid to absorb
carbon dioxide
(a) (i)
After the apparatus had been set up for some time, the drop of oil was seen to have moved. In which
direction would the drop of oil move?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Explain why the drop of oil moved in this direction.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [4]
(b)
The test tube contains a liquid to absorb carbon dioxide given out by the snail. Name one other substance
breathed out by the snail.
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c)
If the temperature around the apparatus is increased the drop of oil is seen to move more quickly. Explain
why the oil moves more quickly.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [3]
TOTAL /9
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 17
The graph shows the pulse rate and breathing rate of a person before, during and after exercise.
140
23
exercise
130
22
120
21
Pulse rate
/beats
110
per minute
20
100
19
90
Breathing rate
/breaths
per minute
18
Pulse rate
80
17
70
16
60
15
Breathing rate
50
40
(a)
(i)
14
6
7
Time / min
10
11
13
12
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) resting breathing rate?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b)
What was the person's pulse rate 1 minute after the exercise started?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c)
What was the person's breathing rate at the end of the period of exercise?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d)
(i)
(ii)
at 6 minutes.
Answer................................................. [2]
(e) How long after the exercise stopped did it take for the breathing rate to return to normal?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
TOTAL /9
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 18
The diagrams below show the equations for anaerobic respiration in humans and in yeast.
Anaerobic
respiration
in Man
Anaerobic
respiration
in yeast
(a) (i)
Lactic acid
Glucose
Glucose
Alcohol
Energy
Carbon
dioxide
Energy
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii)
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) (i) Explain what is meant by the term anaerobic respiration.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) In what circumstances does anaerobic respiration occur in humans?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) A student investigated the effect of temperature on the production of carbon dioxide by yeast.
A solution of yeast and sugar was kept at different temperatures and the volume of carbon dioxide given
off at 5 minutes intervals was recorded. The table shows the results.
Temperature 0C
5
15
25
35
55
5 minutes
5
10
22
32
10
26
45
46
75
12
31
59
67
95
12
30 minutes
42
76
90
135
12
(Continued)
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 18 CONTINUED
(i)
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Suggest why.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(d)
TOTAL /11
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 19
The table below shows the percentage of male to female smokers and non-smokers in 1978, 1988 and 1998
1978
Smokers / %
Ex-smoker
Non-smoker / %
(a)
Male
48.2
21.7
30.1
1988
Female
36.3
13.5
50.2
Male
45.6
23.2
31.2
1998
Female
33.6
16.0
50.4
Male
39.3
29.5
31.2
Female
41.6
22.1
36.3
1978?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) 1998?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b)
(c)
What happened to the percentage of male smokers between 1978 and 1998?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(d)
Which group showed the largest change between 1988 and 1998?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(e)
Describe the pattern of female smokers over the period of time shown in the table.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(f)
Suggest a reason for change in the smoking habits of women from 1988 to 1998.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
TOTAL /9
GCSE BIOLOGY
QUESTIONSHEET 20
The diagram shows a section through an alveolus and a surrounding blood vessel
Z
A
C
B
(a)
(b)
A ......................................................................
B....................................................................................
C ......................................................................
D............................................................................... [4]
(c)
Name the process by which gases pass across the alveolar walls.
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(e)
(f)
(g)
The air breathed into the body often contains dust and bacteria. How are these prevented from
entering the alveoli?
..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [3]
TOTAL /14